Division I (Grades 1-3) How matter and materials can be changed
Embedded Files
GRADE 1: Properties of natural & constructed objects.
GRADE 2: Properties of materials and purpose.
GRADE 3: Materials can be changed.
GRADE 1
How can properties of an object be altered?
Objects take up space and have mass.
Measurable properties of objects include
length -the measurement of something end to end.
area -the amount of flat surface covered by a shape.
mass -the amount of matter in an object.
The more matter an object contains, the more it will weigh.
Tools, such as balance scales and magnifying glasses, can be used to examine properties of objects and materials.
Properties that have the ability to be changed include:
size
length
shape
texture
Actions that physically change the properties of an object include:
bending
twisting
stretching
cutting
breaking
GRADE 2
How can the suitability of materials be determined?
Make observations & measurements to identify materials based on their properties.
Examples of materials are: wood, metal, plastic, glass, ceramics, synthetic fibres, composites, etc.
Properties of materials include: color, hardness, reflectivity, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, solubility, etc.
Natural materials are those that come from plants, animals, the land, or sky.
Processed materials are made by humans.
Materials are substances used to form objects.
The same object can be made from different materials.
Properties of materials that can be compared include
if light passes through (transparency)
absorption of water
if the material can be shaped (malleability)
if light is reflected (reflection)
length
mass
Many objects created by First Nations, Métis, and Inuit are made from natural materials, such as
Dene birchbark baskets
travois
Red River carts
canoes
Inuit scraping tools, such as an ulu
Knowledge of the properties of materials and their purpose is important in many occupations and roles, such as
carpenter
engineer
designer
Knowledge Keeper or Elder
GRADE 3
How can materials change?
Natural materials are any product or physical matter that comes directly from plants, animals, the land, or the sky.
Processed materials are modified from natural materials and do not occur in the natural world.
Processed materials have been designed and manufactured for a particular purpose.
First Nations, Métis, and Inuit communities respectfully use natural materials, such as
trees
rocks
ice
shells
plants
animals
First Nations, Métis, and Inuit communities use natural materials for particular purposes, such as
teepees
igloos
medicines
clothing
transportation
ceremonies
States of matter include solid, liquid, and gas.
Matter can change state if heated or cooled.
A solid is a state of matter that has a definite shape and volume.
A liquid is a state of matter that has a definite volume but no definite shape.
A liquid flows and takes the shape of the container it is in.
A gas is a state of matter that has neither definite shape nor definite volume.
A gas flows easily and expands to the size of the container it is in.
Volume is the amount of space a solid, liquid, or gas takes up.
Ways to lessen the amount and environmental impact of waste materials include
reducing
reusing
recycling
repurposing
repairing
Increased production and consumption of materials leads to increased production of waste materials.
Attractive forces between particles are strongest in solids and weakest in gases.
Melting is a change of state from solid to liquid.
The temperature at which a material changes from solid to liquid is called the melting point.
Freezing is a change of state from liquid to a solid.
The temperature at which a material changes from a liquid to a solid is called the freezing point.
Evaporation is a change of state from liquid to gas.
The temperature at which a material changes from liquid to gas is called the boiling point.
Condensation is a change of state from gas to liquid.
The melting and freezing points of materials are the same temperature.
because the melting point & freezing point describe the same transition of matter.
The melting/freezing point of water is 0ºC.
The boiling point of water is 100ºC.
Page updated
Report abuse