304 група
13, 14 та 14.01.21.
Урок: 24, 25, 26.
Тема: Домашнє читання. Тест.
TEST (’Is the Earth in danger?’)
Variant-1
1. Match the words with the definitions:
1) a typhoon;
2) a whirlwind;
3) a disaster;
4) a drought;
5) an avalanche;
6) a hurricane;
7) a deforestation;
8) a whirlpool;
a) a mass of snow, ice and rock that slides rapidly down the side of a mountain;
b) a very bad accident, eg. a crash or a fire, that causes great damage or loss of life; a catastrophe;
c) a violent storm with very strong winds, esp. in the western Atlantic Ocean;
d) a violent tropical storm in the western Pacific;
e) a place in a river or the sea where there are strong currents moving in circles;
f) a period of continuous dry weather , esp. when there is not enough water for people’s needs;
g) removing trees or forests from a place;
h) a column of air that turns round and round very rapidly;
2.Translate into English:
1. частий---
2. стійкий-----
3. траплятися, відбуватися----
4. завдавати збитків, пошкоджувати-----
5. загроза----
6. ризик, небезпека----
7. випаровуватися----
8. стежити, простежувати----
9. вижити, залишитися живим----
10. забруднення---
11. скидати, звалювати----
12. припливна хвиля----
3.Fill inthe blanks with cause/causes or reason/reasons:
• What was the_________ of the fire ?
• What are your _______ for leaving the job?
• The _________ why I’m late is that I missed the bus.
• Police are investigating the main _______ of the explosion.
• The increase in violent crime has several__________ .
Variant-2
1.Match the words with the definitions:
a)a tornado;
b)an earthquake;
c)a hailstorm;
d)a blizzard;
e) a thunderstorm;
f) a flood;
g) a volcano;
h) a hazard;
1.a mountain with a large opening on the top, and sometimes others on the side, through which melted rocks and gases escape with great force, or have done so in the past ;
2.a thing that can be dangerous or cause damage; a danger or risk;
3.a violent storm with very strong circular winds over a small area;
4.a sudden violent movement of the earth’s surface;
5. a period of heavy hail-frozen rain falling as little balls of ice in a shower;
6. a severe snowstorm with strong winds;
7. a storm with thunder and lightning and shocked;
8. a large quantity of water covering an area that is usually dry;
2.Translate into English:
1.рятувати----
2.пара----
3.схил----
4.підніматися, високо літати----
5.глобальне потепління----
6. зруйнований----
7.причина(2х)------
8. зсув, обвал----
9. залишатися на сторожі-------
10. утікати----
11. бити з усієї сили, урізати, руйнувати, знищувати-----
12. хитатися-----
3. Fill inthe blanks with cause/causes or reason/reasons:
a. Smoking is one of the main_______ of heart disease.
b. We have good _________ to believe that he is lying.
c. The only _____ she didn’t win was that she had injured her knee.
d. They still haven’t found out the ________ of the fire.
e. You have no _____ for complaint.
ІІ. Прочитати ти текст:
Protection of Environment
Since ancient times Nature has served Man, being the source of his life. For thousands of years people lived in harmony with environment. But with the development of civilization man’s interference with nature began to increase.
Large cities with thousands of smoky industrial enterprises appear all over the world today. They pollute the air we breathe, the water we drink, the land we live in. Many cities suffer from smog. Vast forests are cut and burnt in fire.
As a result, some rare species of animals, birds, fish and plants disappear forever, a number of rivers and lakes dry up.
Environmental protection is a universal concern. That is why serious measures to create a system of ecological security should be taken.
The accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in April 1986 caused radioactive pollution of a vast area. Who knows what possible effects on health or longer-term genetic effects this pollution may have.
The international organization Greenpeace is also doing much to preserve the environment.
The Earth is our home. We must take care of it for ourselves and next generations.
Запитання до тексту
• What other environmental organizations do you know? – Які організації по охороні середовище ти знаєш?
• When did the most terrifying accident happened? – Коли трапилась найжахливіша екологічна катастрофа?
• How do you help nature around you? – Як ти допомагаєш природі?
• Do you think people will defend nature? And in what way? –Чи вважаєш ти, що людство почне захищати природу? Та яким чином?
20, 21, та 21.01.21.
Урок: 27, 28, 29.
Тема: Україна.
І. Прочитати уважно текст, нову лексику записати в зошит та вивчити, підготуватись до переказу по темі:
1. Ukraine is one of the largest countries of Eastern Europe. Ukraine occupies an area of 603 700 km2 . Its territory stretches for 893 kilometres from north to south and for 1316 kilo¬metres from east to west. It has state borders with Russia, Belarus and Moldova. It also borders on Poland, Slovakia, Hun¬gary and Romania. In the south it is washed by the Black and the Azov Seas. The major part of Ukraine is flat and only 5% of it is mountainous. The two mountainous areas in Ukraine are the Carpathians and the Crimean Moun¬tains. The geographical position of Ukraine is very favourable because the country lies on the crossroads of the ways from Asia to Europe. Ukraine has deposits of iron, man¬ga¬ nese, coal, natural gas, oil and other mineral re¬sources. The main branches of industry are: coal and ore mining, iron and steel en¬ gi¬neering, machine and ship building. Besides, Ukraine has always been an agrarian country. Traditionally crop-growing and cattle- breeding are being developed. Vocabulary: to occupy— займати to stretch— простягатися borders— кордони Eastern Europe— Східна Європа Carpathians— Карпати Crimean Mountains— Кримські гори Asia — Азія
2. Україна — одна з найбільших країн Східної Європи. Україна займає площу 603 700 км2 . Її територія простягається на 893 км з півночі на південь і на 316 км зі схо¬ду на захід. Вона має державний кордон з Росі¬ єю, Білорусією і Молдовою. Вона також межує з Польщею, Словач¬чи¬ною, Угорщиною і Румунією. На півдні вона омивається Чорним і Азовсь¬ким морями. Велика частина України вкрита рівнина¬ми, і тільки 5 % вкриті горами. В Україні два гірських масиви — Карпа¬ти і Кримські гори. Географічне положення України дуже сприятливе, оскільки вона розташо¬вана на перехресті шляхів з Азії в Єв¬ропу. В Україні є родовища заліза, мар¬ганцю, вугілля, природного газу, на¬фти й інших корисних копалин. Основні га¬лузі промисловості — ву¬гіль¬на, рудничодобувна, ста¬ле¬ливар¬на, вер¬ста¬то¬бу¬ду¬ван¬ня і ко¬раб¬лебу¬ду¬ван¬ня. Крім того, Україна завжди була аграр¬ною країною. Тут традиційно зай¬ма¬ють¬ся зем¬лероб¬ством і т¬ва¬рин¬ниц¬т¬вом.
3. Questions: 1. Where is Ukraine situated? 2. Which countries does it border on? 3. What seas is Ukraine washed by? 4. What natural resources is the country rich in? 5. What are the main products of Ukrainian industry?
4. We live in Ukraine. Ukraine is a sovereign state. It has its own territory, government, na¬tional emblem, state flag and anthem. The geographical position of Ukraine is very favourable for the development of its re¬lations with the countries of Europe, as well as with the countries throughout the world. It borders on Russia, Belarus, Moldova, Slovakia, Poland, Hungary, Romania. It is washed by the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov. The major rivers are the Dnieper, the Dniester, the Donets and others. The territory of Ukraine consists mostly of plains. The Ukrainian Carpathians and the Cri¬mean Mountains make up only 5 % of its area. It is a well-developed industrial and ag¬ ri¬cul¬tural country. Ukraine has many natural resources. The population of Ukraine is about 50 million people. The biggest cities are Kyiv, Kharkiv, Zaporizhia, Dnipropetrovsk, Odesa, Lviv, Mykolaiv and others. Ukraine has an ancient history. It has its own original culture and arts.
5. Ми живемо в Україні. Україна — су¬ве¬рен¬на держава. Вона має свою територію, свій уряд, На¬ціо¬наль¬ний Герб, Дер¬жав¬ ний Пра¬пор і Гімн. Географічне положення України дуже сприятливе для розвитку відносин як з країнами Європи, так і всього світу. Вона межує з Росією, Білорусією, Мол-до¬вою, Словаччиною, Поль¬щею, Угор¬щи¬ною і Румунією. Вона омивається Чорним і Азовсь¬ким морями. Головні ріки — Дніпро, Дністер, До¬нець та інші. Територія України в основному вкри¬та рівнинами. Українські Карпати і К¬римські гори зай¬ма¬ють тільки 5 % те¬ри¬торії. У країні добре розвинені промисло¬вість і сільське господарство. В ¬Ук¬раїні багато корисних копалин. Населення України складає біля 50 млн чоловік. Найбільші міста — Київ, Харків, За¬по¬р¬і¬ж¬жя, Дніпропетровськ, Одеса, Львів, Миколаїв та ін. Україна має давню історію. У неї са¬мо¬бут¬ня культура і мис¬тецтво.
6. Over recent years people of Ukraine dis¬play a keen interest in the Ukrainian history and cultural heritage. Nowadays Ukraine has established new relations with the countries throughout the world. Ukraine is one of the members of the United Nations Organization (UNO) and par¬tici¬pates in the work of many inter¬national organizations. Scientists of Ukraine have made a great con¬tri¬bution to the world science.
7. Vocabulary: anthem— гімн major — основний, головний well-developed— добре розвинений United Nations Organization — Організація Об’єднаних Націй
8. Questions: 1. You know main cities? 2. What mountains are there on the territory of Ukraine? 3. Name the mountains of Ukraine and how much do they make up of the whole area? 4. Has Ukraine an ancient history or a modern one? 5. What can you tell about recent years of independent Ukraine?
9. State System of Ukraine The government of Ukraine underwent rapid change in the early 1990s. The independence of Ukraine was pro¬ claimed on the 24th of August, 1991. Its sovereignty is now recognized by all the countries of the world. Ukraine has its own state symbols, Con¬sti¬tution, currency and government. According to the Constitution of Ukraine its territory is one and in¬di¬ visible. There is the Crimean Auto¬nomous Republic in Ukraine, 24 administrative districts and the cities of Kyiv and Sevastopol.
10. В останні роки українці виявляють ве¬ли¬кий інтерес до української іс¬ торії і куль¬тур¬ної спадщини. Останнім часом Україна встановила нові відносини з країнами в усьому світі. Україна — один із членів
Організа¬ції Об’єднаних Націй (ООН) і бе¬ре участь у ро¬боті ба¬га¬ть¬ох міжна¬род¬них орган¬і¬зацій. Вчені України зробили великий вне¬сок у світову науку. l Державний устрій України Уряд України зазнав значних змін на початку 1990-х. Незалежність України була про¬го¬ло¬ше¬на 24 серпня 1991 року. Її суверенітет зараз визнаний усіма країнами світу. Україна має свою власну державну¬ символіку, Конституцію, валюту й уряд¬. Відповідно до Конституції України її територія єдина і неподільна. До¬ с¬к¬ла¬ду України входять Автономна Рес¬пуб¬л¬і¬ка Крим, 24 ад¬м¬і¬н¬і¬ст¬ра¬тив¬них області та міста Київ і Севастополь.
11. Only the laws of Ukraine act on its territory. The power in the country is divided into legislative, executive and judiciary. The main legislative body of Ukraine is the Verkhovna Rada, which consists of 450 deputies. The elections to the Verkhovna Rada are held every 4 years on the last week of March. The deputies are elected by equal, se¬ cret or direct ballot. The highest executive body is the presi¬dent. He can veto any decision of the Verkhovna Rada. The president is the commander-in- chief of the armed forces of Ukraine. He also represents the state in the in¬ ter¬na¬tional relations. Another part of the executive branch is the Cabinet of Ministers, which is headed¬ by the Prime-Minister. The Cabinet of Ministers coordinates the daily administration of the government and may introduce bills to the Verkhovna Rada. The judiciary power belongs to the Con¬ sti¬tu¬tional Court and regional courts. The state symbols of Ukraine are the national flag and emblem. They root deeply in ancient times and have symbolic meaning. Azure-yellow state flag symbolizes the unity of blue sky and yellow wheat field. The little state emblem — trident — appeared first on the seals in times of Vo¬lo¬dy¬myr the Great.
12. На її території діють тільки за¬ко¬ни Ук¬раї¬ни. Влада в країні поділяється на за¬ко¬но¬дав¬чу, виконавчу і судову. Головним законодавчим органом в ¬Ук¬раїні є Верховна Рада, що скла¬ даєть¬ся з 450 депутатів. Вибори до Верховної Ради про¬во¬дять¬ся кожні чотири роки в останній тиж¬день березня. Депутати обираються рівним, таємним чи прямим голосуванням. Вищим виконавчим органом є Пре¬зи¬дент. Він може накласти вето на будь-яке рішення Верховної Ради. Президент є Головнокомандувачем Збройних сил України. Він також представляє державу в міжнародних відносинах. Інша частина виконавчої влади на¬ле¬жить Кабінету Міністрів, очолюва¬ному прем’єр-міністром. Кабінет Міністрів координує щоден¬ну роботу уряду і може подавати закони до Верховної Ради. Судова влада представлена Конституційним Судом і місцевими судами. Державна символіка України — Дер¬жавні Прапор і Герб. Вони глибоко сягають коренями у давні часи і мають символічне значення. Синьо-жовтий Дер¬жав¬ний Прапор символізує єдність блакитного неба і стиглого пшеничного поля. Малий Державний Герб — Тризуб — з’явився вперше на печатках за часів Володимира Великого.
13. Конституція України Конституція — Основний Закон кож¬ної держави. Кожна держава закладає в ¬Кон¬сти¬ту¬цію принципи, згідно з якими вона існує. Тому Конституція — це невід’єм¬на ча¬с¬ти¬на життя кожної дер¬жа¬ви. Конституція України була прийнята 28 червня 1996 року. Вона підтвердила основні принципи нашої держави, права, свободи й обов’язки кожного громадянина. Вона визначає порядок виборів Президента, виборів до Верховної Ради, державні символи, незалежність і суверенність України. Конституція проголошує свободу слова, світогляду і віросповідання. Церква і різні релігійні організації відділені від держави і від школи.
14. Vocabulary: administrative districts] — адміністративні області legislative— законодавчий decision— рішення elections — вибори Crimean Autonomous Republic — Автономна Республіка Крим Constitutional Court— Конституційний Суд
15. Questions: 1. When was the independence of Ukraine proclaimed?
2. How many administrative districts do you know? What district do you live in? 3. Who is the head of the state? 4. What is the highest legislative body of Ukraine? 5. What is the supreme judicial body?
The Constitution is the main law of each state. Each state enters into the Constitution the principles, according to which it lives. That’s why the Constitution is an integral part of the life of each state. The Constitution of Ukraine was adopted on the 28th of June, 1996. It confirmed the main principles of our state, the rights, freedoms and duties of every citizen. It determines the order of the President elections, elections into the Verkhovna Rada, state symbols, independence and sovereignty of Ukraine. The Constitution proclaims the freedom of speech, outlook and religion. The church and different religious or¬gani¬zations are separated from the state, and from the school.
16. That’s why it is impossible to make any religion compulsory or state. But the church and religion are not isolated¬¬ from the society. The Constitution also proclaims the right for political unions, meetings and demon¬strations and participation in governing the state. The duties of the citizens are also included¬ into the Constitution. The family, childhood, maternity and pa¬ter¬nity are guarded by the state. The military service and tax payment are also the duties of the citizens. Each citizen must observe the Con¬ sti¬tution, preserve the freedoms and rights of other people and carry out his own duties.¬
17. Vocabulary: law— закон to adopt— приймати symbol— символ church— церква to separate — розділяти, відділяти
18. Questions: 1. When was the Constitution of Ukraine adopted? 2. What did the Constitution confirm? 3. What does it proclaim? 4. Are the church and religion isolated from the society? 5. What duties of the citizens included into the Constitution do you know?
Тому неможливо зробити яку-небудь ре¬л¬і¬гію обов’язковою чи державною. Але цер¬к¬ва і релігія не ізольовані від сус¬п¬іль¬ства. Конституція проголошує право на полі¬тичні об’єднання, мітинги і де¬мон¬ст¬рації й участь у керуванні державою. Обов’язки громадян також включені в Конституцію. Родина, дитинство, материнство і бать¬¬ківство охороняються дер¬жа¬вою. Військова служба і сплата податків та¬кож є обов’язками громадян. Кожен громадянин повинен дот¬ри¬му¬ва¬ти¬ся Конституції, охороняти сво¬бо¬ди й пра¬ва інших людей і виконувати свої обов’язки
ІІ. Kyiv — the Capital of Ukraine / Київ — столиця України
Kyiv is the capital of Ukraine. It's one of the oldest cities of Europe. Last year we celebrated the fifteen hundred twenty fourth anniversary of its foundation. There are many places of historic interest in it. Among them there are the Kyivo-Pecherska Lavra, the Golden Gate, the St. Sophias Cathedral and others.
Kyiv is situated on the picturesque banks of the Dnieper river. It is one of the most beautiful cities of Europe. One half of Kyiv's territory is occupied by parks and gardens. The population of Kyiv is about 3 millions.
Kyiv is a large political, industrial and cultural centre. Kyiv is a seat of the higher body of state power of Ukraine, the Verkhovna Rada.
Kyiv is a scientific centre. The Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and many research institutes are here. Kyiv's cultural life is rich and varied. There are many theatres, museums, exhibitions in Kyiv.
The national art of Ukraine (paintings, sculpture and drawings) is shown in the Museum of Ukrainian Art.
Kyiv's theatres are well-known not only in our country. The famous National Opera and Ballet Theatre, the Ivan Franko Ukrainian Drama Theatre, the Lesya Ukrainka Russian Drama Theatre and other theatres are greatly appreciated by the Kyivites and the guests of the city.
The most important educational institutions of Ukraine are in Kyiv. The National Ukrainian University named after Shevchenko is in the centre of the capital. Just opposite the famous red building of the University there is a fine park well-known to the Kyivites. In the centre of the park there is a nice monument to the great Ukrainian poet, whose name the University bears.
Kyiv is famous for its monuments. The monument to Prince Volodymyr in the picturesque park on the Dnieper hills has become a symbol of the ancient city.
Kyiv is the Hero-City. In the park of Immortal Glory there is an obelisk in honour of those who fell in the battles of the Second World War.
Because of many places of historical interest Kyiv is one of the most exciting cities to visit. A lot of tourists come to Kyiv. The first place, which welcomes them, is Kyiv international airport Borispol. It is built in accordance with the latest world standards.
The central street of the capital is Khreshchatyk. During the Greart Patriotic War it was almost completely destroyed. And it was rebuilt in the post war years. There are many fine buildings in Khreshchatyk. They form the unique architectural ensemble.
Kyiv is especially beautiful in spring when the famous Kyiv chestnut trees are in blossom.
Kyiv, this ancient and ever young city, is the pride and glory of the Ukrainian people.
Київ — столиця України. Це одне з найстаріших міст Європи. Рік тому ми святкували тисяча п'ятсот двадцять четверту річницю його заснування. У Києві є багато цікавих історичних місць. Серед них — Києво-Печерська лавра, Золоті ворота, Софіївський собор та інші.
Київ розташований на живописних берегах ріки Дніпро. Це одне з найкрасивіших міст Європи. Половина території Києва зайнята парками й садами. Населення Києва складає близько 3 мільйонів.
Київ — великий політичний, промисловий і культурний центр. Київ — місце вищого органу державної влади України, Верховної Ради.
Київ — науковий центр. Тут знаходиться Академія Наук України і багато дослідницьких інститутів. Культурне життя Києва багате й різноманітне. У Києві є багато театрів, музеїв, виставок.
Національне мистецтво України (живопис, скульптура і малюнки) представлене в музеї українського мистецтва.
Театри Києва відомі не тільки в нашій країні. Знаменитий Національний театр опери і балету, театр української драми імені Івана Франка, театр російської драми імені Лесі Українки й інші театри дуже цінуються киянами й гостями міста.
Найголовніші освітні установи України знаходяться в Києві. Національний український університет, названий на честь Шевченка, знаходиться в центрі столиці. Просто навпроти знаменитої червоної будівлі університету є прекрасний парк, добре відомий киянам. У центрі парку є гарний пам'ятник великому українському поетові, чиє ім'я носить цей університет.
Київ знаменитий своїми пам'ятниками. Пам'ятник князю Володимиру в живописному парку на пагорбах Дніпра став символом стародавнього міста.
Київ — місто-герой. У парку Вічної Слави є обеліск на честь тих, хто загинув у битвах Другої світової війни.
Через велику кількість історично цікавих місць Київ — одне з найбільш захоплюючих міст для візиту. Багато туристів прибувають до Києва. Перше місце, яке вітає їх, — київський міжнародний аеропорт Бориспіль. Він збудований відповідно до найостанніших світових стандартів.
Центральна вулиця столиці — Хрещатик. Протягом Великої Вітчизняної війни вона була майже цілком знищена. Її було відновлено за повоєнні роки. На Хрещатику багато прекрасних будівель. Вони формують унікальний архітектурний ансамбль.
Київ особливо красивий навесні, коли цвітуть знамениті київські каштани.
Київ, це стародавнє і завжди молоде місто, — гордість і слава українських людей.
ІІІ. WHAT DOES IT MEAN “TO BE UKRAINIAN?”
“To be Ukrainian”- what does it mean? One can answer this question easily because we are predictable nation, open - hearted and friendly, generous and hospitable, hard - working and dedicated to our family and our profession. Everything we do we do with all might, with all our best. Ukraine has a long and renowned history; we can talk about it endlessly giving vivid examples of its glory and prosperity. This time as usual we try to pay much attention to the history of Ukraine, its problems and solutions, people and traditions, holidays and customs. Special attention is paid now to our famous Ukrainians who brought the fame and glory to our country. To be Ukrainian sounds great now. We are happy to see our national flags everywhere during holiday celebrations and special ceremonies, people pressing their hands to hearts singing our national anthem we experience feelings of pride and love for our country. In addition, we want our Ukraine to flourish and blossom. Let us cherish such moments and jointly look for the ways of making our Motherland more powerful and prosperous. The most powerful thing you can do to change the world, is to change your own beliefs about the nature of life, people, reality.
Be always positive and optimistic!
Зробити переклад тексту на рідну мову.
03.11. та 04.11.2020.
Урок № 18, 19.
SPORT IN MY LIFE
Sport is one of the few things that make people healthy. The general belief is that a person who goes in for sports can’t be weak and ill. Physically inactive people get old earlier than those, who find time for sport activity. And of course good health is better than good medicine.
Sport is probably as old as the humanity itself. It was raising with the development of a human society. In ancient times men competed with each other in strength and deftness to decide who was the worthiest. Nowadays sport is being widely popularized all over the world and in our country in particular.
Thus, children are taught to love sport since early childhood. In kindergartens a child takes his first sporting steps. He learns to run, jump and dance. In schools and colleges sport is a compulsory subject. Many young people attend sport sections. Some of them dream to become professional sportsmen, others would like to stay amateurs.
As for me, I’m fond of aerobics. First of all aerobics helps to keep myself fit. It also attracts me because it resembles dancing and is carried with the accompaniment of music. Besides, twice a week I go to the swimming pool. Such sport activity helps me feel cheerful, active and full of energy.
My Attitude to Sports and Games
In my opinion sports is one of the things that helps to keep people fit and healthy. Physically inactive people get older earlier than those who have a lot of exercises.
Being in good health means having both body and mind in good working order, free from disease and pain.
I like the Latin proverb that says «A sound mind is in a sound body.» If you want to be physically and mentally healthy – go in for sports.
Sports is very popular in our family. Practically all the year round my father and I do our usual morning exercises on the stadium which is close to our house. Only if the weather is really nasty we do them at home. When my Dad was young he was a good basket ball player and played for his institute. He has never given up playing and now he has his training twice a week. Sometimes he takes me with him and I play with his team-mates.
My Mum and my elder brother are good swimmers and they go to the swimming-pool every Sunday in winter and use every chance to swim in the river when it is warm.
My favourite sport is tennis. I have been playing it since I was nine. I belong to a youth tennis club and often take part in different tennis tournaments. I don’t always win them but every time I lose a game I learn something from my mistakes. I believe that sports help to build character. Besides tennis I am good at other sports games and our school Physical Training teacher often asks me to play for our volleyball, football and basketball teams. I never refuse because I enjoy playing.
All our family likes to watch sports programmes on TV. We support «Dynamo» Kyiv football team and never miss important matches. We are also hockey fans and really get upset when our favourite team loses. But we never have pessimistic feelings because we believe that winning is not the main thing in sports.
Extreme Sports
Speed, excitement, danger. You can find all these in the different extreme sports that have become popular last 10 years. Take bungee jumping. You jump off a bridge and you fall and fall, and then, just before you hit the ground or water, an elastic rope pulls you back. In skysurfing you jump out of aeroplane and use a board to “surf” the air, doing gymnastics in mid-air! And extreme sports on land can be just as dangerous.
Winter sports have always an element of danger. For example snowboarding, which has all the excitement of surfing but on snow, is more dangerous even than skiing. Probably the most dangerous of all the new winter sports is snow rafting. You sit in a rubber boat and sail down a mountain at great speed – and you can’t control the boat!
Of course, water sports have always been fun. Ice diving, for those people who are absolutely crazy. You put on diving equipment and dive under a frozen lake. And, if that’s not enough, you try to walk upside down on the ice! I feel cold just thinking about it!
A lot of people are not fit nowadays. It’s a big problem today. If you want to feel fit you’d better go in for one kind of sport or another. I think that everyone must do all he can to be healthy. Good health is better than the best medicine. All kinds of physical exercises are very useful to make our bodies strong and to keep ourselves fit and healthy.
To tell the truth I don’t do sports regularly and it is not an essential part of my daily life. In the morning I do some exercises just to awake. In summer I go swimming as there is a beautiful lake with pure water where my Granny lives. In winter I swim in the swimming pool. I like to ride the bike. I shouldn’t call myself a sports fan. Of course, I like to watch sports competitions on TV, like hockey or football. But most of all I admire extreme kinds of sport. I think they are really cool.
Прочитати та перекласти тексти, до кожного поставити 3 запитання.
27.10. та 28.10.2020.
Тема: Спорт.
Урок№ 16, 17.
Вивчити лексику та скласти 5 речень:
aerobics- аеробіка american football -американський футбол archery - стрільба з лука
athletics -атлетика badminton -бадмінтон baseball -бейсбол basketball -баскетбол
beach volleyball -пляжний волейбол bowls -гра в кулі, боулз boxing -бокс
canoeing -веслування на каное climbing - скелелазання cricket - крикет
cycling - велоспорт darts - дартс diving - дайвінг fishing -риболовля
football - футбол go-karting - картинг golf -гольф gymnastics -гімнастика
handball -гандбол hiking - піший туризм hockey -хокей horse racing - скачки
horse riding - верхова їзда hunting - полювання ice hockey - льодовий хокей
ice skating - катання на ковзанах inline skating або rollerblading - катання на роликових ковзанах
jogging - оздоровчий біг judo - дзюдо karate - карате kick boxing - кік-боксінг
lacrosse - лакрос martial arts - бойові мистецтва motor racing - автогонки
mountaineering - альпінізм netball - нетбол pool - більярд rowing- веслування
rugby- регбі running - біговий спорт sailing - вітрильний спорт scuba diving - дайвінг
shooting - стрільба skateboarding - скейтбординг skiing - лижний спорт
snooker - снукер snowboarding - сноубордінг squash - сквош surfing - серфінг
swimming -плавання table tennis - настільний теніс ten-pin bowling - боулінг
tennis - теніс volleyball - волейбол walking - ходьба water polo - водне поло
water skiing - водні лижи weightlifting - важка атлетика windsurfing - віндсерфінг
wrestling - боротьба yoga - йога
Sport in Our Life
I’d like to tell you about sport. People all over the world are fond of sports and games. Sport makes people healthy and strong. There are summer and winter kinds of sports. The most popular winter sports are skating, skiing, figure skating and ski-jumping. On a frosty sunny day it’s so nice to go to the skating-rink or to the forest. The most popular summer sports are swimming, cycling, boating and others. It’s wonderful to breathe in the fresh air.
Children like to play different games. Football, tennis, basketball, volleyball and hockey have great popularity among the boys. The girls go in for athletics, aerobics and gymnastics. Many pupils of our school go to sport sections. Some of them are very good sportsmen. They always take part in sports competitions.
As for me, I like swimming best of all. It is my favourite kind of sports. I started swimming some years ago. Now I can swim very well and always take part in competitions in swimming. I think swimming is a wonderful sport. It is popular with people of different ages. I also go in for tennis and play chess.
To my mind, sport plays a very important role in our life. It helps people to know each other better. There is aproverb “A sound mind
іn a sound body”. It means that everyone should do all possible to be healthy and to develop a strong character. All sorts of physical exercises are very helpful to make our bodies strong. So, if we want to keep ourselves fit, we have to go in for sports.
TASK TO THE TEXT
Complete the sentences:
1. People all over the world are fond of _____________________.
2. The most popular winter sports are ______________________.
3. The most popular summer sports are _____________________.
4. Children like to play ___________________.
5. The boys go in for _____________________.
6. ___________________ have great popularity among the girls.
7. Everyone must do all possible _____________________.
8. Sport and physical exercises are ____________________.
9. If we want to keep ourselves fit ___________________.
10. Sport makes people ____________________.
Answer the questions:
1. Do you like sport?
2. What sports do you go in for?
3. Do you like to play games or do you prefer to watch them?
4. Do you like quiet or noisy games?
5. What sports are the most popular among your friends?
6. What is your favourite kind of sports?
7. What sports competitions take place in your school?
8. Can you swim?
9. Where can people learn to swim?
10. Are you good at skating?
11. Do you watch sports on TV?
12. Do you know what sports are the most popular in Great Britain?
23.09.2020.
Урок № 6.
The Problems оf Teenagers/Проблеми підлітків
The life of a teenager can be complicated sometimes. It is a difficult age and there are many problems on the way of becoming adults. For example, the choice of free-time activities, parent-child misunderstanding, the choice of future profession, dealing with the first love and so on. All teenagers have their own views on their life and future. They often stay alone with their thoughts because nobody seems to understand them. In this situation it’s better to talk to someone who is more experienced in life matters. One of the most common problems is the misunderstanding between teens and their parents. It has always been a problem but each generation becomes more difficult than the previous. Teenagers think that they are old enough to have their own opinion, while their parents don’t take their opinion into account. It is not right. Adults should try to give more attention to their children especially at such a difficult age. Teenagers also need more freedom of choice and less pressure. They are the future of our country and a lot depends on what kind of people they will become. The problem of drug is also actual at this age. Many teenagers suffer from drug addiction. It often leads to health problems and serious consequences. Other issues include smoking and drinking alcohol. Teenagers often meet their first love. It is a wonderful time for them and one of the best stages of life. This event stays in one’s memory forever. Unfortunately, the first love can have unhappy endings. It leads to problems in communication even with the best friends. Clearly there are a lot of problems in teenagers’ lives. However, there are some wonderful moments that can happen only when you are young. So, it’s better to enjoy the time!
Поставте 4 запитання до тексту.
22.09.2020.
Урок № 5.
1.How can you characterize a person in one word?
Match the adjectives to the reasons:
a) never stop talking--------------- talkative
b) not say a lot ------------------- shy
c) feel angry about not having what others have -------------- jealous
d) talk to everybody -------------- sociable
e) never betray friends ------------ loyal
f) able to think of new ideas ---------- imaginative
j) never tell lies --------------- honest
h) hate spending money -------- mean
2. Some facts about real life and problems of teens. Let’s talk about:
- Problem of unemployment leads to material problems. Young people have to pay for everything, they have needs, they have to pay their bills and etc., but they don't have enough money. Almost all of young people face to shortage of money.
- The housing problem is still unsolved. Usually young people have no chance to buy or to rent an apartment because of soaring of real estate prices. No housing and no hopes to get it. They have to live unsettled life in hard conditions. Some of them have even nowhere to live. Lack of your own dwelling prevents to create young families.
-Alcoholism and drug-addiction is a relatively new problem but it is becoming more and more dangerous. Millions of young people today are using drugs. Usually they want just to try it, starting with light drugs like marijuana. Then they can't stop and after year may be two years they will die. Drug-addiction is a disease. Drug and alcohol consumption can destroy individual's life. Another problem is alcoholism.
3. Чи є у вас підліткові проблеми? напишіть про них.
16.09.2020.
Урок № 4.
Прочитати уважно текст та зробити письмовий переклад на рідну мову:
Youth Organizations in Ukraine / Молодіжні організації в Україні
Youth and the youth movement have become an important factor in the public and political life of our state. Youth are the future of each nation, of each country. Young people have always been the first where it was most difficult, where strong arms and enthusiasm were necessary. Nowadays democratic changes are taking place in Ukraine. Our young people have begun to take a more people interest in the home and foreign policy of Ukraine. All Organizations for schoolchildren are not based in schools, they unite young people of different towns or district.
The strongest youth organization is the Students' Brotherhood. It unites students from all parts of Ukraine. This organization is playing a very important role in democratic changes that are taking place nowadays. A group of members of this organization from different institutes and universities organized a hunger strike in Kyiv in October 1990 and had a great influence ever some decisions of the Ukrainian Parliament. Another youth organization is the Plast. It is like the Boy Scouts. The organization unites boys and girls from the age of fourteen for purposes of education, sports, and culture. The Plast educates its members to be faithful to God and Ukraine. This organization was formed in Lviv in 1911, but from 1930 it did not function. Now boys and girls are very active in newly formed Plast sections.
The independent Ukrainian Youth League is very active in Ukraine too. Its members organize pickets, strikes, and demonstrations.
There are some other organizations whose aims are to revive the Ukrainian culture and traditions, to protect nature, and to maintain free and sovereign Ukraine.
Поставити 4 запитання до тексту.
15.09.2020.
Тема: Молодь та молодіжна культура.
Уважно прочитайте текст, зробіть його письмовий переклад, дайте відповіді на запитання:
The Life of Ukrainian youth - Життя української молоді
Nowadays when our independent state Ukraine is developing, much attention is paid to our youth.
The desire of our young people to become qualified specialists in future motivates them to enter higher educational establishments.
For young people higher education is the method of developing their talents and abilities, their creative potential.
That is why beside their studies they are also engaged in different clubs and organizations.
Almost every school or institute has its own team of “joyful and smart” (KVN).
This game is rather popular among our young people and it helps them to bring out their brightest talents and to create team spirit.
Young people learn to work together, to share the moments of luck and failure.
Besides studies young people are also engaged in scientific and research work.
One may say that nowadays this sphere is not paid too much attention to.
This is true, but still there exist “Young Scientists’ Councils”, where young people can discuss or present their scientific investigations.
There also exists the Ukrainian branch of youth organization Greenpeace in Ukraine.
Young people learn to love their land and the world that surrounds them.
This organization protests against environmental pollution, against extermination of all animals, not only rare species.
Some young people work in their church organizations: they help elderly people, reconstruct our historical monuments and monasteries.
This work brings them closer to our history, teaches them to love their country and respect its past.
A lot of young people go in for sports, that is why schools and institutes have sport clubs and teams.
Our young people are especially interested in football, basketball, hockey, etc.
There also exists a great variety of different clubs in this country.
They are: theatre clubs, where young people stage different literary works; clubs “What? Where? When?”, where they can enlarge their knowledge in different fields of science and life, and so on.
Future belongs to the young, that is why the political life of this country is important to them.
Many young people are engaged in political parties and organizations such as: “the greens”, the Union of Ukrainian Youth, the Scouts.
Questions:
1. What Youth organizations in Ukraine do you know?
2. What are their main aims?
3. What is the way of spending free time by youth in Ukraine?
4. What kinds of sports do young people go in for in Ukraine?
5. What organizations give young people a chance to develop and enlarge their interests and to gain experience in working with others?
304 група
27.09.21. 29.09.21.
Урок 9, 10. Розвиток граматичних навичок. Інфінітив.
Аудіо Інфінітив:
https://grammarway.com/ua/infinitive
Інфінітив – це початкова форма дієслова, яка відповідає на питання:
«Що робити? Що зробити?”
Інфінітив буває з часткою to (to-infinitive) і без частки to (bare infinitive), його ще називають «голий інфінітив»:
to look – дивитись
to know – знати
to understand – розуміти
Дієслова після яких вживається інфінітив:
to agree – погоджуватися
to aim – мати наміром, намагатися, цілитися
to appear – виявлятися, виявитися
to arrange – домовлятися, урегулювати
to ask – просити
to attempt – намагатися
to be able – бути в змозі, могти
to beg – просити, благати
to begin – починати
to care – хотіти, мати бажання
to choose – вибирати
to claim – заявляти, стверджувати
to dare – наважуватися, сміти, мати сміливість
to decide – вирішити, прийняти рішення
to demand – вимагати, просити
to deserve – заслуговувати
to dread – боятися, жахатися
to expect – очікувати
to fail – зазнавати невдачі, провалюватися, не зробити
to get – отримати дозвіл, мати потребу
to happen – виявитися, статися
to hesitate – вагатися, не наважуватися
to hope – сподіватися
to hurry – поспішати
to intend – мати намір, збиратися
to learn – вчитися
to manage – впоратися, зуміти
to need – потребувати, мати потребу
to neglect – забувати, не зробити, нехтувати
to plan – планувати
to prepare – приготуватися
to pretend – робити вигляд, прикидатися
to proceed – перейти до, продовжувати
to promise – обіцяти
to refuse – відмовлятися
to seem – здаватися, мати вигляд
to strive – намагатися, докладати зусилля
to swear – клястися
to tend – мати тенденцію, схилятись, прагнути
to threaten – погрожувати, залякувати
to vow – давати обітницю, клястися
to wait – чекати
to want – хотіти
to wish – хотіти, бажати
Правило: після прикметників вживається інфінітив:
It is so wonderful to see you here! — Так чудово бачити вас тут!
It’s so nice to see you again. — Приємно бачити вас знову.
It was interesting to listen to the lecture on the life of wild animals. — Було цікаво послухати лекцію про життя диких тварин.
•А також з конструкцією too (занадто) + прикметник + інфінітив:
This dress is too big to wear. — Це плаття занадто велике, щоб його носити.
This car is too expensive to buy. — Ця машина дуже дорога, щоб її купувати.
•Або прикметник + enough (досить) + інфінітив:
My child is not tall enough to ride this rollercoaster. — Моя дитина недостатньо великий для того, щоб кататися на цих американських гірках.
The course was detailed enough to widen his knowledge base. — Курс був досить докладним для того, щоб розширити його базу знань.
Вправа 1. Tick the correct item.
1 Greg enjoys … in the rain.
□ walk □ walking □ to walk
2. I’d like … Molly an e-mail now.
□ send □sending □ to send
3. What does Steve want ...?
□ do □ doing □ to do
4. The cold coach watched his team … football.
□ play □ playing □ to play
5. I prefer … detective stories.
□ read □ reading □ to read
6. Would you like something …?
□ drink □ drinking □ to drink
Вправа 2. Complete the sentences with the expression get a good job. Use the Infinitive or the -ing form of the verb get.
1. I want _________________________.
2. I suggest _________________________.
3. I decided _________________________.
4. I recommend _________________________.
5. I hope _________________________.
6. I feel like _________________________.
7. I managed _________________________.
8. I am trying _________________________.
9. I would appreciate _________________________.
10. I will not refuse _________________________.
11. I agree _________________________.
12. I have denied _________________________.