Can be answered with the data
Population of interest is clear
Group(s) of interest is clear
Variable(s) of interest is clear
Intent (summary, comparison, relationship) is clear
Someone is interested in the answer
One variable, Univariate data
I wonder what the typical height of 9MC students is?
https://new.censusatschool.org.nz/resource/posing-summary-investigative-questions/
Both variables are measurements, Bivariate data
Problem: I wonder if there is a relationship between the height of a roller coaster and its top speed
Question: What is the relationship between the height of a roller coaster and its top speed?
2 variables – I measurement & 1 categorical, Multivariate
Problem: I wonder if the way students come to school affects the time it takes them t get to school
Question: Do students at my school who catch the bus tend to take longer to get to school than students at my school who walk?
Further Reading & Resources
Building on I notice I wonder statements - Nosey Parker 2
Pip Arnold: What makes a good Investigative question and more
From FAQ on census at school