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Harvard Referencing
Harvard Referencing
You must apply Harvard Referencing conventions to any written work that is informed by your research. You must provide a bibliography that includes ALL your reference sources in alphabetical order
Use a reference citation generator to find out the author and date of written reference sources:
In-text citations
In Harvard style, the author and year are cited in-text, and full details of the source are given in a reference list.
Example In-Text Citation [Genre Research Case Study]
The text below is from an article written by Dale Mablethorpe for popular culture magazine 'Far Out'. An 'in-text citation' (highlighted in blue) indicates the author's surname and the year the article was published.
The text below is from an article written by Dale Mablethorpe for popular culture magazine 'Far Out'. An 'in-text citation' (highlighted in blue) indicates the author's surname and the year the article was published.
At the end of the article, the author and date are shown again, but this time with the full reference source.
At the end of the article, the author and date are shown again, but this time with the full reference source.
Dave Grohl has cited Metallica as the band he wants to perform with the most. Their approach to heavy metal is hard hitting and exciting, which is something he has always looked for in the music he likes.
Dave Grohl has cited Metallica as the band he wants to perform with the most. Their approach to heavy metal is hard hitting and exciting, which is something he has always looked for in the music he likes.
“I love Lars Ulrich. He’s always been a huge influence,” he said, “I bought the first Metallica record the month it came out. I am a die-hard fan, and you will have to pry their CDs from my cold dead hands.” (Maplethorpe,2025)
Bibliography
Bibliography
Maplethorpe, D. (2025) Dave Grohl’s five favourite bands of all time, Far Out Magazine. Available at: https://faroutmagazine.co.uk/dave-grohls-five-favourite-bands/ (Accessed: 18 March 2025).
Maplethorpe, D. (2025) Dave Grohl’s five favourite bands of all time, Far Out Magazine. Available at: https://faroutmagazine.co.uk/dave-grohls-five-favourite-bands/ (Accessed: 18 March 2025).
The reference link above was generated using Cite This For Me: Harvard, APA, MLA Reference Generator
Link to useful website that explains how to Harvard Reference
Qualitative vs Quantitative Data Collection
Qualitative vs Quantitative Data Collection
Quantitative Data
Quantitative Data
This is numbers based, statistical data. It will provide factual information that can be measured.
This is numbers based, statistical data. It will provide factual information that can be measured.
Qualitative Data
Qualitative Data
This is data that doesn't consist of numbers or statistics. It might be opinions and ideas or feelings. The information will provide different perspectives on a particular concept.
This is data that doesn't consist of numbers or statistics. It might be opinions and ideas or feelings. The information will provide different perspectives on a particular concept.
For example
For example
A research project about a genre of music could use both Qualitative and Quantitative research methods.
A research project about a genre of music could use both Qualitative and Quantitative research methods.
Quantitative - research the number of people who listen to this genre on Spotify. Compare this to how many people listen to other genres, and you will have factual data about which is more popular.
Quantitative - research the number of people who listen to this genre on Spotify. Compare this to how many people listen to other genres, and you will have factual data about which is more popular.
Qualitative - interview someone who listens to this genre. Gather opinions and ideas about why it is popular.
Qualitative - interview someone who listens to this genre. Gather opinions and ideas about why it is popular.
Triangulation and Validity of Data
Triangulation and Validity of Data
Triangulation involves gathering data from multiple sources, in order to confirm its validity. Basically, it helps confirm whether the information is accurate!
Triangulation involves gathering data from multiple sources, in order to confirm its validity. Basically, it helps confirm whether the information is accurate!
For example...
For example...
- You may watch a YouTube video where someone explains how to tune a guitar.
- You might then read an article that also explains how to tune a guitar. If both of these sources say the same thing, you can be fairly confident that this is the right way to do it.
- To be even more certain, you could then ask a guitar teacher to show you how to tune a guitar. If he/she tunes the guitar in the same way as the above two sources, then you can be very confident that this is the best way to do it.
- THE DATA IS VALID!
Of course, there are grey areas. Each of the sources may say similar things, but might contain some differences in the process. In this case, you could add another source of research:
Of course, there are grey areas. Each of the sources may say similar things, but might contain some differences in the process. In this case, you could add another source of research:
CONDUCT AN EXPERIMENT - TUNE A GUITAR AND DECIDE FOR YOURSELF WHICH METHOD WORKS BEST.
CONDUCT AN EXPERIMENT - TUNE A GUITAR AND DECIDE FOR YOURSELF WHICH METHOD WORKS BEST.
Exploratory Research
Exploratory Research
Research 3 sources of information, relating to your project. These could be articles, videos, interviews etc...
Research 3 sources of information, relating to your project. These could be articles, videos, interviews etc...
In your blog, for each source, explain what you have found out.
In your blog, for each source, explain what you have found out.
Where you found the information (include URL)
What concepts have you discovered?
Any important terminology
Specific concepts you need to research in more depth
Be open minded, and don't make assumptions based on what you already know.
Be open minded, and don't make assumptions based on what you already know.
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