Research is a multi-faceted process, one that requires lots of decision making and involves much more than simply typing a question into Google. While this may seem intimidating at first, research projects can and should be broken down into smaller, more manageable tasks.
This handbook will guide you through every step of the research process. If you need more help, stop by the library or contact the librarian.
1. Manage time wisely
Because research projects are often spread out over the course of weeks, it is very important that students set deadlines and follow them. Reading, taking notes, citing sources, and synthesizing information takes more time than you think! Students who wait until the last minute to complete work are more likely to commit plagiarism.
2. Create a system for organizing materials
There are many pieces of information to juggle in a research project, so it very important to track ideas, sources, and citation information. There are tools to help you achieve this, such as NoodleTools. The important thing is to find a organizational method that works for you.
3. Engage with your sources
The purpose of research is to learn something new and gain perspective on a topic; it is not simply to list a source on a bibliography. You will only understand your topic when you read widely and deeply, and then process that information through writing and analysis in your notes. This deep understanding will be reflected in your final paper, presentation, or project.
4. Follow ethical guidelines in the use and presentation of information
In other words, give credit for ideas or work (including photos, music, video, or other media) that is not your own in both in-text citation and in your Works Cited page or bibliography. Also, it is important to follow copyright guidelines. Giving credit for work that is not yours is a scholarly and an ethical obligation. Unintentional plagiarism, while accidental, is still plagiarism.
5. Be persistent
Research is a messy process, and you have to be creative in your approach to finding information. Not everything is available on the internet, and sometimes you have to dig for relevant, quality information in multiple places. If you cannot find what you are looking for, seek help.
Research is a process, not a checklist to be completed in linear order. More often than not, it's necessary to revisit certain steps in order to address your research question with integrity. For example, you may find a source that contradicts what the rest of your sources are saying, which leads you to revise your original research question. Don't think of this as a setback! Good researchers know that the process takes time, and that it is important to be thorough and methodical. Your final paper or project will be that much stronger if you employ the research process effectively and take your time.