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What is it?
Renal cell cancer (adenocarcinoma) is a type of cancer that occurs in the kidneys when malignant or cancerous cells that originate in the renal cortex appear. It is the most frequent type of carcinoma of the kidney: approximately twelve new cases are registered per year per 100,000 inhabitants.
According to urologist in Noida, it is found around 2-3 percent of malignant tumors in adults. It is more common after age 50 and twice as many cases occur in men than in women.
Causes
The direct causes that cause this type of cancer are unknown. But, according to urologist in Delhi, there are a number of risk factors that affect the propensity to suffer from it:
- Tobacco: it is one of the most dangerous risk factors since it multiplies by two the chances of this cancer.
- Obesity: it is also a risk factor to consider, its direct relationship with kidney carcinoma has been demonstrated.
- High-fat diet: this cause is closely related to the previous one, a diet high in fat and with little presence of fruits and vegetables will favor the tumor.
- Cadmium exposure: There are studies that relate this material to kidney cancer. Working with paints, welding materials or batteries also increases the risk.
- Kidney diseases: those patients who find their renal function reduced due to chronic kidney disease or who have been receiving long-term dialysis are also more likely to suffer from it.
- Genetic factors: some genetic diseases, such as von Hippel-Lindau disease, a genetic syndrome that alters blood vessels, or tuberous sclerosis, which involves the formation of abnormal masses in some body cells, may also predispose the patient to develop cancer of kidney
Symptom
According to urologist in Ghaziabad, the most common symptoms of kidney cancer are: the presence of blood in the urine (usually the most frequent), pain in the lower back and the appearance of a lump in the abdomen.
In addition to these three main symptoms, others may appear, such as weight loss, lack of appetite, general tiredness, anemia and fever.
Due to the proximity of the kidney to the adrenal gland, it can sometimes be accompanied by hormonal changes that cause hypertension, increased blood viscosity, enlarged breasts in the male or increased calcium in the blood.
Kidney cancer can metastasize to regional lymph nodes, lungs, liver, bones and brain.
Prevention
In people with a family history of renal tumors, the best urologist in Noida recommends that they go for an abdominal ultrasound every 4 or 5 years after age 40.
Other methods to prevent the onset of kidney cancer are: quit smoking, maintain a normal blood pressure and a healthy body weight thanks to a diet low in fat and high in fruits and vegetables.
Types
- Renal cell cancer: it is the most common, cancer cells form in the tubules of the kidney.
- Transitional cell cancer of the renal pelvis and ureter: when malignant cells form in the renal pelvis and ureter.
- Wilms tumor: they form in the kidneys of children and adolescents under 15 years. Among childhood kidney cancers it is the majority.
Diagnosis
According to the best urologist in Ghaziabad, a large part of the renal tumors (40 percent) that are diagnosed today are by chance thanks to an ultrasound or abdominal CT scan done for any other reason. The different procedures used to diagnose this disease are:
- Interview and medical exploration.
- Blood and urine tests: both are necessary to be able to clarify certain symptoms such as anemia or any type of renal function disorder.
- Renal ultrasound: uses ultrasound to see the structure and abnormalities of the kidney and urinary tract.
- Intravenous pyelography ( IVP ): through radiographs with a urinary contrast, it is possible to see if there are obstructions in the kidneys, ureters and bladder, due to the presence of a lump or tumor.
- Computed tomography (CT): They are x-rays in sections to see all the structures of the abdomen. An MRI can also be done.
- Biopsy: by removing the tumor tissue, it can be determined if there are malignant cells. It serves to confirm the diagnosis and to adapt the treatment correctly to the pathology.
Treatments
Surgery
Within the surgical kidney cancer treatment in Delhi we find:
- Radical nephrectomy: procedure by which the entire kidney, surrounding tissue and some nearby lymph nodes are removed.
- Partial nephrectomy: the tumor and part of the surrounding tissue are removed, preserving healthy kidney tissue.
Radiotherapy
Radiation therapy is used to kill cancer cells by directing radiation to the localized area of the tumor. In renal cancers it is often used as treatment of character palliative or as a complementary to surgery for kidney cancer treatment in Noida. Although it is not shown in clinical studies to help eliminate resection margins.
Biological therapy
Immunotherapy is a type of kidney cancer treatment in Ghaziabad to stimulate the ability of the immune system and thus fight cancer. It is achieved by the administration of classic cytokines (Interleukin 2 or Interferon a) and has proven clinical efficacy.
Chemotherapy
The chemotherapy is a cancer treatment by drugs that interrupt the growth of cancer cells, eliminating or preventing their multiplication. The cancer of renal cells resistant to chemotherapy.
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