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Word recognition

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Phonology

Phonological awareness: group of skills that involve recognising parts of spoken words, such as identifying words that rhyme, counting syllables, alliteration, segmenting sentences into words, and phonemic awareness*.

*Phonemic awareness: the ability to notice and manipulate the individual sounds (phonemes - the smallest units of sound in language) that make up spoken words.

Image Source: Reading Rockets link

Reading: Phonological Awareness: by Tim Shanahan looking deeper into the role of Phonological awareness, interviewing both David Kilpatrick and Linea Ehri

David Kilpatrick - USA

Heggerty - USA

iDeaL Learning Approach - Learning Matters - NZ

Liz Kane Phonemic Awareness Assessment (free) - NZ

Phonics Plus Sound Cards Kākano - NZ Free

Sound Foundation Emma Nahna - NZ

assessment - free
classroom resources

Alphabetic principle

Sound-to-symbol-to-sound associations

The concept that letters and letter combinations represent the phonemes (sounds) of spoken language.

Image source: Reading Simplified link

Agility with Sound - SL & decodable books for older students

Emma Nahna - NZ

How to teach Writing, Spelling & Grammar by Dr Christine Braid - NZ

iDeaL Learning Approach - Learning Matters - NZ

Liz Kane The Code - NZ

ProjectRead - Decodable Reader Generator following the UFLI Scope and Sequence

Rachel Harvey NeuroDiverse Tutoring - NZ

Sounds Write Initial Code, Extended Code - NZ

Tātai Angitu - NZ Massey University

UFLI Toolbox (pronounced “you fly”) - USA

Wordchain - Agility with sound - NZ

Decoding

Decoding multisyllabic words

Reading expert Linda Farrell shows Xavier how to read and spell unfamiliar multisyllable words with one vowel letter in each syllable. First she makes sure that Xavier has three prerequisite skills: being able to read one-syllable nonsense words, knowing how to count syllables in spoken words, and naming the vowel letters. Xavier learns that every syllable has a vowel, and that he can count the vowel letters to break a long word into syllables to make it easy to read. To figure out how many syllables are in a word, Ms. Farrell teaches Xavier to ask two questions: How many vowels are in the word? Are the vowels together or apart?

This video is part of the Reading Rockets series, Looking at Reading Interventions. Watch episodes and download the accompanying Professional Development Guides here.

Sight recognition

Orthographic mapping and how all words eventually need to become sight words.

Sight Recognition

How do students go from sounding out every printed word to knowing sight words? The process of storing a word permanently in memory for instant retrieval is called orthographic mapping (Ehri, 2014, Kilpatrick, 2015). Research suggests that we scan every single letter of every word we read. Our brains use what we know about letter-sound relationships plus our awareness of speech sounds to map letter patterns and words together as units. These units are stored in long-term memory. (https://www.readingrockets.org)