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1) Introducing, Creation of the forms, improtance of Poomsae 14) 5th Poomsae(ITF) 27) 9th Poomsae(WT)

2)General choi hong hi 15) 6th Poomsae(ITF) 28) tutorial links

3) Grandmaster Nam tae hi 16)7 th Poomsae(ITF)

4) Han cha kyo 17) 8 th Poomsae(ITF)

5) Woo jong lim 18) 9 th Poomsae(ITF)

6)Importance of poomsae 19) 1st Poomsae (WT)

7) Poomsae Uniforms 20) 2nd poomsae(WT)

8) Two Paths of poomsae: ITF and WT 21) 3rd Poomsae(WT)

9) Poomsae in competition 22) 4th Poomsae(WT)

10) 1st Poomsae(ITF) 23) 5th Poomsae(WT)

11) 2nd Poomsae(ITF) 24)6th poomsae(WT)

12) 3rd Poomsae (ITF) 25) 7th Poomsae(WT)

13) 4th Poomsae(ITF) 26) 8th poomsae(WT)

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Poomsae 1 (WT)

Poomsae 2 (WT)

Poomsae 3 (WT)

The Architects of Poomsae :

poomsae or "forms," are the very heart of Taekwon-Do. They are a pre-arranged series of defensive and offensive movements performed against an imaginary opponent. More than just a choreographed sequence, each poomsae is a living record of the art, designed to teach a student proper technique, balance, and focus. Poomsae is where the theory of Taekwon-Do is put into practice, allowing a practitioner to develop their skills and discipline in a consistent and repeatable way.

The Creation of the Forms

The forms of Taekwon-Do were meticulously created in the late 1950s and early 1960s. They were not the work of one individual, but were developed by the founder, General Choi Hong Hi, and a team of his most dedicated and senior masters. This group, which included Grandmaster Nam Tae Hi, Grandmaster Han Cha Kyo,Grandmaster Woo Jong Lim, and Grandmaster Park Jung Tae, poured their knowledge into crafting each pattern. Their goal was to create a comprehensive system that would preserve the art's original techniques and philosophy for future generations.

Meaning and Importance

Each poomsae is imbued with a specific philosophy or historical meaning. The patterns are named after figures from Korean history, or concepts from Eastern philosophy, and the number of movements in each form often has a symbolic significance. By practicing these forms, a student learns not only the physical techniques but also the history and spirit of Taekwon-Do. This connection to the art's origins is what makes poomsae a vital part of every practitioner's journey, from the first white belt to the highest grandmaster.

About the masters who were 'architects' of poomsae:

General Choi Hong Hi:

General Choi Hong Hi: The Father of Taekwon-Do, and the ultimate architect behind the creation and philosophy of its forms. His creation of poomsae was a monumental effort to codify the art of Taekwon-Do, ensuring that its core principles would not be lost over time. He believed that the forms were a living record of the art

General Choi Hong Hi

General Choi Hong Hi is recognized as the founder of Taekwon-Do, but his vision extended far beyond just creating a new martial art. He was the ultimate architect and guiding force behind the creation of its forms, or poomsae. Driven by a desire to create a system that was both physically powerful and uniquely Korean, he synthesized techniques from his experience in Karate and other martial arts to form the basis of a new art. He believed that the forms were the soul of Taekwon-Do, a way to preserve its techniques and philosophy for every generation.

The meticulous creation of poomsae was a monumental effort. Under General Choi's direction, a core group of his most senior and dedicated masters worked tirelessly to craft each form. He personally oversaw the development of every pattern, ensuring that each movement was precise and had a clear purpose. His goal was to create a comprehensive system that not only taught students to block and strike but also imbued them with a deeper understanding of the art.

General Choi was committed to making Taekwon-Do a complete cultural entity. He gave each form a name steeped in Korean history and philosophy, turning each pattern into a moving story of perseverance and national identity. He chose the number of movements to be symbolic, linking them to key historical dates or figures. This attention to detail ensured that practicing poomsae was not just a physical exercise, but a lesson in history and morality.

Grandmaster Nam Tae Hi was one of the earliest students of General Choi and an indispensable partner in the development of Taekwon-Do's forms. His legendary technical skill and deep understanding of the art helped translate the concepts of poomsae into the precise and powerful movements practiced by students today.

Grandmaster Nam Tae Hi is a legendary figure often called the "Father of Vietnamese Taekwon-Do," but his contributions to the art's forms are just as monumental. As one of General Choi Hong Hi's earliest and most skilled students, he was a core member of the original Taekwon-Do demonstration teams that traveled the world. His incredible technical skill and deep understanding of the art made him a direct and indispensable collaborator in the development of poomsae.

Working closely with General Choi, Grandmaster Nam helped translate the theoretical concepts of the new martial art into the physical movements and patterns we know today. His role was crucial in crafting the precise blocking, striking, and kicking sequences that form the foundation of each poomsae. He helped turn abstract ideas into a tangible, repeatable curriculum that could be taught and passed on to future generations of students.

hrough his tireless work on the demonstration teams, he didn't just perform the forms; he helped solidify them as the core of Taekwon-Do's curriculum. His expertise ensured that the forms were not only elegant but also powerful and practical for combat application. His legacy is etched into every single movement of the original patterns.

Grandmaster Han Cha Kyo

Grandmaster Han Cha Kyo was the master who meticulously documented and systematized poomsae. His crucial work ensured that the forms were consistent and logical, allowing the art to be taught and understood by students all over the world.

Grandmaster Han Cha Kyo was a crucial figure in the systematization of poomsae, a role that was essential for the art's global expansion. As a key member of the original masters' group, his expertise ensured that the forms were consistent and could be taught to a global audience. While others focused on the dynamic physical techniques, his role was to meticulously document each movement, ensuring that every pattern was logical, repeatable, and universally understandable.

He worked tirelessly alongside General Choi to codify the forms, creating a uniform curriculum that could be taught in Korea, the United States, Europe, and beyond. This meticulous attention to detail helped to prevent variations and confusion as the art was introduced to new cultures and new students. His contributions created a shared foundation that allowed Taekwon-Do to grow into the unified martial art it is today.

Grandmaster Woo Jong Lim

Grandmaster Woo Jong Lim was a key member of the original demonstration teams that traveled with General Choi. His work as a teacher and ambassador was vital in introducing poomsae to countries around the world, making him a central figure in the art's global expansion.

Grandmaster Woo Jong Lim

A highly skilled pioneer, Grandmaster Woo Jong Lim was instrumental in bringing Taekwon-Do and its forms to a global audience. He was a key member of the original Taekwon-Do demonstration teams, traveling extensively with General Choi Hong Hi to introduce the new martial art to countries around the world. His role was not just to perform, but to serve as a teacher and ambassador, helping to establish the art in places like Malaysia, Singapore, and Canada.

Grandmaster Woo’s contribution to poomsae was in the practical, real-world application of the forms. As he taught the newly created patterns to thousands of new students, he helped refine them, ensuring they were not only powerful and elegant but also practical and effective for all levels of students. His work on the front lines of Taekwon-Do’s international expansion helped solidify poomsae as a cornerstone of the art in every culture.

The Importance of Poomsae

While the public often associates Taekwon-Do with powerful kicks and Olympic-style sparring, the true essence of the art is found in its forms, or poomsae. These pre-arranged sequences of movements against an imaginary opponent are far more than just choreographed routines. They are the living record of the art, designed to teach a student how to truly become a martial artist by mastering themselves before they ever master an opponent.

Poomsae is the key to mastering the physical fundamentals. It is a training method that requires absolute precision in every movement. By practicing a form, a student hones their balance, perfects their stance, and refines the power in their blocks and strikes. The constant repetition builds crucial muscle memory, ensuring that the techniques become instinctual. It also teaches proper breathing control and body mechanics, which are essential for generating maximum power and maintaining endurance in both a real-life situation and a competition.

Beyond the physical, poomsae is a journey of mental and spiritual development. The long, methodical process of learning and perfecting a form is an exercise in immense discipline and concentration. It demands that a student focus completely on the task at hand, blocking out distractions and pushing past mental fatigue. This training in perseverance and self-control is a powerful lesson that extends far beyond the dojang, helping a practitioner to develop the mental fortitude needed to succeed in all aspects of life. Poomsae is a form of moving meditation, a time for a student to connect their mind, body, and spirit.

Finally, poomsae is an unbroken link to the history and philosophy of Taekwon-Do. Each form is imbued with a specific meaning, from historical legends to tenets of Korean philosophy. The names and number of movements in each pattern are not random; they are a symbolic language that tells a story. When a student practices a form, they are not just performing a sequence of moves—they are connecting with the very principles and vision of the pioneers who created the art. This link to the past is what keeps the traditions of Taekwon-Do alive and ensures its legacy will continue for generations to come.

The Poomsae Uniform: A Symbol of Tradition

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The Taekwon-Do uniform, known as a dobok, is a powerful symbol that goes far beyond simple clothing. It represents tradition, humility, and the practitioner's commitment to the art. While a basic white dobok is worn for general training and sparring, the uniform worn for poomsae, especially in competition, is a specific and highly symbolic piece of attire that reflects a student's rank and the formal nature of the forms. The dobok is designed to be plain and functional, allowing a student to focus on their movements without distractions.

Dobok Styles and Collar Colors

There are two main styles of doboks. The most common is the V-neck uniform. The color of the collar on a V-neck dobok signifies a practitioner's rank. A black collar is worn by all black belts, symbolizing a mastery of the basic curriculum and a new beginning on the journey toward true mastery. For junior students, a poom or red-and-black collar is worn by those under the age of 15 who have achieved a black belt rank. This color signifies that they have the skill of a black belt but are still developing in age and maturity. The red collar is worn for general practice and a master who has achieved a certain rank.

Competition Poomsae Uniforms

In international competitions, the dobok for poomsae is different and more elaborate. While the pants remain white, the top often changes color to reflect the competitor’s rank. This change creates a more visually dynamic performance for judges and spectators. The color of the top is often dictated by specific governing body rules, but generally, black belt competitors wear a black collar and a variety of shirt colors such as white, black, or blue. These specialized uniforms signify the formality and artistry of the poomsae competition.

The Belt and Its Meaning

The belt worn with the uniform is arguably the most important element, representing a student's dedication and progress. Each belt color holds a specific meaning, from the white belt of the beginner to the black belt of the master. It is a visual representation of a practitioner's journey through the ranks. The belt is never washed, symbolizing that the student's journey and training are carried on the belt. The belt starts and ends at the waist and should be tied in a double knot, showing the student is ready to train.

The Two Paths of Poomsae: ITF vs. WT

The two major styles of Taekwon-Do, ITF (International Taekwon-Do Federation) and WT (World Taekwondo), each have their own distinct sets of forms. While both serve to preserve the art, they differ in philosophy, movement, and purpose. Understanding these differences is essential for any serious practitioner or student of the art.

International Taekwon-Do Federation (ITF)

In ITF, the forms are called Tuls (or "patterns"). There are 24 Tuls in total, a number chosen to symbolize the 24 hours of a day. The key principle of ITF forms is sinewave motion, a rising and falling movement of the body that creates momentum and power. The movements are designed to be practical, and the Tuls are named after significant figures from Korean history, giving each form a deep, historical meaning. The emphasis is on power generation through body mechanics and a clear execution of each technique.

World Taekwondo (WT)

In WT, the forms are called Poomsae. The WT system uses two main sets of forms. The first, for color belts, is the Taegeuk series , which represents the eight fundamental symbols of the universe. The second, for black belts, are the forms named after significant Korean masters and philosophical concepts. WT Poomsae is known for its dynamic, fluid movements, with a focus on strong, low stances and powerful kicks. In competition, WT forms are judged on balance, power, and the overall rhythm of the performance.

The main difference between the two styles is their approach to movement. ITF focuses on a "sine wave" for power, while WT emphasizes strong, deep stances and fluid transitions between movements. Both are powerful and beautiful in their own way, and both have the same ultimate purpose: to teach the true essence of Taekwon-Do.

Poomsae in Competition: Beyond the Dojang

While poomsae is a solitary art, practiced alone against an imaginary opponent, it is also a dynamic and exciting competitive sport. Major international competitions give practitioners a platform to showcase their skill, precision, and artistry. These events are a powerful testament to the athleticism and beauty of poomsae, drawing thousands of competitors and spectators from around the globe.

World Taekwondo (WT) Championships

The World Taekwondo Poomsae Championships is the most prestigious event in the sport. Organized by World Taekwondo, this tournament gathers the best poomsae competitors from over 100 countries. Athletes are judged on a number of criteria, including power, accuracy, speed, and rhythm. The tournament's atmosphere is electric, with athletes performing their forms on center stage with incredible focus and grace.

The Olympics

While poomsae is not yet an Olympic medal sport, it has been a part of the Olympic program as a demonstration event. The inclusion of poomsae in the Olympics is a major goal for many federations, and the sport has a strong following. The precision and artistry of poomsae would make it a perfect fit for the Olympic stage.

This section adds a huge amount of value to your page. It shows your visitors that poomsae is a big deal, and it gives them something to aspire to beyond just earning their next belt.

Poomsae in Ceremonial Demonstrations

Beyond competition, poomsae is also widely used in opening ceremonies and large-scale public demonstrations to showcase the beauty and power of Taekwon-Do. These demonstrations often involve hundreds of students performing forms in perfect, unified sync. It's a breathtaking display of discipline, coordination, and teamwork. These large-scale performances are a powerful way to inspire audiences and to show the world the true spirit of Taekwon-Do.

The first Poomsae: Chon -ji >

Poomsae 1: Chon-Ji (천지)

Chon-Ji, which literally translates to "Heaven and Earth," is the first poomsae a student learns. The name has deep roots in Eastern philosophy, symbolizing the creation of the world and the beginning of all things. In this form, heaven represents the sky and earth represents the ground. The pattern itself is a simple plus sign, representing the four directions of north, south, east, and west, as well as the beginning of a student’s journey in Taekwon-Do.

Chon-Ji is made up of two parts: one part represents Heaven, and the other part represents Earth. The 19 movements in the form are designed to teach the most basic but fundamental skills of the art: a low block, a middle punch, and the two most common stances (the walking stance and the L-stance). It is the foundation upon which all other poomsae are built.

For most students, Chon-Ji is the first poomsae required for a belt promotion test. It is typically the key requirement for advancing from a white belt to a yellow belt. Mastering this form is a significant milestone that proves a student has committed to their training and is ready to move beyond basic warm-ups into the more structured and philosophical side of Taekwon-Do.

The Second Poomsae: Dan Gun

The Dan-Gun poomsae is a cornerstone of the Taekwon-Do curriculum, named in honor of the legendary founder of Korea, Dan-Gun Wanggeom. According to Korean folklore, he founded the first Korean kingdom in 2333 BC. This name symbolizes a new stage of development for the Taekwon-Do student, much like Dan-Gun's founding of a nation. The form's 21 movements are said to represent the 21st century, looking forward to a new era for both Korea and Taekwon-Do.

The pattern of the form is a strong "I" shape, which symbolizes the powerful and stable foundation of a nation. This form is a critical step for a student as it introduces more complex movements and requires a deeper level of focus. It builds on the basic fundamentals learned in Chon-Ji by incorporating new types of blocks and more precise stances. The Dan-Gun form teaches a student how to defend against more varied attacks and transition between movements with greater fluidity.

This poomsae is most often the key requirement for a student's transition from a yellow belt to a green belt. Mastering it proves that a student has a firm grasp of the foundational blocks and punches and is ready to expand their skills. The form introduces the knife hand block (sonkal makgi) and a new, important stance: the annun sogi (sitting stance). The sitting stance, in particular, is a new challenge that teaches a student to build core strength and maintain perfect balance while rooted to the ground.

The third Poomsae: Do-san

The Do-San poomsae is a pivotal form in a student’s journey, named in honor of the great Korean patriot and educator Ahn Chang Ho (1878-1938). Known by his pen name Do-San, he dedicated his life to promoting education, independence, and social reform for the Korean people during the Japanese occupation. The form's movements and its pattern reflect his unwavering commitment to his country. This poomsae represents his lifelong struggle and resilience against oppression, symbolizing the practitioner's own new level of dedication and perseverance.

The form consists of 24 movements, a number that symbolizes Do-San's lifelong effort for Korean independence. The pattern of the form is a powerful horizontal line, which represents a student's journey from one side of the dojang to the other. Do-San introduces a number of new, more challenging techniques that require greater control and power. Students will be introduced to the reverse punch (bandae jirugi) and will use more complex stances and blocks. It also includes the difficult W-shape block (annun sogi) which requires a high level of concentration and strength to perform correctly.

This poomsae is the key requirement for a student's promotion from a green belt to a blue belt. By this point, a practitioner has a solid foundation in the basics, and Do-San is the form that truly begins to test their ability to transition smoothly between techniques, generate power from their hips, and maintain perfect balance. Mastering this form proves that a student is not just memorizing movements, but is beginning to understand the deeper principles and philosophy of Taekwon-Do.

Poomsae 4: Won-Hyo (원효)

The Won-Hyo poomsae is named in honor of the renowned Buddhist monk and scholar, Won-Hyo (617-686 AD), a key figure in Korean history. He was a pivotal figure who played a significant role in spreading Buddhism throughout Korea during the Silla Dynasty. The form is named after him to honor his contributions to philosophy and his quest for spiritual enlightenment. This poomsae represents a student's own philosophical and physical growth, symbolizing their new understanding of the deeper meaning of Taekwon-Do.

The form consists of 28 movements, a number that signifies Won-Hyo's quest for enlightenment and his dedication to his teachings. The pattern of the form is a powerful horizontal line that mirrors the path of a student's journey. Won-Hyo is the first poomsae to introduce the twin knife-hand block (sonkal makgi), a technique that requires a high level of coordination and precision. The form also features a twin fist punch and a jump kick, requiring a greater level of balance and athletic ability.

This poomsae is the key requirement for a student's promotion from a blue belt to a red belt. By this point, a practitioner has a strong foundation in the basics, and Won-Hyo is the form that truly begins to test their ability to transition smoothly between complex techniques. Mastering this form proves that a student is not just memorizing movements, but is beginning to understand the deeper principles and philosophy of Taekwon-Do.

Poomsae 5- Yul-Gok:

The Yul-Gok poomsae is a pivotal form named in honor of the great Korean philosopher and scholar, Yi I (1536-1584), who was also known by his pen name Yul-Gok. He was a foundational figure in Korean history, and his philosophical principles continue to influence thought today. The form's 38 movements are said to represent his birthplace at 38 degrees latitude and the two diagrams at the top and bottom of the form symbolize the scholar. This poomsae represents a student's own philosophical and physical growth, symbolizing their new understanding of the deeper meaning of Taekwon-Do.

The form introduces a variety of new, more challenging techniques that require greater control and power. Students will be introduced to the reverse punch (bandae jirugi) and will use more complex stances and blocks. It also includes the difficult W-shape block (annun sogi) which requires a high level of concentration and strength to perform correctly. The pattern of the form is a strong horizontal line, which represents a student's journey from one side of the dojang to the other.

This poomsae is a core requirement for a student's promotion from a red belt to a black stripe. By this point, a practitioner has a solid foundation in the basics, and Yul-Gok is the form that truly begins to test their ability to transition smoothly between techniques, generate power from their hips, and maintain perfect balance. Mastering this form proves that a student is not just memorizing movements, but is beginning to understand the deeper principles and philosophy of Taekwon-Do.

Poomsae 6: Joong-Gun (중근)

The Joong-Gun poomsae is named in honor of the legendary Korean patriot, An Joong-Gun (1879-1910), a key figure in the Korean independence movement. He is revered for assassinating Ito Hirobumi, the first Japanese Resident-General of Korea. The 32 movements of the form represent his age when he was executed at the prison in Lui-Shung. The pattern of the form is a powerful horizontal line, which represents a student's journey from one side of the dojang to the other.

This poomsae is a pivotal form in a student’s journey, and it introduces a number of new, more challenging techniques that require greater control and power. Students will be introduced to the reverse punch (bandae jirugi) and will use more complex stances and blocks. It also includes the difficult W-shape block (annun sogi) which requires a high level of concentration and strength to perform correctly.

This poomsae is the key requirement for a student's promotion from a red belt to a black stripe. By this point, a practitioner has a solid foundation in the basics, and Joong-Gun is the form that truly begins to test their ability to transition smoothly between techniques, generate power from their hips, and maintain perfect balance. Mastering this form proves that a student is not just memorizing movements, but is beginning to understand the deeper principles and philosophy of Taekwon-Do.

Poomsae 7: Toi-Gye (퇴계)

The Toi-Gye poomsae is named in honor of the great Korean scholar and philosopher, Yi Hwang (1501-1570), who was also known by his pen name Toi-Gye. He was a foundational figure in Korean history, and his philosophical principles continue to influence thought today. The form's 37 movements represent his birthplace at 37 degrees latitude and his profound contribution to philosophy. This poomsae represents a student's own philosophical and physical growth, symbolizing their new understanding of the deeper meaning of Taekwon-Do.

This poomsae is a core requirement for a student's promotion from a red belt to a black stripe. By this point, a practitioner has a solid foundation in the basics, and Toi-Gye is the form that truly begins to test their ability to transition smoothly between techniques, generate power from their hips, and maintain perfect balance. Mastering this form proves that a student is not just memorizing movements, but is beginning to understand the deeper principles and philosophy of Taekwon-Do.

Poomsae 8: Hwa-Rang (화랑)

The Hwa-Rang poomsae is named in honor of the Hwa-Rang, an elite youth group that originated in the Silla Dynasty (57 BC - 935 AD). This group was a key part of ancient Korean military and spiritual culture, and their discipline and courage helped unify the three kingdoms of Korea. The form's movements reflect their unwavering commitment to justice, courage, and discipline. The form's 29 movements are said to represent the 29th Infantry Division where Taekwon-Do was developed and perfected.

This poomsae is a pivotal form in a student’s journey, and it introduces a number of new, more challenging techniques that require greater control and power. Students will be introduced to more complex combinations of blocks and punches, and they will use more powerful kicks, such as the side kick. The pattern of the form is a powerful horizontal line, which represents a student's journey from one side of the dojang to the other.

This poomsae is a core requirement for a student's promotion from a red belt to a black stripe. By this point, a practitioner has a solid foundation in the basics, and Hwa-Rang is the form that truly begins to test their ability to transition smoothly between techniques, generate power from their hips, and maintain perfect balance. Mastering this form proves that a student is not just memorizing movements, but is beginning to understand the deeper principles and philosophy of Taekwon-Do.

Poomsae 9: Choong-Moo (충무)

The Choong-Moo poomsae is named in honor of Admiral Yi Sun-Sin (1545-1598), a legendary Korean naval hero who is revered for his victories against the Japanese during the Imjin War. The form's 30 movements are said to symbolize his unwavering loyalty and his strategic genius. The form ends with a left-hand attack, which is a key philosophical part of the form. This is said to represent the Admiral's unfulfilled loyalty to his king and country.

The form introduces a number of new, more challenging techniques that require greater control and power. Students will be introduced to the reverse punch (bandae jirugi) and will use more complex stances and blocks. It also includes the difficult W-shape block (annun sogi) which requires a high level of concentration and strength to perform correctly. The pattern of the form is a strong horizontal line, which represents a student's journey from one side of the dojang to the other.

This poomsae is the key requirement for a student's promotion from a red belt to a black stripe. By this point, a practitioner has a solid foundation in the basics, and Choong-Moo is the form that truly begins to test their ability to transition smoothly between techniques, generate power from their hips, and maintain perfect balance. Mastering this form proves that a student is not just memorizing movements, but is beginning to understand the deeper principles and philosophy of Taekwon-Do.

WTF Taekwondo Forms (Poomsae):

Poomsae 1: Taegeuk Il Jang (태극1장)

The Taegeuk Il Jang poomsae is the first form a student learns in the World Taekwondo curriculum. The name "Taegeuk" refers to the ancient Korean philosophical concept of the "Supreme Ultimate," symbolizing the origin of all things. The eight Taegeuk poomsae forms are each named after a different philosophical symbol from Eastern thought. The "Il Jang" part of the name means "first form," symbolizing the very beginning of a student's journey.

The form consists of 18 movements and is designed to teach the most basic but fundamental skills of the art. The pattern of the form represents the symbol for "Keon" (☰), which symbolizes the sky and heaven. It is the first and most powerful of the eight symbols. Taegeuk Il Jang is the foundation upon which all other poomsae are built. It introduces the most basic stances, blocks, and punches.

For most students, Taegeuk Il Jang is the key requirement for advancing from a white belt to a yellow belt. Mastering this form proves a student has committed to their training and is ready to move beyond basic warm-ups into the more structured and philosophical side of Taekwon-Do. A student will practice and perfect this form for months, and it is a key test of their discipline and dedication.

Poomsae 2: Taegeuk Yi Jang (태극2장)

The Taegeuk Yi Jang poomsae is the second form in the World Taekwondo curriculum. The name "Yi Jang" means "second form" and the form itself represents the philosophical symbol for "Tae" (☱), which symbolizes joy and a lake. A lake appears calm on the surface but contains immense depth and power beneath, just as a Taekwondo practitioner should remain calm and focused while developing inner power. This poomsae is a crucial step in a student's journey, as it builds on the simple foundation of the first form and introduces new, more complex movements.

The form consists of 18 movements and the pattern of the form is a simple "U" shape. The movements are designed to be a blend of power and grace, representing the fusion of Taekwon-Do's physical and philosophical aspects. The form builds on the basic stances and punches from Taegeuk Il Jang and introduces a key new technique: the middle block (momtong makgi). This block is vital for defending against strikes to the body and requires a greater level of control and power to perform correctly. The student will also continue to practice and perfect their basic stances and punches in a new, more challenging sequence.

For most students, Taegeuk Yi Jang is the key requirement for advancing from a yellow belt to a green belt. Mastering this form proves a student has a solid grasp of the fundamental blocks and punches and is ready to expand their skills with more advanced techniques and a more complex philosophical meaning. A student will practice and perfect this form for months, and it is a key test of their discipline and dedication.

Poomsae 3: Taegeuk Sam Jang (태극3장)

The Taegeuk Sam Jang poomsae is the third form in the World Taekwondo curriculum. The name "Sam Jang" means "third form," and the form itself represents the philosophical symbol for "Li" (☲), which symbolizes fire and the sun. Fire has two main properties: light and warmth. This symbolizes a practitioner's moral and physical development. A student at this stage should be both technically proficient (light) and morally sound (warmth), showing a deeper understanding of the art's philosophy.

The form consists of 20 movements, and the pattern of the form is a simple "E" shape. The movements are designed to be a blend of power and grace, representing the fusion of Taekwon-Do's physical and philosophical aspects. The form builds on the basic stances and punches from the previous forms and introduces a key new technique: the middle block (momtong makgi) performed with a more dynamic turn. It also introduces the low block (arae makgi) performed with a more dynamic turn.

For most students, Taegeuk Sam Jang is the key requirement for advancing to a green belt. Mastering this form proves a student has a solid grasp of the fundamental blocks and punches and is ready to expand their skills with more advanced techniques and a more complex philosophical meaning. A student will practice and perfect this form for months, and it is a key test of their discipline and dedication.

Poomsae 4: Taegeuk Sa Jang (태극4장)

The Taegeuk Sa Jang poomsae is the fourth form in the World Taekwondo curriculum. The name "Sa Jang" means "fourth form," and the form itself represents the philosophical symbol for "Jin" (☳), which symbolizes thunder. Thunder and lightning represent great power and dignity. This poomsae is a crucial step in a student's journey, as it builds on the simple foundation of the first three forms and introduces new, more complex movements. It is a form that truly begins to test a student's balance and power.

The form consists of 20 movements, and the pattern of the form is a simple "T" shape. The movements are designed to be a blend of power and grace, representing the fusion of Taekwon-Do's physical and philosophical aspects. The form introduces two key new techniques: the knife-hand strike (sonkal makgi) and the twin fist punch. It also introduces the front snap kick (ap chagi) which requires a greater level of control and balance.

For most students, Taegeuk Sa Jang is the key requirement for advancing to a green belt. Mastering this form proves a student has a solid grasp of the fundamental blocks and punches and is ready to expand their skills with more advanced techniques and a more complex philosophical meaning. A student will practice and perfect this form for months, and it is a key test of their discipline and dedication.

Poomsae 5: Taegeuk Oh Jang (태극5장)

The Taegeuk Oh Jang poomsae is the fifth form in the World Taekwondo curriculum. The name "Oh Jang" means "fifth form," and the form itself represents the philosophical symbol for "Seon" (☴), which symbolizes wind. Wind can be gentle and soft, but also violent and powerful, just like a martial artist. This symbolizes a practitioner's dual nature: gentle in everyday life but strong and powerful when needed.

The form consists of 20 movements, and the pattern of the form is a simple "T" shape. The movements are designed to be a blend of power and grace, representing the fusion of Taekwon-Do's physical and philosophical aspects. The form builds on the basic stances and punches from the previous forms and introduces a key new technique: the hammer fist strike (me jumeok chigi). It also introduces the high block (olgul makgi), which is vital for defending against strikes to the head.

For most students, Taegeuk Oh Jang is the key requirement for advancing from a blue belt to a red belt. Mastering this form proves a student has a solid grasp of the fundamental blocks and punches and is ready to expand their skills with more advanced techniques and a more complex philosophical meaning. A student will practice and perfect this form for months, and it is a key test of their discipline and dedication.

Poomsae 6: Taegeuk Yuk Jang (태극6장)

The Taegeuk Yuk Jang poomsae is the sixth form in the World Taekwondo curriculum. The name "Yuk Jang" means "sixth form," and the form itself represents the philosophical symbol for "Gam" (☵), which symbolizes water. Water can be calm and still, or it can be a powerful, raging force. This symbolizes a practitioner's dual nature: gentle in everyday life but strong and powerful when needed. It teaches a student to adapt their power and movements to a situation, much like water adapts to its container.

The form consists of 20 movements, and the pattern of the form is a simple "I" shape. The movements are designed to be a blend of power and grace, representing the fusion of Taekwon-Do's physical and philosophical aspects. The form builds on the basic stances and punches from the previous forms and introduces a key new technique: the roundhouse kick (dollyeo chagi). It also introduces the low block (arae makgi) which is vital for defending against strikes to the legs.

For most students, Taegeuk Yuk Jang is the key requirement for advancing from a blue belt to a red belt. Mastering this form proves a student has a solid grasp of the fundamental blocks and punches and is ready to expand their skills with more advanced techniques and a more complex philosophical meaning. A student will practice and perfect this form for months, and it is a key test of their discipline and dedication.

Poomsae 7: Taegeuk Chil Jang (태극7장)

The Taegeuk Chil Jang poomsae is the seventh form in the World Taekwondo curriculum. The name "Chil Jang" means "seventh form," and the form itself represents the philosophical symbol for "Gan" (☶), which symbolizes a mountain. A mountain is a symbol of strength and stability, teaching a practitioner to remain grounded and unmoving in the face of conflict. The form requires a student to demonstrate a greater level of balance and control, reflecting the steadfast nature of a mountain.

The form consists of 25 movements, and the pattern of the form is a simple "I" shape. The movements are designed to be a blend of power and grace, representing the fusion of Taekwon-Do's physical and philosophical aspects. The form builds on the basic stances and punches from the previous forms and introduces a key new technique: the low block (arae makgi) which is vital for defending against strikes to the legs. It also introduces the back stance (dwit kubi) and a new, powerful block: the twin hand block (momtong makgi).

For most students, Taegeuk Chil Jang is the key requirement for advancing from a red belt to a black stripe. By this point, a practitioner has a solid grasp of the fundamental blocks and punches and is ready to expand their skills with more advanced techniques and a more complex philosophical meaning. A student will practice and perfect this form for months, and it is a key test of their discipline and dedication.

Poomsae 8: Taegeuk Pal Jang (태극8장)

The Taegeuk Pal Jang poomsae is the eighth and final form in the Taegeuk series. The name "Pal Jang" means "eighth form," and the form itself represents the philosophical symbol for "Gon" (☷), which symbolizes the Earth or the mother. The form is a symbol of nourishment and new beginnings, and it is a powerful way for a student to show their dedication to the art. The form requires a student to demonstrate a greater level of balance and control, reflecting the steadfast nature of the Earth.

For most students, Taegeuk Pal Jang is the key requirement for advancing from a red belt to a black stripe. By this point, a practitioner has a solid grasp of the fundamental blocks and punches and is ready to expand their skills with more advanced techniques and a more complex philosophical meaning. A student will practice and perfect this form for months, and it is a key test of their discipline and dedication.

Poomsae 9: Koryo (고려)

Koryo is the ultimate poomsae that a student must master to earn their first black belt in the World Taekwondo (WT) curriculum. The name Koryo refers to the ancient Korean dynasty (918-1392 AD). This dynasty was the first to unify the Korean peninsula and is the source of the name "Korea." The form itself is a powerful testament to the strength, spirit, and wisdom of the Korean people. It represents a new, more profound stage in a practitioner's journey, marking the end of their basic training and the beginning of their true path.

The form consists of 30 movements and is a culmination of all the techniques from the Taegeuk forms. It is a powerful form that introduces a number of new, more challenging techniques that require greater control and power. The form introduces the kodureo makgi (ready stance), a new and unique ready stance for the first black belt poomsae. It also features a new type of spear-hand strike and a jump kick, requiring a greater level of balance and athletic ability. The movements of Koryo are much more fluid and powerful than the Taegeuk forms, and they require a high level of concentration and strength to perform correctly.

Mastering this form is a huge achievement and a final test of a practitioner's discipline, power, and understanding of the art's deeper principles. Passing this test proves that a student is not just memorizing movements, but is beginning to understand the deeper principles and philosophy of Taekwon-Do.

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Poomsae 1(WT)

Poomsae 2 (WT)

Poomsae 3 (WT)

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