Select Bibliography of Research Resources

RESARCH ARCHIVES

• George A. Smathers Libraries. Zora Neale Hurston Papers. University of Florida at Gainesville, FL.

• Special Collections and University Archives. W.E.B. Du Bois Papers, 1803-1999 (MS 312). University of Massachusetts Amherst Libraries at Amherst, Mass.

• Chronicling America - Search America's historic newspaper pages from 1756-1963 or use the U.S. Newspaper Directory to find information about American newspapers published between 1690-present. Chronicling America is sponsored jointly by the National Endowment for the Humanities and the Library of Congress.

• Africana Theatre and Dance Collection, Howard University 

• Channing Pollock Collection in the Howard University Founders Library

• • Channing Pollock is an archive of extensive theatrical and entertainment world original clippings files that provide an historical sketch of the role and place of Black performers on the American stage, in movies, and on television

• Moorland Spingarn Research Center at Howard University

  • • Moorland Spingarn Collection - Howard Players Collection boxes 42, 43, 44. Howard University at Washington DC. Manuscript Division

    • Moorland Spingarn Collection - Montgomery Gregory Collection. Series C: boxes 3-37. Series D: 37-4, Series F, Series H: Box 37-5, Series L, Series M: Box 37-20. Howard University at Washington DC. Manuscript Division

    • Moorland Spingarn Collection - James Durkee Papers. Series J: Box 32-3, Series K: Box 32-3. Howard University at Washington DC. Manuscript Division

    • Moorland Spingarn Research Center. Alain Leroy Locke Special Collection. Series A, C, D, F, G. Howard University at Washington DC. Manuscript Division

    • Moorland Spingarn Collection - Owen Dodson Collection. Howard University at Washington DC. Manuscript Division

    • Howard University Anne Cooke Collection of Theatre Materials - Staff, MSRC, "COOKE, Anne" (2015). Manuscript Division Finding Aids. 44. https://dh.howard.edu/finaid_manu/44

    • Howard University Journal "HU Journal", (weekly publication) – digital collection (November 1903 – October 1917). Volumes 1-15. - https://dh.howard.edu/huj_v1/1

    • HU Record – digital collection - https://dh.howard.edu/hurecord

    • Howard University Hilltop student newspaper 1924 - 2019. - https://dh.howard.edu/hilltop_192430/91

    • Howard University Course Catalogs (1910-1927) - https://dh.howard.edu/hucatalogs/1

    • Howard University Board of Trustees Minutes 1911 - 1916

    • Howard University Bison Yearbooks (1911 – 2018)

    • Howard University Annual Reports  

      • • Department of Drama/Theatre and Department of English (1933 – 1992)

        • College of Arts and Sciences/Division of Fine Arts Annual Reports (fall 1997 – 2018)

        • College of Fine Arts Annual Reports (fall 1960 – spring 1997)

        • College of Liberal Arts Annual Reports (spring 1912 - 1926)

• Smithsonian Institute - Alma Thomas Papers. Archives of American Art 

• Stuart A. Rose Manuscript, Archives, and Rare Book Library at Emory University: Howard University Former Faculty and Students

  • • The Camille Billops and James V. Hatch Archives:

      • Owen Dodson - former Howard University faculty member and Department of Drama chair/head of department

      • Kelley Miller - former Howard University alum, faculty member and Dean of College of Arts and Sciences

      • May Miller - Howard University alum

      • Isaac G. Bailey and Thurman Family Papers

DISSERTATIONS 

• Bernard, Rachel Deborah. "These Separate Schools: Black Politics and Education in Washington, D.C., 1900-1930." UC Berkley, 2012.

• Cass, Patricia Ruth. "Negro Life and Problems as Reflected in the Drama in the United States 1920-1944." Boston University Graduate School, 1944

• Hogan, Kathryn Frances, "The Status of the Negro in American Drama." Master's Theses. 211. 1940. https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_theses/211

• Hoskins, Vicki L. "Playbill Takes the Stage: The Rise of America's Foremost Theatrical Program" University of Pittsburgh, 2013.

• Lindsey, Treva Blaine. "Configuring Modernities: New Negro Womanhood in the Nation's Capital, 1890-1940." Duke University, 2010.

• Mitchell, Korintha Ann. "A Different Kind of "Strange Fruit": Lynching Drama, African American Identity, and U.S. Culture 1890-1930." University of Maryland College Park 2005.

• Morris, Olive Christine. "The Negro in American Drama." University of Wisconsin, 1928.

• Turner, Ava Marie. "The Contributions of Floyd Leslie Sandle to Black Educational Theatre in Louisiana." Louisiana State University, 2004.

• Young, Patricia. "Female Pioneers in Afro American Drama: Angelina Weld Grimke, Geogia Douglas Johnson, Alice Dunbar Nelson and Mary Powell Burrill." Bowling Green University, 1986.

• ARTICLES & Book Chapters

• • • Baraka, Amiri, "Black Revolutionary Poets Should Also be Playwrights: On Dramatizing Positive Values." Black World, April 1972, pp. 4-6

    • Berkley, Ann, "The Historical Account of Undergraduate Theatre Curricula's Rise in the Academy." JACA 2(1997): 117-124.

    • Bernard, Rachel Deborah, “These Separate Schools: Black Politics and Education in Washington, D.C., 1900-1930.” PhD diss., UC Berkeley, Berkeley, California, 2012.

    • Carter, Burlette W. "Finding the Oscar." George Washington University Law School, 55 Howard Law Journal 107-171 (2011)  

    • Cass, Patricia Ruth, “Negro Life and Problems as Reflected in the Drama in the United States 1920-1944.” A.B. diss., Tufts College, Medford, MA, 1941

    • Cheek, James E., "To Seek a New Direction: Howard in the Decade of the Seventies" (1970). The Writings of James Cheek. 2. 

    • Coleman, Larry D. (1976) "From Revolution to Revelation: The Howard Experience 1969 - 1976," New Directions: Vol. 3: Iss. 4, Article 4.
      Available at: http://dh.howard.edu/newdirections/vol3/iss4/4  

    • Cooke, Anne, "The Wild Duck Comes Home" (1950). Theatre Arts Faculty Publications. Paper 2. http://dh.howard.edu/ta_fac/2  

    • Cooper, Theodore G. (1975) "Growing Up With the Theatre," New Directions: Vol. 2: Iss. 2, Article 5. Available at: http://dh.howard.edu/newdirections/vol2/iss2/5  

    • Crisis Magazines – articles by Willis Richardson, Alain Locke, W. E. B. DuBois, Montgomery Gregory

    • Dodson, Howard. “Howard University, The New Negro Movement, and the Making of African American Visual Arts in Washington DC Part 1.” Callaloo, 39, no. 5, (2016): pp. 983-998.

    • Dodson, Howard. “Howard University, The New Negro Movement, and the Making of African American Visual Arts in Washington DC Part 2.” Callaloo, 39, no. 5, (2016): pp. 1147-1153.

    • Dodson, Howard. Former director of the Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture. Personal Interview. June 22, 2022.

    • Dyson, Walter (1921) "The Founding of Howard University," Howard University Studies in History: Vol. 1: Iss. 1, Article 5. Available at: http://dh.howard.edu/hush/vol1/iss1/5

    • Edmonds, Randolph S. “Negro Little Theatre Movement”  Association for the study of African American Life and History. Negro History Bulletin, JANUARY, 1949, Vol. 12, No. 4 (JANUARY, 1949), pp. 82-86, 92-94. https://www.jstor.org/stable/44214440

    • Galella, Donatella. "Playing in the Dark/Musicalizing A Raisin in the Sun." Continuum: The Journal of African Diaspora Drama, Theatre and Performance. Vol. 1 No. 2 (Jan. 2015)

    • Gates, Henry Louis Jr. “The Trope of a New Negro and the Reconstruction of the Image of the Black.” Representations, no. 24, (Autumn 1988): pp. 129-155.

    • Gregory, Montgomery. 'The Drama of Negro Life." In The New Negro, An Interpretation, ed. Alain Locke, 159. New York: Albert and Charles Boni, 1925.

    • Gregory, Montgomery. "For a Negro Theatre." The New Republic (November 16, 1921) pg 350.

    • Harrison, Paul Carter. "The Crisis of Black Theatre Identity." African American Review , Winter, 1997, Vol. 31, No. 4, Contemporary Theatre Issue (Winter, 1997), pp. 567-578

    • Hart, Denise J. and A. Perkins Kathy, “The Howard University Players.” In The Routledge Companion to African American Theatre and Performance, ed. A. Perkins Kathy, L. Richards Sandra, Alexander Craft Renee and F. DeFrantz Thomas, 140-145. Abingdon: Routledge, 2018.

    • Hay, Samuel A., "Alain Locke & Black Drama." Black World, April 1972, pp. 8-14.

    • Hill, Erroll. "Black Theatre in Form and Style." The Black Scholar , July/August 1979, Vol. 10, No. 10, BLACK THEATRE (July/August 1979), pp. 29-31

    • Hill, Erroll. "The Revolutionary Tradition in Black Drama." Theatre Journal , Dec., 1986, Vol. 38, No. 4, Theatre of Color (Dec., 1986), pp. 408-426.

    • Hobgod, Burnet M. "Theatre in U.S. Higher Education: Emerging Patterns and Problems." Educational Theatre Journal , May, 1964, Vol. 16, No. 2 (May, 1964), pp. 142-159 

    • Holmes, Dwight O. W., "Fifty Years Of Howard University" (1918). Faculty Reprints. Paper 98. http://dh.howard.edu/reprints/98  

    • Hurston, Lucy Ann. Speak, So You Can Speak Again: The Life of Zora Neale Hurston. Washington: Double Day Press, 2004.

    • Johnson, Abby Arthur. "Literary Midwife: Jessie Redmon Fauset and the Harlem Renaissance." Phylon (1960-) , 2nd Qtr., 1978, Vol. 39, No. 2 (2nd Qtr., 1978), pp. 143-153

    • King, Woodie Jr., "Educational THeater and The Black Community: A Question of Relevance. Black World, April 1972, pp. 25-29

    • Kirby, Jack Temple. "D. W. Griffith's Racial Portraiture" Phylon (1960-) , 2nd Qtr., 1978, Vol. 39, No. 2 (2nd Qtr., 1978), pp. 118-127 Published by: Clark Atlanta University 

    • Lewis, David Levering, When Harlem Was in Vogue. London: Penguin Books, 1997.

    • Locke, Alain. “Steps Towards a Negro Theatre.” The Crisis, (New York) December 1922.

    • Locke, Alain. “Enter the New Negro.” Survey Graphic, (New York) March 1925.

    • Massiah, Louis. " Interviews: 1968 Howard University Student Protest." Blackside Inc. November 15, 1988. 

    • McAllister, Marvin. “Shakespeare Visits the Hilltop: Classical Drama and the Howard College Dramatic Club.” In Shakespearean Educations: Power, Citizenship, and Performance, ed. Godfrey Mimi, Kahn Coppelia, S. Nathans Heather, 219-246. Univ. of Delaware Press, 2011.

    • Sophia F. McDowell, Gilbert A. Lowe, Jr. and Doris A. Dockett. "Howard University's Student Protest Movement." The Public Opinion Quarterly , Autumn, 1970, Vol. 34, No. 3 (Autumn, 1970), pp. 383-388.

    • McKay, Nellie. "Black Theater and Drama in the 1920s: Years of Growing Pains" The Massachusetts Review , Winter, 1987, Vol. 28, No. 4 (Winter, 1987), pp. 615- 626  

    • Medford, G. S. "A Review of the Selection of Plays by Howard University's Department of Drama for major Production from Fall 1949 - Spring 1988." The Negro educational review. , 1989, Vol.40(1), p.4.

    • Miller, Henry. "Valorizing Ancestor Discourse: Harlem Renaissance Criticism and Theatre Theory." Continuum: The Journal of African Diaspora Drama, Theatre and Performance Volume 2 Number 2 – Critical Conversation – March 2016.

    • Miller, Jeanne-Marie A. “Georgia Douglas Johnson and May Miller: Forgotten Playwrights of the New Negro Renaissance.” CLA Journal, 33, no. 4. (June 1990): pp. 349-366.

    • Miller, Kelly, "Forty Years of Negro Education" (1908). Faculty Reprints. 145. https://dh.howard.edu/reprints/145  

    • Nathans, Heather. "Interviews and Afterviews on "Milestones in Black Theatre." The Journal of American Drama and Theatre. Volume 33, Number 2 (Spring 2021)

    • Perkins, Kathy. "Black Women Playwrights: an Anthology of Plays before 1950." First Midland Book (1990).

    • Rampersad, Arnold. "The Book That Launched the Harlem Renaissance." The Journal of Blacks in Higher Education , Winter, 2002-2003, No. 38 (Winter, 2002-2003), pp. 87-91.  

    • Relerford, Jimisha I., “Campus Protest and Composition Pedagogy: G. David Houston’s Activist Rhetoric at Howard University.” Spectrum, 9 no. 1-2 (Autumn 2021): pp. 21–36.

    • Rowell, Chales Henry, "An Interview with Howard Dodson." Callaloo 38.1 (2015): pp. 119-138.

    • Sandle, Floyd Leslie. "A History of the Development of the Educational Theatre in Negro Colleges and Universities From 1911 to 1959." PhD diss., Louisiana State University, 1958.

    • Scarupa, Harriet Jackson (1989) "The Cheek Era at Howard (1969-89) A Remarkable Record of Achievement," New Directions: Vol. 16: Iss. 3, Article 2.
      Available at: http://dh.howard.edu/newdirections/vol16/iss3/2  

    • Shanahan, Ann M. and Fliotsos, Ann, "Introduction to “Sustaining Black Theatre,” by Harvey Young" (2016). Department of Fine & Performing Arts: Faculty Publications and Other Works. 11. https://ecommons.luc.edu/dfpa/11 

    • Stewart, Jeffrey C. The New Negro. New York: Oxford University Press, 2018.

    • Van Diver, Rebecca. "Art Matters: Howard University's Department of Art from 1921-1971." Callaloo , 2016, Vol. 39, No. 5, DC and MD IN THE HISTORY OF AMERICAN ART (2016), pp. 1199-1218.

    • Walton, Lester A. "The Future of the Negro On The Stage". The Colored American Magazine, May & June 1903. 

    • Walker, Ethel Pitts. "Krigwa, a Theatre by, for, and about Black People." Theatre Journal , Oct., 1988, Vol. 40, No. 3, Perspectives in Theatre History (Oct., 1988), pp. 347-356 

    • Willis, Richard A. and McElroy, Hilda "Published Works of Black Playwrights In the United States 1960-1970. Black World, April 1972, pp. 92-97

    • Winston, Michael R. “Through the Back Door: Academic Racism and the Negro Scholar in Historical Perspective.” Daedalus, 100, no. 3 (Summer 1971): pp. 678-719.

    • Wright, Joshua K. "Views from the Mecca: A History of Student takeovers at Howard University." Abernathy Magazine 2018 https://abernathymagazine.com/views-mecca-howard-university/ 

    • Wright, W. D. "The Thought and Leadership of Kelly Miller." Phylon (1960-) , 2nd Qtr., 1978, Vol. 39, No. 2 (2nd Qtr., 1978), pp. 180-192. 

    • Wronski, Todd. " Theater in American Higher Education: Respected Discipline or Academic "Poor Cousin?" The Journal of Aesthetic Education , Autumn, 1990, Vol. 24, No. 3 (Autumn, 1990), pp. 107-115. 

    • Zaluda, Scott. “Composing a "National Negro Theater: Playwriting Courses at Howard University in the 1920s.” Viewpoints, (March 1995): pp. 2-18.

    • Zaluda, Scott. "Lost Voices of the Harlem Renaissance: Writing Assigned at Howard University, 1919-31." College Composition and Communication , Dec., 1998, Vol. 50, No. 2 (Dec., 1998), pp. 232-257

DIGITAL ARCHIVIES BEST PRACTICES 

To guide the creation of this digital research site I relied on the following archival sites, guidelines and research materials: 

• Development for the Digital Humanities

  • Providing the intellectual and strategic scaffolding to aid DH researchers successfully complete their research endeavors

• Project Management for the Digital Humanities 

  • The Emory Center for Digital Scholarship worked with the Emory University Libraries and Information Technology Services Project Management Office to develop a curriculum for managing digital projects in academic libraries and other settings in service to the global digital scholarship community.

• The American Theatre Archive Project 

  • The American Theatre Archive Project (ATAP), created in 2009, is an initiative of the American Society for Theatre Research (ASTR) that advocates for the preservation of American theatrical legacy. Specifically, ATAP provides resources to assist living theatre companies in managing their current and archival records.

• Society of American Archivists 

  • Founded in 1936, the Society of American Archivists is North America's oldest and largest national professional association dedicated to the needs and interests of archives and archivists. SAA represents more than 6,200 professional archivists employed by governments, universities, businesses, libraries, and historical organizations nationally.

• The Association of Moving Images Archives

  • The Association of Moving Image Archivists is an international nonprofit association dedicated to the preservation and use of moving image media. 

• Digital Workshop: Community and Family Archives Through Digital Humanities. 

  • A crash course in creating Community & Family Archives through various digital humanities platforms and cloud storage platforms, such as Omeka, the Internet Archive and Google Drive. The workshop provides basic digitization guidelines, archival description best-practices, and recommendations for digital archives and exhibit platforms.