AP Both Unit 6 - Rotational Mechanics
Tuesday 12/11/20
0. comprehensive momentum/impulse notes
livestream
discussed center of mass (this time focus is on continuous mass distributions) ... notes here
discussed another note packet regarding center of mass (and also discussing moment of inertia) ... note packet here (through slide 32)
reviewed the difference between finding the center of mass and the rotational (or moment of) inertia
note the method of calculating moment of inertia:
a. always start with the integral of r^2 dm
b. write dm=(lambda)dx for lines of mass ... write dm=(sigma)dA for areas of mass ... and write dm=(rho)dV for volumes of mass
c. sub in for lambda=Mtot/L ... or sigma=Mtot/A ... or rho=Mtot/V
d. figure out an expression for dx, or dA, or dV
e. sub completed expression for dm back into integral of r^2 dm and do integral
worked out moments of inertia for stick (about end), stick (about middle),
hoop, and disk.discussed calculating the rotational energy of a stick whirled about its end; about its middle....given omega, the mass and the length of the stick
Wednesday 12/2/20
0. comprehensive momentum/impulse notes
livestream
worked out moments of inertia for hoop, and disk, cylinder, hollow disk, and hollow cylinder
rotational inertia of a solid cylinder...see this video for nice explanation!
watched video for finding rotational inertia of non-uniform rod
found rotational inertia of a washer
found rotational inertia of a hollow cylinder (inner radius a and outer radius b)
found rotational inertia of a thin rectangular plate
Thursday 12/3/20
0. comprehensive momentum/impulse notes
livestream
students found the center of mass of a discrete mass distribution, a stick (reference 0 chosen 3/4 of the way along the stick)
students found the rotational inertia of a stick about the end and a stick about the middle
watched video for finding rotational inertia of a non-uniform disk
introduced the parallel axis theorem.
discussed how to use parallel axis theorem for following examples: stick about the end from stick about the middle; hoop about an edge from hoop about the middle; sphere about an edge from sphere about the middle; thin plate about the middle from thin plate about an edge
showed table of common moments of inertia
calculated the rotational energy of a more complicated structure rotating about an end: stick-ball-stick-ball
did ranking task calculating rotational inertias of a "t-like" structure comparing I values for various rotational axes
defined torque..discussed how to calculate torque, discussed how to assign a direction to torque:great introductory videohereon torquediscussed all linear/rotational analogies
Friday 12/4/20
defined torque..discussed how to calculate torque, discussed how to assign a direction to torque:
great introductory video here on torque
discussed all linear/rotational analogies
worked some torque calculations
discussed several rotational dynamics problems
worked an example of (review really) for rotational kinematics
discussed M problem with mass sliding off frictionless circular hill
discussed weekend homework: MC Quizzes on AP Classroom and study Unit 6 material
Monday 12/7/20
great introductory video here on torque
worked another example (review really) for rotational kinematics
discussed a situation in which a cord is wrapped around the rim of a wheel of known rotational inertia I...found the angular acceleration...had to use the relationships torque=(inertia)(alpha) and torque=(magnitude lever arm)(magnitude force)(sin of angle between lever arm direction and force direction). Also discussed how rotational kinematics stuff could then be determined once alpha is found.
revisited Atwood's Machine but acknowledged that the pulley has mass. This means that the tension on one side must be greater than the tension on the other side in order to cause the pulley to rotationally accelerate. We had to do force diagrams for both masses (as before), net torque=(inertia)(alpha), and a=R(alpha) to solve for everything. The pulley in this case was a hoop.
repeated Atwood's Machine with a pulley that was a disk. Also, just used variables to determine the same quantities found in 6.
worked a problem in which a "stone" (really a hanging mass) was released below a stationary pulley and accelerated downward. We found the linear acceleration, the tension, and the mass of the "stone". We were initially given linear motion information about the descent of the "stone". The concepts used were: CA motion analysis, torque=(I)(alpha), a=R(alpha), and Fnet=ma.
discussed M problem with mass sliding off frictionless circular hill
discussed rolling without slipping (noteshere) ... these are separate notes from the unit noteshere is a movie explaining how an object rotates and translates at the same time
Tuesday 12/8/20
reviewed the derivation of v(t) for an object falling in air with |R|=bv
discussed solutions to M13
discussed rolling without slipping (notes here) ... these are separate notes from the unit notes
used the concept of rolling without slipping (along with conservation of energy) to determine the speed of different rolling shapes at the bottom of a ramp having been released from rest...found v_bot for hollow sphere, hoop, cylinder, and solid sphere.
used the concept of rolling without slipping (along with torques, forces, accelerations, and angular accelerations) to determine the speed of a solid sphere at the bottom of a ramp having been released from rest.
Wednesday 12/9/20
discussed a problem in which a marble is allowed to roll down a ramp into a loop de loop....found minimum height for ball to stay on track at top of loop.
discussed angular momentum (for point masses and for extended masses)
discussed the angular momentum of a point mass traveling at constant speed around a circular path...used L=Iw and also L=r x p
discussed the angular momentum of an object moving in a straight line relative to a point not on the line
discussed several examples involving calculations of angular momentum
discussed the conservation of angular (rotational) momentum
discussed an example where angular momentum was conserved
Thursday 12/10/20
discussed three more examples where angular momentum was conserved (made it halfway through 3rd example)
viewed (through 25:22) MIT Lecture Video 20: Topics - Angular momentum is defined relative to an origin whose position can be freely chosen. Angular momentum is therefore not an intrinsic property of a moving object, it depends on the position of the origin. The angular momentum of a projectile's motion is explored. The angular momentum changes along its trajectory. The angular momentum of the Earth's orbit if measured relative to the sun's position, is constant (it is NOT constant if it is measured relative to any other origin) ... Torque equals the time derivative of the angular momentum. The torque acting on the Earth is zero if we choose the sun as our origin. It is NOT zero relative to any other origin. Thus the orbital angular momentum of the Earth (sun as origin) is constant. ... The angular momentum of a disk rotating about its center of mass is proportional to its moment of inertia. The angular momentum associated with rotational motion of a rigid body about a stationary axis through the center of mass is called spin angular momentum. Spin angular momentum is an intrinsic property of a spinning object. It is independent of the point of origin chosen. The Earth spins about an axis through its center of mass. The total angular momentum of the Earth with the sun as the origin is the vectorial sum of the spin angular momentum and the orbital angular momentum.
Friday 12/11/20
finished last example where angular momentum was conserved
found time it took for a spherical shell to roll down a ramp a known distance using energy...then using torques/forces
revisited an Atwood's Machine problem w/ numbers
discussed a very intriguing problem with a stationary rotating spherical "pulley" and a stationary rotating cylindrical pulley
discussed everything about a conical pendulum (looking at it from a rotational dynamics perspective)
introduced the concept of static equilibrium
worked multiple examples of static equilibrium
Monday 12/14/20
discussed everything about a conical pendulum (looking at it from a rotational dynamics perspective)
introduced the concept of static equilibrium
worked multiple examples of static equilibrium
discussed Unit 4 MC questions
Tuesday 12/15/20
worked one more example of static equilibrium
discussed solutions to M16-M20
Wednesday 12/16/20
livestream
discussed Unit 4 MC questions
discussed solutions to M21-M23
students worked practice problems from a review book (both MC and FR)
Today's Recording
Thursday 12/17/20
livestream
students took Mechanics Exam 5