Acid reflux means stomach acid flows back up into the esophagus (the tube that connects your mouth to your stomach).
This backflow can irritate the lining of the esophagus and cause discomfort. Acid reflux is a common condition and a symptom pattern, not a diagnosis by itself.
When acid reflux happens often, doctors may call it GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease).
Doctors most often use acid reflux because of common causes such as:
Relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter (a muscle valve)
Large or late meals
Certain foods, such as spicy, fatty, or acidic foods
Lying down too soon after eating
Stress or anxiety, which can worsen symptoms
Acid reflux is very common and often manageable.
People with acid reflux may notice:
Burning sensation in the chest (heartburn)
Sour or bitter taste in the mouth
Regurgitation of food or liquid
Throat irritation or hoarseness
Symptoms that worsen when lying down
Symptoms can vary in frequency and intensity.
Certain foods and large meals can increase stomach acid and make reflux more likely, especially if you lie down soon after eating.
Acid can irritate the esophagus, which sits near the heart, causing pain that can feel similar to chest discomfort.
Lying flat makes it easier for acid to travel upward, especially if food is still in the stomach.
Stress, body position, muscle relaxation, or certain medications can trigger reflux even with small meals.
Doctors may evaluate acid reflux using:
Symptom patterns and triggers
Response to medications
Physical exam
Imaging or scope tests if symptoms are severe or persistent
Many people are treated based on symptoms alone.
Acid reflux is often managed by a primary care doctor.
Gastroenterologist – for ongoing symptoms, swallowing problems, or poor response to treatment
Specialist care depends on symptom severity and duration.
For many people, next steps may include:
Avoiding trigger foods
Eating smaller meals
Not lying down right after eating
Medications if needed
Follow-up if symptoms persist
Many people find relief with lifestyle adjustments.
This page is for educational purposes only.
It does not diagnose any condition.
Always follow guidance from a qualified healthcare professional.