Unit 15: Civil Rights Movement
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Unit 15 Vocabulary:
Civil Rights Movement Vocabulary
1. Segregation – the separation of races within a society
2. Integrate – to open to people of all races or ethnic groups
3. Racism – a belief by some that people of one race are superior to those of another
4. Discrimination – favorable or unfavorable treatment of someone based on his or her race, religion, or beliefs
5. Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka – Supreme Court ruling that separate public schools for African Americans and white is unconstitutional
6. NAACP – National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. Fought for their rights.
7. Thurgood Marshall – persuaded the Supreme Court that racial segregation in public schools was unconstitutional
8. Plessy v. Ferguson – 1896 ruling by Supreme Court that established that “separate but equal” facilities for African Americans and white was constitutional. Overturned in 1954.
9. Montgomery Bus Boycott – Those that had been discriminated against and their supporters boycotted the use of public transportation
10. Rosa Parks – woman whose refusal to give up her bus seat to a white person started the Montgomery bus boycott
11. Southern Christian Leadership Conference – SCLC coordinated civil rights protests across the South
12. Martin Luther King Jr. – leader of the Civil Rights movement
13. Little Rock Nine – the first students to integrate Central High with the assistance of the National Guard
14. Greensboro Sit-in – a protest at a lunch counter where people refused to move until their demands were met
15. March on Washington – huge demonstration held to build support for civil rights legislation
16. Civil Rights Act of 1964 – law that officially banned segregation in public places
17. Freedom Summer – Voter registration drive for Southern blacks
18. Voting Rights Act – banned literacy tests and other laws that kept blacks from registering to vote
19. Equal Rights Amendment – prohibited discrimination of the basis of sex
20. Pearsall Plan – a plan that allowed schools in North Carolina to close by majority rather than integrate
21. Busing – transporting children to different school districts to integrate the schools
22. Great Society - a program started by LBJ that provided help to the poor, the elderly, women, and also promoted education and outlawed discrimination