Unit 8: Civil War

Unit 9 PowerPoint --- Mehall

Unit 8 PowerPoint Notes

Helpful Videos:

Unit 8 Vocabulary:

Unit 8 Part I Causes of the Civil War Vocabulary

  1. Missouri Compromise – The plan to admit Maine as a free state and Missouri as a slave state
  2. Abolition – 🗹The movement to end slavery🗹
  3. Fugitive Slave Law – Law forcing people to return runaway enslaved Africans
  4. Underground Railroad – A system to help slaves escape from the South
  5. Dred Scott v. Sandford – Supreme Court decision that slaves were not citizens under the Constitution
  6. Confederate States of America – Nation formed by eleven Southern states after secession
  7. Fort Sumter – Site of first Civil War clash, on April 12 1861 in Charleston South Carolina
  8. James Knox Polk – President from North Carolina who dreamed of new frontiers to cross. Also sympathized with Southerners who wanted to expand slavery.
  9. Nat Turner – led violent slave revolt in Virginia. As a result, southern states enacted stricter slave codes
  10. Slave Codes – forbade educating enslaved Africans and kept them from leaving their owner’s land without the owner’s permission
  11. Henry Clay – Senator who wanted a compromise on slavery to avoid secession
  12. Secede – to withdraw (leave) from the Union
  13. Popular Sovereignty – 🗹A system in which the residents vote to decide an issue.🗹
  14. Abraham Lincoln – helped create the Republican Party on the issue of anti-slavery
  15. John Brown - 🗹Militant abolitionist who led anti-slavery movements in “Bleeding Kansas” and Harpers Ferry🗹




Unit 8 Part II (Chapter 15) Civil War Vocabulary

  1. Robert E. Lee – Commander of the Army of Northern Virginia and overall commander of Confederate forces. At the time, he was considered one of the nation’s best military leaders.
  2. Clara Barton – Civil War nurse who later founded the American Red Cross
  3. Anaconda Plan – Union war plan to blockade all Southern ports and take control of the Mississippi River. The blockade would strangle the South, preventing it from selling its cotton overseas and importing much needed supplies
  4. First Battle of Manassas / Bull Run – Manassas (North) Bull Run (South) the first major battle of the Civil War, won by the Confederacy. This battle made it clear that the war would not end quickly
  5. Battle of Antietam – single bloodiest day of the Civil War; neither side won a clear victory
  6. Emancipation Proclamation – 🗹President Lincoln’s announcement freeing all enslaved persons in the Confederate States🗹
  7. Battle of Gettysburg – one of the costliest battles of the Civil War, won by the Union.
  8. Score – 20 years
  9. Consecrate – to make sacred
  10. Gettysburg Address – 🗹A short speech by Lincoln that dedicated a portion of land to those who had died fighting in honor of their unfinished work. He said that those who had died did not die in vain and the fight would continue.🗹
  11. Appomattox – Grant forced Lee to surrender at the last battle of the Civil War. Grant wrote the terms of surrender that ended four long bloody years
  12. Draft – a requirement that men between the ages of 18 and 35 sign up for military service
  13. Ulysses S. Grant – appointed leader of all the Union armies after successful battles in the west. He believed the only way to beat the South was by destroying their ability and willingness to fight
  14. William T. Sherman – 🗹Union general known for his march to the sea. His troops destroyed much of what they encountered along their 60-mile route from Atlanta to Savannah🗹
  15. John Wilkes Booth - a Southern sympathizer and actor who show President Lincoln as he attended a play
  16. Zebulon B. Vance – Governor of NC was the heart and soul of NC’s war effort. He defended NC against efforts by the Confederate gov’t to impose its authority in the state
  17. Battle of Bentonville – the bloodiest battle in NC where the vastly outnumbered Confederates retreated
  18. Fort Fisher – A fort that defended Wilmington, the South’s most important port.