Aim 2
Referral and Linkage
Referral and Linkage
This aim focuses on the process involved in successful referrals which consists of identifying an at-risk client and mental health resources and services that would be beneficial to that client. Individuals working with mental health or human service entities (e.g., hospitals, private practitioners, behavioral health organizations) then link at-risk youth to mental health services. This process not only places emphasis on the importance of linking youth to services, but also emphasizes the importance of improving continuity of care strategies to ensure youth remain in needed services. This typically involves collaborating with the youth's family or other helping professionals, thus strengthening systems of care for at-risk youth. The following initiatives have been implemented as part of this aim:
Care Coordination Services
This is a collaborative process of assessment, planning, facilitation, care coordination, evaluation, and advocacy to find services that meet an individual's and family's comprehensive health care needs through the use of community resources. While care coordination services can be performed in a variety of ways, the ultimate goal is to optimize client functioning and prevent individuals from "falling through the cracks" of an uncoordinated system of care. Prior projects have created care coordination positions, such as a County Case Manager whose role was to monitor linkages over a 90-day period in order to ensure connections to services had been successfully established and maintained. Eventually on a different project, care coordination teams were created to assess suicide risk, link youth to services, and monitor care over an extended period of time. Two goals of these teams was to create and maintain cross-system care coordination teams that would collaborate with agencies and construct an evidence-based, suicide risk assessment and care coordination tool for use during assessment and follow-up processes.
The Linking Individuals Needing Care (LINC) Care Coordination Training
An innovative, research and consumer-informed program that provides enhanced training to care coordinators on how to provide wraparound service facilitation to at-risk youth and their families. While there are people who exist in the care coordination roles, a large number of these individuals lack the training and some of the elements that are potentially necessary for coordinating care for suicidal individuals. Thus, this training was developed in response to poor coordination and follow-up from identification and emergency services to treatment services. The program uses a community-based research approach which involves soliciting feedback and recommendations from care coordinators on what would help them better engage with a suicidal youth and what information would be pertinent to include in a training of this kind.
Publications
Gryglewicz, K., Peterson, A., Nam, E., Vance, M. M., Borntrager, L., & Karver, M. S. (2023). Caring Transitions – A Care Coordination Intervention to Reduce Suicide Risk Among Youth Discharged From Inpatient Psychiatric Hospitalization. Crisis: The Journal of Crisis Intervention and Suicide Prevention, 44(1), 7-13.
Vance, M., Borntrager, L., Gryglewicz, K., Nam, E., & Karver, M. (2023). Exploring Service Use Disparities among Suicidal Black Youth in A Suicide Prevention Care Coordination Intervention. Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities, 10(5), 2231-2243.
Bender, A., Schuck, A., Peterson, A., Rosler, M., Gryglewicz, K., & Karver, M. S. (2022). LINC to Life: Evaluation of a Safety Planning Training Program with Clinicians and Mental Health Staff. Archives of Suicide Research, 26(3), 1378-1394.
Presentations
Pandya, C. S., Evans, L, Webster, A., Wu, F., Diaz, E., Dennis, S., Gryglewicz, K., & Karver, M. (2025, April). Evaluating Changes in Cultural Competence Attitudes following Suicide Care Coordination Training: Role of Content Depth. Presentation to the 4th annual meeting of the virtual Suicide Research Symposium.
Karver, M. S., Le, K., Webster, A., Schuck, A., & Cao, E. (2024, January). Suicide Prevention: Where we have been and new directions. Keynote Speaker Presentation to the 6th annual meeting of the virtual Activist Lab Boot Camp.
Bohn, J., Karver, M., Roggenbaum, S., Sever, A., & Agrawal, K. (2024, January). Suicide Prevention Panel. Panel discussion member at the 6th annual meeting of the virtual Activist Lab Boot Camp.
Borntrager, L., Gryglewicz, K., Vance, M., Nam, E., & Karver, M.S. (2022). Exploring Barriers and Facilitators to Service Engagement and Utilization Among Black Youth at High-Risk for Suicide. Paper presented at the Society for Social Work and Research 26th Annual Conference, Washington, DC.
Vance, M., Borntrager, L., Gryglewicz, K., Nam, E., & Karver, M. (2021, April). Examining Barriers to Service Engagement and Utilization Among Black Youth at High-Risk for Suicide. Paper presented to the 54th annual meeting of the American Association of Suicidology, Orlando, Fl.
Peterson, A., Gryglewicz, K., Nam, E., Karver, M. (2020, April). Lowering Suicide Risk in Youth Minority Populations: An Evaluation of the Linking Individuals Need Care Program. Paper virtually presented to the 53rd annual meeting of the American Association of Suicidology, Portland, OR.
Schuck, A., Bender, A., Sullivan, B., Gryglewicz, K., Karver, M. (2020, April). LINC to Life: Can we increase mental health professional confidence and competence in keeping suicidal clients safe? Poster virtually presented to the 53rd annual meeting of the American Association of Suicidology, Portland, OR.
Karver, M.S. (2019, December). Suicide Prevention: Research and Recommendations for Working with At-risk Youth. Invited paper presented for the annual David Gallagher Memorial Lecture at the NYU Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Grand Rounds, New York, NY.
Peterson, A., Berkevich, B., Ruoss, A., Witmeier, M., Brown, L., Steding, L., Gryglewicz., K., & Karver, M. (2018, April). Care Coordination in the Prevention of Youth Suicide: The LINC Training. Paper presented at the 51st annual meeting of the American Association of Suicidology, Washington, D.C.
Gryglewicz, K., & Karver, M. (2018, March). Linking Individuals Needing Care (LINC): A Care Transition Model of Care for Suicidal Youth. Invited paper presented at the SAMHSA Suicide Prevention Conference, Washington, DC.
Karver, M. S., Monahan, M., & Peterson, A. (2017, November). Suicide Prevention is not Baseball: You can build it… but they may not get there. Paper presented at the Clinical Psychology Area Brown Bag, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.
Kaniuka, A. R., Chen, J. I., Romero, G. D., Gryglewicz, K., Labouliere, C. D., Elzy, M. B., Witmeier, M. N., & Karver, M. S. (2014, April). Factors related to adolescent referral intentions of at-risk suicidal peers. Poster presented at the American Association of Suicidology Conference, Los Angeles, CA.
Romero, G., Ornelas, A., Elzy, M., Gryglewicz, K., Labouliere, C., Brown, R., Kutash, K., Witmeier, M., & Karver, M. S. (2012, April). Distinguishing types of knowledge and the relationship to behavioral intentions and referral behavior. Paper presented at the American Association of Suicidology Conference, Baltimore, MD.
Karver, M. S., Brown, R., Gryglywicz, K., Witmeier, M., Elzy, M., Dean, M., Labouliere, C., Jordan-Arthur, B., Chen, J., & Kutash, K. (2011, October). Florida's Suicide Prevention Plan: Does it work?. Invited workshop presented at the 2011 Florida Prevention Conference, Orlando, FL.
Tarquini, S. J., Labouliere, C. D., Totura, C. M. Wienke, Kutash, K., & Karver, M. S. (2008, February). Decreasing adolescent suicidality through a multiple component suicide prevention program: Linking adolescents at risk to mental health services. Poster presented at the 21st annual meeting of the Florida Mental Health Institute’s System of Care for Children’s Mental Health: Expanding the Research Base, Tampa, FL.
Tarquini, S. J., Labouliere, C. D., Totura, C. M. Wienke, Kutash, K., & Karver, M. S. (2007, December). A SAMHSA initiative: The evaluation of a multiple component suicide prevention program. Poster presented at the SAMHSA/CMHS Youth Suicide Prevention Conference, Portland, OR.
Tarquini, S. J., Labouliere, C. D., Totura, C. M. Wienke, Kutash, K., & Karver, M. S. (2007, November). A SAMHSA initiative: The evaluation of a multiple component suicide prevention program. Poster presented at the Governor’s Office of Drug Control and the Statewide Office of Suicide Prevention’s 2007 Florida Suicide Prevention Conference, Tampa, FL.