4.1 Chemical Naming Inquiry

Learning Target: I will be able to name some of the ionic compounds and their chemical formulae.

Engage:   One of the most important things that we learned as young children is the names of things. It was important to learn the correct names for things to be able to communicate with others.  Learning science, and chemistry requires learning a new language. We use words like "plastic" in everyday speech, but chemist require more precise words for each type of plastic.  For example, trash cans, chairs, and milk jugs are made of polyethelene while cups, and egg cartons are made of polystyrene.

Directions : Answer the questions on paper to be collected.  You do not need to write the question, but you should do all of the questions in order and you should have the correct labels. Remember that your work is a study guide for YOU to use.  You may want to write a sentence or  more that a one word answer.  For example : see #1

    1. What is the chemical name for table salt? What is its chemical formula? What is the compound's overall charge?

        Answer:  The chemical name for table salt is _____, NaCl , its overall charge is zero.

    2. What is the chemical name for table sugar?  What is its chemical formula?

    3. What is the name of an acid that you have heard of? Find out its chemical formula and two uses for the acid using the web or your textbook.

Explore: A. Naming Compounds that Contain a Metal and a Nonmetal:

    1. Metals form what type of ion, negative or positive? 

     2. What are the metal ions called , cations or anions?

     3. What type of ions are formed by nonmetals?

     4. Nonmetals: Are they cations or anions?

     5. What is a binary ionic compound?

    6. To name a binary ionic compound: 

             a.  The cation is named first and the anion second.  

              b. The anion uses the element name with -ide.

example :  Na+ = Sodium, Cl-   = Chloride   , so the ionic  compound is called 

Sodium Chloride

        6. Using the textbook, p.95, or the web, fill in the table ( Write out the whole table in your notebook): 

Know these for the test: 

Explain:  Explain in your own words what a binary ionic compound is, and how they are named.  Use complete sentences and write a six sentence paragraph.

Elaborate: 

  Draw the atoms of sodium and Chlorine and show how an electron is shifted to form the ionic bond. Explain the octet rule.

Evaluate :   Take this Formative Quiz to see what you understood:   QUIZ 

Part B: Polyatomic Ions                                               

Explore :   

1. Define polyatomic Ion

2. Complete the Tables by using page 109 in the textbook, and other pages, or the web.

   Memorize these for the test.

3. When naming a compound with a polyatomic ion what is done?

4. When there is more than one polyatomic ion is a formula, parentheses and a subscript are used.

     For example :   Fe+3   with NO3-    would be three nitrate ions to balance the charge of +3 from iron.

                                       So the compound would be Fe(NO3)3

        Apply this to :  

1.  Mn+2   and OH-

2. Ca+2  and OH-

3. Cu+2 and   NO2-

4. Na+    and  PO4-3

5.  Na+1  and OH-

6. What important macromolecule which is found in all living things, has many phosphate ions?

Part C : Naming Acids :    page 114 text

What are the Chemical formulas for the following common acids : 

1. Hydrochloric Acid

2. Nitric Acid

3. Sulfuric Acid

4. Acetic Acid

What is a use for Lithium Iron Phosphate?  What is the chemical formula? How rare is Lithium?  How is it collected?

Part D : Type Three Ionic Compounds: Type III: Compounds that contain ONLY nonmetals.

Some compounds use prefixes to show the number of atoms in Type Three Ionic Compounds and Covalent Compounds.  Know the prefixes:

Here are some examples: 

H2O is usually called "water", but does have a chemical name : Dihydrogen monoxide

1.)    CO2 =

2.)    P3N4 = 

3.)    Dinitrogen Trisulfide =

4.)  Sulfur Hexafluoride =

Part E : Type Two Ionic Compounds Type II: Ionic compounds with metals( usually trasition metals) that form cations with various charges.

Some Metals have more than one possible charge. Look in the textbook on page 99 and complete this table :

What would be the name ?

1.)   Fe2O3 = 

2.)   Cu2O =

When a Iron ion form as Fe+3, explain what happened with its electrons:

Study this note,too: 

Type I: Ionic compounds with metals that always form a cation with the same charge (not variable)

Type II: Ionic compounds with metals( usually trasition metals) that form cations with various charges.

Type III: Compounds that contain ONLY nonmetals.