Our Research
Our research involves the study of cell signalling, transcription and epigenetics, the development of clinically relevant biomarkers, novel disease diagnostic and detection systems and the development of therapeutic interventions.
Much of our research involves the use of clinical samples obtained through portfolio studies working in partnership with clinicians in the Swansea Bay (Singleton and Morriston Hospitals in Swansea), and Cwm Taf Morgannwg (The Princess of Wales Hospital in Bridgend) University Health Boards.
Epigenetics and Transcription Biology
We are studying the underlying epigenetic/epigenomic processes relating to gynaecological cancers. We have demonstrated that the epigenetic status of the oestrogen receptor (ERalpha) gene is altered in aggressive type II endometrial cancer. We have shown the histone acetyl transferase HBO1, which is overexpressed in ovarian cancer triggers changes in cellular biomechanics that are associated with more aggressive cancer phenotypes. Following treatment with epigenetic drugs (decitabine and vorinostat) we have demonstrated switches in both endometrial and ovarian cancer cell phenotypes, and that delivery of these drugs to solid tumour models is significantly enhanced through nanoparticle encapsulation. We co-developed CHROMATRAP epigenetic characterisation tools with Porvair Ltd, to improve the efficiency and sensitivity of epigenetic/epigenomic analysis.
Antibody Drug Conjugates
We have developed and patented an ADC that targets RAGE and is effective in endometrial and other gynaecological cancer models. We have conducted a genome wide study to identify all possible ADC targets, and are now using our ADC screening platforms to characterise these new targets. In addition we are developing new payloads and investigating target protein mutations for ADCs to combat drug resistance.
Exosomes
We are developing therapeutic exosomes for the treatment of ovarian cancer including projects with partners ReNeuron and Ig Innovation.
Cell Biomechanics
We have pioneered the use of Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) to study cellular and molecular interactions in live cells and tissues at the nanoscale. Currently we use AFM to study cancer cells, cellular responses to epigenetic drug treatments, and have developed software tools for high throughput data analysis.
Patient derived 3D models
We have established processes to create 3D spheroid models from cells extracted from tumour tissues. These models include native cells, and cells embedded in extracelluar matrix components. The models are being used to evaluate our epigenetic nanoparticle and ADC therapeutics.
Bioimaging
In collaboration with Professor Paul Rees in the College of Engineering at Swansea University we are developing advanced image analysis processes to study single and multi-cell development and interactions.
Biomarkers
We have a number of biomarkers currently under investigation include the mucin (MUC1), the Wilms Tumour protein (WT1), the Receptor for Advanced Glycation End-products (RAGE), Osteopontin (OPN) and others. Our aim is to understand the function, regulation and contribution of these markers in disease processes.
Biosensors
We have developed graphene based immunosensors to detect a wide range of biomarkers including global epigenetic marks (cancer and drug treatment), hCG (pregnancy), cortisol (stress) and CA125 (ovarian cancer) with a remarkable degree of sensitivity.