Time-series analysis, or more generally dataset series analysis, consist in repeating a series of analysis steps for each time point (each represented by a folder) in a root folder. A time series analysis requires a Dataset Series to have been selected using File >> Load Image Folder Series (Ctrl+Shift+L) or File>>Import>>Open SwissSPAD 2 Dataset Series (Ctrl+Shift+F2).
The time-series analysis is started with the Analysis >> Time-Series Analysis (Phasor) menu item (Ctrl+T). Another type of series analysis, Time-Series Analysis (Fitting) is described in the Fluorescence Decay Fitting page of the manual.
The analysis steps executed for each time point are:
Load the gate images
Compute the Phasor Plot
Compute the selected ROI's decay and add it to the Decay Graph
Compute the ROI's phasor and add it to the Phasor Graph
If a phasor calibration curve exists, use the corresponding time's calibration to correct the phasor
Compute the corresponding Phasor Ratio
Use the time as abscissa and add the phasor ratio to the Phasor Ratio Graph
Compute the average lifetime based on the phasor ratio and add the corresponding point to the Lifetime Graph
Before the analysis, a new plot is created in each of the above mentioned graphs.
To perform such an analysis, a few prerequisites need to be met:
two reference phasors (and their lifetimes) need to be defined. Analysis can proceed without references, but no Phasor Ratio or Lifetime will be calculated.
a phasor calibration curve must have been defined.
The definition of reference phasors has been discussed in the Phasor Graph page of the manual.
The second step requires a calibration time series analysis itself, as described next.
Note that a time-series analysis can be performed without reference or calibration curve, but in this case, no Phasor Ratio and Lifetime plot will be generated.
1. Definition of a Phasor Calibration Curve
To define a phasor calibration curve, a ROI needs to be defined in the Source Image and a time series analysis run (Ctrl+T).
Part of the analysis is unnecessary for this step (everything after and including the phasor ratio computation), but the important data, the phasor points corresponding to this ROI's time series will be created.
An example of such a phasor calibration curve is shown below (note that the status of the calibration checkbox does not matter):
Notice that the phasor value are way off the universal circle, due to the absence of calibration.
To use this set of points as a phasor calibration curve, make sure the Calibration Lifetime value corresponds to the known value for the ROI which was analyzed, and right-click in the Phasor Graph and choose Phasor Calibration >> Time Series Calibration >> Use as Phasor Calibration Curve:
This stores the series of uncorrected phasor values as references, which will be later used to correct other phasors calculated for different ROIs of unknown lifetime characteristics.
Once a calibration curve has been defined, the corresponding Task Completion Indicator LED lights up.
To clear this definition, use the Phasor Calibration >> Time Series Calibration >> Clear Calibration Curve item of the Phasor Graph context menu.
Notice that the Time Series Calibration sub-menu provides the option to save (Save Phasor Calibration Curve) or load (Load Phasor Calibration Curve) a calibration curve once it has been defined. The XML file extension is automatically set to .calN to distinguish it from a single time point calibration file (.cal extension).
Applying this calibration curve (by checking the Use Phasor Calibration Curve checkbox) will collapse all data points to a single one on the Universal Circle, as expected.
2. Time Series Analysis
Once this is done (and two reference phasors have been defined - see below):
Check the Use Calibration Phasor checkbox
Select another ROI of interest
Perform a new time-series analysis (Ctrl+T)
The result (after some computation) should be phasors values within the universal circles and a phasor ratio curve (Phasor Ratio Analysis panel) hopefully exhibiting some meaningful behavior, such as the one shown below:
with the corresponding lifetime curve (Lifetime Analysis panel):
Note that it is possible to interrupt this calculation by pressing the Abort button appearing on the right of the Data File Folder Path control.
Modifiying the reference phasors after a time-series analysis
In some cases, it is not possible to define the reference phasors without prior knowledge. In the particular case illustrated below, the phasor "trajectory" strongly indicates that the sample is comprised of a mixture of two single lifetimes, one of which (the lowest one) becomes increasingly present as time goes.
In this case, it is natural to use the Phasor Ratio References >> Use UC/Cursor-Defined Line Intersections tool (or the Use UC/Fitted Line Intersections tool) to define two phasor references with the Line tool described in the Phasor Graph page of the manual, and then use these two new references to compute phasor ratios.
This latter step is performed with the Phasor Ratio Calculation >> Compute Time-Series Phasor Ratio shortcut menu of the Phasor Graph.
A new phasor ratio time series plot is computed and displayed in the Phasor Ratio Graph (Phasor Ratio Analysis panel) and the corresponding lifetime values are plotted in the Lifetime Graph (Lifetime Analysis panel). There is no need to recompute the whole phasor time series.
"Retracing" the Phasor Trajectory
It can be useful to "retrace" a phasor trajectory by moving through the different time points post analysis. This is done by checking the Single Step checkbox below the Phasor Graph (Phasor Graph panel) and moving the Phasor Frame Slider next to it:
A single phasor corresponding to the frame whose number is indicated to the right, is displayed in the Phasor Graph. It is possible to use or not use a Phasor Calibration or Phasor Calibration Curve.
Note that the Image Source is not affected by these manipulations.
If the checkbox is checked during a time-series analysis, a single phasor (the current one) will be displayed in the Phasor Graph. Unchecking the Single Step checkbox will show the full phasor series.