American Tattoos: Background and Designs
American Tattoos: Background and Designs
Background
American traditional - or also known as "old school" - tattooing is one of the most enduring and recognizable styles in the world with a fascinating history that spans centuries. Emerging during the era of maritime exploration, these tattoo designs became markers of identity for sailors who lived adventurous lives out at sea. Each design tells a story and has meaning - memories of distant journeys, a wish for safe passage, or just symbols of pride and belonging. Over time, these early maritime designs developed into what we now call American traditional or old school tattooing.
Characterized by bold lines, solid colors, and timeless imagery, this style of tattooing has gained widespread popularity far beyond its nautical roots. Designs pay homage to past traditions and lifestyles while also reflecting present realities and future aspirations - connecting generations through shared symbols.
Beyond mere body art, American traditional tattoos are a form of storytelling. Each eagle, ship, swallow, or snake carries a myriad of meaning, connecting wearers to the heritage of this style. Whilst nautical themes remain central designs, over time, people have begun to incorporate their own ideas into this style, crafting interesting and unique designs that tell their own stories.
The images above (taken during a tattoo session) depict an alligator (in American Traditional style), showcasing how designs can be adapted. For example, a tattoo may be chosen based on its shape and location on the body. As it can be seen, the available space on the human canvas can determine the design and style of a tattoo. Photos by M. Sudhir Selvaraj
Iconic Designs
Listed below are some iconic and recognizable designs related to the American Traditional style. The photos are excerpted (with permission) from Old School Tattoo Colouring Book by Chris Lambert (from Snake and Tiger).
Photo by Chris Lambert & Custom Plugs
The eagle is one of the most powerful and recognizable symbols of American traditional tattooing. As the emblem for the United States of America, it symbolized strength, freedom, and independence. There is more to this design that just partiotism - the eagle represents courage, clear vision, and the drive to rise above challenges. With its sharp eyes and soaring wings, the eagle is a prominent symbol and reminder to look ahead, think clearly, and chase our goals without fear.
Ship tattoos are deeply rooted in maritime history. Historically, sailors would earn a ship tattoo after making it around the treacherous Cape Horn - as a badge of honor. The design does go beyond its literal meaning. A ship at sea repesents adventure, exploration, and resilience - a life that is spent navigating through calm waters and through rough and raging storms. For many, the ship has become a metaphor for life itself: when things get tough, you keep steering forward with grace and courage. The ship is a classic design that embodies both the excitement of travel and the wisdom that comes from completed journeys.
Photo by Chris Lambert & Custom Plugs
Photo by Chris Lambert & Custom Plugs
The lighthouse has long been regarded as a beacon of safety and hope for sailors out on open water. It is a symbol of guidance and protection - a light that helps sailors find their way home. Many saw the lighthouse as a good luck charm or even a mark of respect for surviving tough journeys. Beyond its nautical roots, the lighthouse reminds us to stay grounded and keep faith during dark times. It is a symbol of perseverance - of holding onto the light that helps you through life's storms.
Very few designs are as iconic in American traditional as the swallow. Sailors would earn a swallow on their homecoming after travelling 5,000 nautical miles. The meaning of the swallow has come to represent love, loyalty, luck, and the promise of homecoming. As birds always return home year after year, swallows symbolize the idea that no matter how far you travel, there is always somewhere - and someone - to return to.
Swallows have also been associated with legends such as that if a sailor dies as sea, their soul would be carried home by through tattooed swallows. As a design, swallows are a timeless image of freedom, safe passage, hope, and luck.
Photo by Chris Lambert & Custom Plugs
Photo by Chris Lambert & Custom Plugs
The snake is a bold and dynamic design, oftentimes linked to bravery, transformation and protection. A coiled, ready-to-strike snake can also serve as a warning — a “don’t tread on me” statement of strength and self-defense. Snakes were especially popular among sailors and servicemen, representing courage, masculinity, and a willingness to face danger head-on. Whether chosen as a protective charm or a symbol of personal change, the snake remains one of the most striking and meaningful designs in the American traditional style.
Learn More
Do you want to learn more about American Traditional Style tattoos? We have curated some resources for you.
Magra (2007). Faith at Sea: Exploring Maritime Religiosity in the Eighteenth Century.
Mun et al. (2012). Tattoo and the Self.
Ferreira (2014). Becoming a Heavily Tattooed Young Body: From a Bodily Experience to a Body Project.