Lab 19 

A. Brainstorm: 

What questions do you have after looking at this picture? (need at least 3 or more to receive full credit) (6 pts)

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B. How can we answer these questions? What are your ideas? List them below.  (need at least 3 or more to receive full credit) (6 pts)

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Directions: Each student must submit a complete lab report, individually.  It must be written  document.  It will be submitted as Lab 19: Environmental Chemistry

Name :_____________ Period:______

I. Purpose : Each group will be testing water samples from local water sources to evaluate water quality and relate it to the Fish Kill Scene.  We are learning about the local environment.

II. Materials:     List the materials needed to complete the lab procedure.  ADD to this list: pH meter, multimeter, pH paper, water samples, ...

III. Procedure:  The teacher will give directions based on materials available. Each group needs several reaction tubes with samples. ( You may be asked to ) Label them A-D.   Get a 1 mL sample of each. Be careful not to contaminate samples.  Check labels.  The samples will be from local streams, a pool, a well, the faucet, or other sources.

1. Collect a sample in a clean test tube ( or reaction tube.).

2. Clean and rinse a well plate.

3. Add a sample to a well, filling the well.

4. Test the sample with the pH meter, the multimeter, and pH paper.  Record the data on your data table.

5. Be sure to rinse the meters between samples.  Rinse with DI water into a waste beaker.

IV: Results : 

A. Make a data table to record your information:

 "My Data" ( Written)

Add you measurements and observations and include:

1.Date of testing: 

2.Measure the temperature of the sample ( Use a thermometer, or the temp from the multimeter.) , rinse with D.I. Water after each measurement.

3.Measure the pH of the sample using both tools. ( Use a pH meter - rinse with D.I. water each time.), pH paper,etc.)  Record which tool was used for the measurement.

4. Estimate the turbidity of the sample; how clear is it?

B .Make a second table "Class Data" :  Written or Google Doc

We will take measurements based on the tools available.

1. Conductivity:  MicoSiemens      ;                      uS

 ( this tests for metals and ions in the water.)

2. Dissolved Solids:  Parts Per Million   ,             ppm

3. GPS for the stream sample from the Tulpehocken Creek at the Red Bridge:

 ( Use the web)

4. USGS flow for the Tulpehocken Creek : ( Use the webs site)

5. Describe precipitation on the day of collection :

NOAA site: Drought

6. Air Temperature : 

C. Chemical Tests: ( If available, if not skip this section.)

V. Questions and Conclusions: 

1.  Describe any differences in the pH of the samples.  Which sample was the most acidic, which was the most basic?

2. Compare the conductivity readings for the four samples. The numbers measured should be used here.

3. Define conductivity as it relates to water samples.  Does clean water have a high or low conductivity?  What does a high conductivity indicate for the water quality?

4. Compared the total dissolved solids ( TDS) measured for the samples in this lab.  You should use the measurements in your comparison . Does a low reading or a high reading indicate good water quality?

5. The fish kill site has a high level of chemicals in the water.  A construction site is nearby, what is your Hypothesis about the cause of the fish kill? What else could be done to prove your hypothesis?

6. This is a Brook Trout, native to Pennsylvania and  found in the Tulpehocken Creek: ( Use the web )

State some facts about it. ( What does it eat, etc.)

7.   This is a Bald Eagle and they can be found flying over the Tulpehocken Creek.  What chemical caused a decline in their numbers in the 1960-2010?  They were an endangered species for those decades. What was the source of the chemical that caused their decline?

8 . This is an Osprey.  They migrate and are found along the Tulpehocken during the Spring and Summer. Find five facts about Osprey and list them in a bulleted list.

9. This is a fish eating Great Blue Heron.  There are 100 of them in the area of the Tulpehocken Creek.  Explain how they would be affected by a "fish kill".  Write at least three sentence.