Research
"Do research. Feed your talent."
– Robert McKee
"Do research. Feed your talent."
– Robert McKee
I am curious about the relationship between language, culture and society. My doctoral research was inspired by my observation of linguistic diversity in multilingual societies and my disconnection with Chinese community in the overseas context. I studied the linguistic landscape of the Chinese diaspora in Australia and showed how power, culture and place inform interpretation of linguistic and semiotic practices of people. My study challenges the rural-urban and online-offline boundaries in sociolinguistic research and advances an understanding of the heterogeneity within Chinese communities.
I have broad research interests in multilingualism across various contexts. I am intrigued by the diversity and fluidity of language practices in public, school, and family, as well as technology-mediated communicative contexts, such as translation technologies and social media. I am an analytical and curious researcher who is keen to experiment with interdisciplinary research methods and question their theoretical premises as applied to the analysis of languages.
Minority Languages in Hong Kong's Linguistic Landscape
This project examines minority languages in the linguistic landscape of Hong Kong from both a synchronic and diachronic perspective. The history of British colonialism and regional migration has contributed to the complex and diverse linguistic phenomena in this Asia's global city. The study will employ digital and data methods to examine the visibility of minority languages based on both historical and contemporary evidence. It aims to engage ethnic minority communities in creating inclusive urban spaces and inform policies on multiculturalism and multilingualism in the megapolis.
Linguistic Landscapes of Southwest China
This project focuses on the language practices and sociolinguistic realities in multi-ethnic neighbourhoods across Southwest China. Through extensive ethnographic fieldwork across tourism, community, and school contexts, the study aims to provide valuable insights into the challenges and opportunities faced by policymakers, grassroots community organisations, and ethnic minority residents in mitigating bias and conflict among ethnic groups through careful language planning in the linguistically diverse country.
Video Remote Interpreting for Equitable Healthcare
Australia has witnessed a surging use of video remote interpreting in medical consultations involving people from linguistically and culturally diverse backgrounds. This innovation in language services is to ensure the accessibility, effectiveness, and equity of patient care. However, health communication in hospital settings is a high-stakes context where various stakeholders’ opinions need to be engaged to fully understand the challenges and realities that shadow the linguistic quality of interpreting practices. This study aims to investigate how interpreters, health professionals, and language service managers working in the healthcare industry in Australia experience with video remote interpreting in the post-covid era.
Can we trust AI/machine translation of literature?
Although generative AI holds the promise of producing accurate, complete, nuanced, and human-like use of language, its utility in translation, especially Chinese-English literary translations, has been scarcely researched. Literary translation is often conceived the “last fortress” of human translation, and an area where the performance of (neural) machine translation is particularly controversial due to the lack of creativity, lexical, structural, pragmatic errors, and inconsistent stylistic features. Would generative AI models such as GPT perform at a comparable level with human translators in this regard?
Guest Editor
Sociolinguistic Studies Special Issue: Crossing the urban-rural border: Linguistic landscapes in Asia and Oceania, 2023
Co-Chair of Panel Session
"Linguistic Landscapes: Languages, Materialities and Identities" at Australian Linguistic Society Conference, 2021
Book Talk at School of Chinese, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (Video here)
Yao, X. (2025, March). Power, affect and identity in the linguistic landscape: Chinese communities in Australia and beyond. Routledge.
Keynote Speech at 2023 Victorian Chinese Language Teachers’ Conference, University of Melbourne, Australia
Gruba, P., & Yao, X. (2023, November). Moving theory into practice: From technology to linguistic landscapes in the language classroom.
Invited Seminar at 2024 Monash Linguistics Research Seminar Series, Monash University, Australia
Yao, X., & Nie, P. (2024, April). Translanguaging in the linguistic landscape: New scripts on Yi ethnicity students' handwritten signs in Liangshan, China.
I am open to opportunities for invited talks, research seminars and guest lectures in the broad areas of Applied Linguistics and Sociolinguistics. Please do not hesitate to get in touch via email xiaofang.yao@hku.hk !