Krok 1 – 2015 Base(Microbiology)
1. In order to speed up healing of a wound of oral mucosa a patient was prescribed a drug that is a thermostable protein occuring in tears, saliva, mother’s milk as well as in a new-laid hen’s egg. It is known that this protein is a factor of natural resistance of an organism. What is it called?
1. Interferon
2. Complement
3. Interleukin
4. Lysozyme
5. Imanine
2. Patient with vomiting, dizziness, sensation of dubble vision, difficult swallowing was admitted to the hospital. Doctor suspects botulism. What diagnostic methods should be used for diagnosis approving?
1. Bacteriological, mycological
2. Allergic test, serological
3. Biological test, bacteriological
4. Protozoological, microscopical
3. In a 2-year-old child with catarrhal presentations and skin rash a pediatrician suspected scarlet fever. The child was given intracutaneously a small dose of serum antibody to the streptococcal erythrogenic toxin; on the site of injection the rash disappeared. What do the reaction results mean?
1. The disease wasn't caused by haemolytic streptococcus
2. The child has hypersensitivity to the erythrogenic toxin
3. The whole serum dose may be injected intravenously
4. The clinical diagnosis was confirmed
5. The child has very weak immune system
4. In the surgical department of a hospital there was an outbreak of hospital infection that showed itself in often postoperative wound abscesses. Bacteriological examination of pus revealed aurococcus. What examination shall be conducted to find out the source of this causative agent among the department personnel?
1. Phagotyping
2. Microscopical examination
3. Serological identification
4. Estimation of antibiotic susceptibility
5. Biochemical identification
5. A man who was bitten by the unknown dog applied to the surgeon. Wide ragged woundes were localised on the face. What curative-prophylactic aid should be given to prevent rabies?
1. Hospitalize the patient and keep under the doctor's supervision
2. Immediate injection of DPT(Diphtheria, Pertusis, Tetanus) vaccine
3. Prescribe combine antibiotic therapy
4. Start immunisation with rabies vaccine
5. Immediately inject normal gamma globulin
6. A patient has been suffering from elevated temperature and attacks of typical cough for 10 days. Doctor administered inoculation of mucus from the patient’s nasopharynx on the agar. What microorganism is presumed?
1. Pfeiffer's bacillus
2. Listeria
3. Staphylococcus
4. Pertussis bacillus
5. Klebsiella
7. Clinical diagnosis of a female patient was gonorrhoea. What examination method can be applied for confirmation of this diagnosis?
1. Infection of laboratory animals
2. Test with bacteriophage
3. Hemagglutination reaction
4. Microscopy of pathological material
5. Immobilization reaction
8. During examination of a patient a dentist revealed a lot of “white spots” – zones of enamel demineralization. What microorganisms take part in the development of this process?
1. Streptococcus salivarius
2. Streptococcus mutans
3. Streptococcus pyogenes
4. Veilonella parvula
5. Staphylococcus epidermidis
9. A patient recovered from Sonne dysentery and was once more infected with the same causative agent. What is such infection form called?
1. Recidivation
2. Reinfection
3. Persisting infection
4. Chronic infection
5. Superinfection
10. A patient with clinical signs of encephalitis was delivered to the infectious diseases hospital. Anamnesis registers a tick bite. Hemagglutination-inhibition reaction helped to reveal antibodies to the causative agent of tick-borne encephalitis in the dilution 1:20 which is not diagnostic. What actions should the doctor take after he had got such result?
1. To apply more sensitive reaction
2. To examine the same serum
3. To repeat examination with another diagnosticum
4. To deny diagnosis of tick-borne encephalitis
5. To repeat the examination with serum taken 10 days later
11. From the defecation of a 6-year-old ill child, who has artificial feeding, the intestinal bacillus with antigen structure 0-111 is excreted. What is the diagnosis?
1. Gastroenteritis
2. Cholera-like diseasis
3. Food poisoning
4. Disentery-like diseasis
5. Coli-enteritis
12. A man died from an acute infectious disease accompanied by fever, jaundice, haemorrhagic rash on the skin and mucous membranes as well as by acute renal insufficiency. Histological examination of renal tissue (stained by Romanovsky-Giemsa method) revealed some convoluted bacteria looking like C und S letters. What bacteria were revealed?
1. Campilobacteria
2. Leptospira
3. Borrelia
4. Spirilla
5. Treponema
13. Sanitary bacteriological research on water by the membrane filter method revealed two red colonies on a membrane filter (Endo agar) through which 500 ml of analyzed water were passed. Calculate the coli index and coli titer of the analyzed water:
1. 250 and 4
2. 2 and 500
3. 250 and 2
4. 500 and 2
5. 4 and 250
14. Bacteriological examination of purulent discharges from the urethra revealed gram-negative bacteria looking like coffee beans. They were localized in the leukocytes and could decompose glucose and maltose to acid. These are the causative agents of the following disease:
1. Syphilis
2. Gonorrhoea
3. Veneral lymphogranulomatosis
4. Soft chancre
5. Melioidosis
15. Blood of a patient with presumable sepsis was inoculated into sugar broth. There appeared bottom sediment. Repeated inoculation into blood agar caused growth of small transparent round colonies surrounded by hemolysis zone. Examination of a smear from the sediment revealed gram-positive cocci in form of long chains. What microorganisms are present in blood of this patient?
1. Tetracocci
2. Sarcina
3. Micrococci
4. Staphylococci
5. Streptococci
16. A man was admitted to the hospital on the 5th day of disease that manifested itself by jaundice, muscle aching, chill, nose bleedings. In course of laboratory diagnostics a bacteriologist performed dark-field microscopy of the patient’s blood drop. Name a causative agent of this disease:
1. Borrelia dutlonii
2. Calymmatobacterium granulomatis
3. Leptospira interrogans
4. Bartonella bacilloformis
5. Rickettsia mooseri
17. Reaction of passive hemagglutination conducted with erythrocytic typhoid Vi-diagnosticum helped to reveal some antibodies in the dilution of the patient’s serum at a ratio of 1:80 that exceeds the diagnostic titer. Such result witnesses of:
1. Being a potential carrier of typhoid bacilli
2. Being ill with acute typhoid fever
3. Reconvalescence of a patient ill with typhoid fever
4. Incubation period of typhoid fever
5. Typhoid fever recurrence
18. From pharynx of a child with suspected diphtheria a pure culture of microorganisms was isolated. Their morphological, tinctorial, cultural and biochemical properties appeared to be typical for diphtheria causative agents. What study should be conducted in order to drow a conclusion that this is a pathogenic diphtheria bacillus?
1. Estimation of proteolytic properties
2. Estimation of urease activity
3. Estimation of toxigenic properties
4. Estimation of cystinous activity
5. Estimation of ability to decompose starch
19. Examination of a child revealed some whitish spots looking like coagulated milk on the mucous membrane of his cheeks and tongue. Analysis of smears revealed gram-positive oval yeast-like cells. What causative agents are they?
1. Staphylococci
2. Actinomycetes
3. Diphtheria bacillus
4. Candida
5. Fusobacteria
20. A laboratory received a material from a patient’s wound. Ppreliminary diagnosis is gaseous gangrene. What microbiological method should be applied to determine species of causative agent?
1. Bacteriological
2. Bacterioscopic
3. RIA
4. Serological
5. Allergic
21. Among junior children of an orphanage an outbreak of intestinal infection with signs of colienteritis was registered. In order to identify isolated causative agent it is necessary to:
1. To determine sensitivity to antibiotics
2. To study sensitivity to bacteriophages
3. To study biochemical properties of the causative agent
4. To study virulence of the causative agent
5. Study antigenic properties of the causative agent
22. A virological laboratory obtained pathological material (mucous discharges from nasal meatuses) taken from a patient with provisional diagnosis “influenza”. What quick test will allow to reveal specific viral antigen in the material under examination?
1. Direct and indirect immunofluorescence test
2. Direct and indirect fluorescence immunoassay
3. Radioimmunoassay
4. Hemagglutination inhibition assay
23. On bacteriological study of rinsing water of the patient with food poisoning, the pure bacterial culture was inoculated with the following properties: gram-negative motile bacillus in the Endo environment grows like achromic colony. Representative of what genus has caused the illness?
1. Citrobacter
2. Shigella
3. Salmonella
4. Yersinia
5. Escherichia
24. A female patient underwent liver transplantation. 1,5 month after it her condition became worse because of reaction of transplant rejection. What factor of immune system plays the leading part in this reaction?
1. Interleukin-1
2. Natural killers
3. T-helpers
4. B-lymphocytes
5. T-killers
25. Planned mass vaccination of all newborn 5-7 day old children against tuberulosis plays an important role in tuberculosis prevention. In this case the following vaccine is applied:
1. Diphteria and tetanus toxoids and pertussis vaccine
2. Adsorbed diphtheria vaccine
3. Diphtheria and tetanus anatoxin vaccine
4. BCG
26. For serological diagnostics of the whooping cough it was made large-scale reaction with parapertussis and pertussis diagnosticums. At the bottom of the test-tubes with diagnosticum of Bordetella parapertussis grain-like sediment formed. What antibodies have this reaction revealed?
1. Agglutinins
2. Precipitins
3. Opsonins
4. Bacteriolysins
5. Antitoxins
27. During the regular sanitary-epidemiological inspection of a pharmacy, the bacteriological analysis of air was performed. The air was found to have bacilli, yeast fungi, hemolytic streptococci, micrococci. Which of the detected microorganisms indicate the direct epidemic danger?
1. Haemolytic streptococci
2. Yeast fungi
3. Bacilli
4. Micrococci
28. Bacteriological examination of a patient with food poisoning required inoculation of a pure culture of bacteria with the following properties: gram-negative movable bacillus that grows in the Endo’s medium in form of colourless colonies. A representative of which species caused this disease?
1. Iersinia
2. Salmonella
3. Esherichia
4. Citrobacter
5. Shigella
29. A 65-year-old man has purulent abscess on his neck. Analyses revealed a culture of gram-positive cocci with plasmocoagulase activity. This culture relates most likely to:
1. Staphylococcus aureus
2. Staphylococcus epidermidis
3. Staphylococcus saprophyticus
4. Streptococcus pyogenes
30. For the purpose of retrtospective diagnostics of recent bacterial dysentery it was decided to perform serological examination of blood serum in order to determine antibody titer towards Shiga bacilli. What of the following reactions should be applied?
1. Hemolysis
2. Passive hemagglutination
3. Precipitation
4. Bordet-Gengou test
5. Bacteriolysis
31. Microscopical examination of a microbal culture revealed fusiform spore-forming microorganisms that get violet-blue Gram’s stain. What microorganisms were revealed?
1. Streptococci
2. Clostridia
3. Spirochaete
4. Diplococci
5. Actinomycete
32. A culture of monkey cells (Vero) and a group of mouse sucklings were infected with an inoculum taken from a child with provisional diagnosis “enterovirus infection”. There was no cytopathic effect on the cell culture but mouse sucklings died. What enteric viruses might have caused disease of this child?
1. Coxsackie A
2. Coxsackie B
3. ECHO virus
4. Polioviruses
5. Unclassified enteric viruses 68-71
33. Quite often the cause of secondary immunodeficiency is an infection involvement, when the causative agents propagate directly in the cells of immune system and destroy it. The following diseases are characterized by:
1. Q-febris, epidemic typhus
2. Tuberculosis, mycobacteriosis
3. Poliomyelitis, type A hepatitis
4. Infectious mononucleosis, AIDS
5. Dysentery, cholera
34. A 16 y.o. boy from a countryside entered an educational establishment. Scheduled Manteux test revealed that the boy had negative reaction. What are the most reasonable actions in this case?
1. To isolate the boy temporarily from his mates
2. To repeat the reaction in a month
3. To perform serodiagnostics of tuberculosis
4. To perform BCG vaccination
5. To perform rapid Price diagnostics
35. A patient with clinical presentations of immunodeficiency went through immunological examinations. They revealed significant loss of cells that form rosettes with erythrocytes of a ram. What conclusion can be made according to the analysis data?
1. Decrease of T-lymphocytes rate
2. Decrease of complement system rate
3. Insufficiency of effector cells of humoral immunity
4. Decrease of natural killer cell rate
5. Decrease of B-lymphocytes rate
36. A bacteriological laboratory received sputum sample of a patient suffering from tuberculosis. Bacterioscopic examination of smears and detection of tuberculosis bacillus can be realized by one of enrichment methods that involves processing of sputum only with solution of caustic soda. What is this method called?
1. Flotation
2. Inactivation
3. Filtration
4. Neutralization
5. Homogenization
37. While examining a patient an otolaryngologist noticed hyperaemia and significantly edematous tonsils with a grayish film upon them. Microscopical examination of this film revealed some gram-positive bacilli placed at an angle with each other. What disease might be suspected?
1. Meningococcal nasopharyngitis
2. Angina
3. Scarlet fever
4. Epidemic parotitis
5. Diphtheria
38. The donor who for a long time didn’t donate the blood was investigated with IFA method. Anti-HBs antibodies were revealed. What does positive result of IFA in this case mean?
1. Acute hepatitis C
2. Acute hepatitis B
3. Chronic hepatitis С
4. Previous hepatitis B
5. Chronic hepatitis В
39. A 4-year-old child presents with general weakness, sore throat and deglutitive problem. After his examination a doctor suspected diphtheria and sent the material to the bacteriological laboratory. In order to determine the diphtheria causative agent the material should be inoculated into the following differential diagnostic medium:
1. Ploskyrev's agar
2. Blood tellurite agar
3. Endo's agar
4. Sabouraud's agar
5. Levenshtein-Yessen agar
40. Patient with diarrhoea was admitted to the infection unit. Gramnegative curved rod-like bacteria were founded on bacterioscopic examination of faecal masses. What is the most likely disease in this patient?
1. Intestinal form of plague
2. Cholera
3. Typhoid fever
4. Salmonellosis gastroenteritis
5. Diphtheria
41. During surgical operation a blood transfusion was made. The blood must be checked to find antigens of some disease. What disease is expected to be found?
1. Adenovirus
2. Virus of hepatitis A
3. Virus of hepatitis B
4. Enterovirus
5. Virus of hepatitis E
42. In order to determine toxigenicity of diphtheria bacilli a strip of filter paper impregnated with antitoxic diphtherial serum was put on the dense nutrient medium. There were also inoculated a microbal culture under examination and a strain that is known to be toxigenic. If the microbal culture under examination produces exotoxin, this will result in formation of:
1. Haemolysis zones
2. Zones of lecithovitellinous activity
3. Zones of diffuse opacification
4. Precipitin lines
5. Precipitin ring
43. Urine examination of a patient with acute cystitis revealed leukocytes and a lot of gram-negative bacilli. Inoculation resulted in growth of colonies of mucous nature that formed green soluble pigment. What microorganism is the most probable cause of the disease?
1. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
2. Escherihia coli
3. Klebsiella pneumonia
4. Salmonella enteritidis
5. Proteus mirabilis
44. A patient with complaints of 3-day-long fever, general weakness, loss of appetite came to visit the infectionist. The doctor suspected enteric fever. Which method of laboratory diagnosis is the best to confirm the diagnosis?
1. Detachment of blood culture
2. Detachment of myeloculture
3. Detachment of urine culture
4. Detachment of feces culture
5. Detachment of pure culture
45. Examination of a young man in the AIDS centre produced a positive result of immune-enzyme assay with HIV antigens. Patient’s complaints about state of his health were absent. What can the positive result of immune-enzyme assay be evidence of?
1. Being ill with AIDS
2. Being infected with HBV
3. HBV persistence
4. HIV infection
5. Having had AIDS recently
46. A duodenal content smear of a patient with indigestion contains protosoa 10-18 mcm large. They have piriform bodies, 4 pairs of filaments, two symmetrically located nuclei in the broadened part of body. What kind of the lowest organisms is it?
1. Balantidium
2. Trichomonas
3. Dysentery ameba
4. Lamblia
5. Intestinal ameba
47. In order to estimate toxigenity of diphtheria agents obtained from patients the cultures were inoculated on Petri dish with nutrient agar on either side of a filter paper strip that was put into the centre and moistened with antidiphtheric antitoxic serum. After incubation of inoculations in agar the strip-like areas of medium turbidity were found between separate cultures and the strip of filter paper. What immunological reaction was conducted?
1. Precipitation gel reaction
2. Agglutination reaction
3. Coomb's test
4. Rings precipitation reaction
5. Opsonization reaction
48. While registering the child to the school Mantu’s test was made to define whether revaccination was needed test result is negative. What does this result of the test mean?
1. Absence of antibodies for tubercle bacillus
2. Presence of cell immunity to the tuberculosis
3. Absence of cell immunity to the tuberculosis
4. Absence of antitoxic immunity to the tuberculosis
5. Presence of antibodies for tubercle bacillus
49. During the repeated Widal’s agglutination test it was noticed that the ratio of antibody titers and O-antigens S.typhi in the patient’s serum had increased from 1:100 to 1:400. How would you interpret these results?
1. The patient is a chronic carrier of typhoid microbes
2. The patient is an acute carrier of typhoid microbes
3. The patient previously had typhoid fever
4. The patient was previously vaccinated against typhoid fever
5. The patient has typhoid fever
50. Examination of a patient with pustular skin lesions allowed to isolate a causative agent that forms in the blood agar roundish yellow middle-sized colonies surrounded by haemolysis zone. Smears from the colonies contain irregular-shaped clusters of gram-positive cocci. The culture is oxidase- and catalase-positive, ferments mannitol and synthesizes plasmocoagulase. What causative agent was isolated?
1. Staphylococcus aureus
2. Streptococcus agalactiae
3. Staphylococcus epidermidis
4. Staphylococcus saprophyticus
5. Streptococcus pyogenes
51. Vomiting matters of a patient suspected of having cholera were delivered to the bacteriological laboratory. The material was used for preparing a “hanging drop” specimen. What type of microscopy will be applied for identification of the causative agent by its mobility?
1. Immersion microscopy
2. Electron microscopy
3. Phase-contrast microscopy
4. Immune and electron microscopy
5. Fluorescence microscopy
52. A 10-year-old child had the mantoux tuberculin test administered. 48 hours later a papule up to 8 mm in diameter appeared on the site of the injection. What type of hypersensitivity reaction developed after the tuberculin injection?
1. Seroreaction
2. Arthus phenomenon
3. Atopic reaction
4. Type IV hypersensitivity reaction
5. Type II hypersensitivity reaction
53. While studying a microslide obtained from the punctuate of a regional lymph node and stained by Romanovsky-Giemsa method a physician revealed some light-pink thin microorganisms with 12-14 regular spiral coils and pointed ends, up to 10-13 micrometer long. This might be the causative agent of the following disease:
1. Leishmaniasis
2. Trypanosomiasis
3. Syphilis
4. Relapsing fever
5. Leptospirosis
54. A patient suffering from periodical attacks caused by inhalation of different flavoring substances was diagnosed with atopic bronchial asthma. IgE level was increased. This is typical for the following type of reactions:
1. Cytotoxic reactions
2. Immunocomplex reactions
3. Anaphylactic reactions
4. delayed-type hypersensitivity
5. Autoimmune reactions
55. Scraps of the mycelium of a fungus, spores, air bubbles and fat drops were discovered on microscopy of the patient’s hair excluded from the infected areas. For what fungus disease is this microscopic picture characteristic?
1. Trichophytosis
2. Favus
3. Microspory
4. Sporotrichosis
5. Epidermophytosis
56. Study of bacteriological sputum specimens stained by the Ziel-Neelsen method revealed some bright-red acid-resistant bacilli that were found in groups or singularly. When inoculated onto the nutrient media, the signs of their growth show up on the 10-15 day. These bacteria relate to the following family:
1. Yersinia pseudotuberculosis
2. Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis
3. Micobacterium tuberculosis
4. Histoplasma dubrosii
5. Coxiella burnettii
57. Microscopy of stained (Ziehl-Neelsen staining) smears taken from the sputum of a patient with chronic pulmonary disease revealed red bacilli. What property of tuberculous bacillus was shown up?
1. Acid resistance
2. Alkali resistance
3. Alcohol resistance
4. Capsule formation
5. Sporification
58. Inoculum from pharynx of a patient ill with angina was inoculated into blood-tellurite agar. It resulted in growth of grey, radially striated (in form of rosettes) colonies 4-5 mm in diameter. Gram-positive bacilli with clublike thickenings on their ends placed in form of spread wide apart fingers are visible by microscope. What microorganisms are these?
1. Diphtheroids
2. Botulism clostridia
3. Streptococci
4. Streptobacilli
5. Diphtheria corynebacteria
59. The first grade pupils were examined in order to sort out children for tuberculosis revaccination. What test was applied for this purpose?
1. Anthraxine test
2. Supracutaneous tularin test
3. Burnet test
4. Schick test
5. Mantoux test
60. Microscopic examination of a Gram-stained scrape from patient’s tongue revealed oval, round, elongated chains of dark-violet gemmating cells. What disease can be caused by this causative agent?
1. Streptococcic infection
2. Actinomycosis
3. Candidosis
4. Staphylococcic infection
5. Diphtheria
61. A consumptive patient has an open pulmonary form of disease. Choose what sputum staining should be selected for finding out the tubercle (Koch’s) bacillus?
1. Method of Romanowsky-Giemsa
2. Method of Gram
3. Method of Neisser
4. Method of Ziel-Neelsen
5. Method of Burry-Gins
62. Material taken from a patient with provisional diagnosis “influenza” was referred to a laboratory. For virological examination the hemadsorption reaction was applied. This reaction can be applied for detection of the following viruses:
1. Any viruses
2. DNA-genomic viruses
3. Viruses containing hemagglutinins
4. All the simple viruses
5. All the complex viruses
63. A patient who came to the doctor because of his infertility was administered to make tests for toxoplasmosis and chronic gonorrhoea. Which reaction should be performed to reveal latent toxoplasmosis and chronic gonorrhoea of the patient?
1. Immunoblot analysis
2. RIHA - Reverse indirect hemagglutination assay
3. IFA - Immunofluorescence assay
4. (R)CFT- Reiter's complement fixation test
5. RDHA - Reverse direct hemagglutination assay
64. As a result of durative antibiotic therapy a 37-year old patient developed intestinal dysbacteriosis. What type of drugs should be used in order to normalize intestinal microflora?
1. Autovaccines
2. Sulfanilamides
3. Eubiotics
4. Bacteriophages
5. Vitamins
65. Gramnegative bin-shaped diplococcus inside and outside of leucocytes were detected on bacteriological examination of the purulent exudates from the cervix of the uterus. Name the causative agent of purulent inflammation of the cervix of the uterus.
1. Haemophilus vaginalis
2. Chlamidia trachomatis
3. Neisseria gonorroeae
4. Trichomonas vaginalis
5. Calymmatobacterium granulomatis
66. A patient of surgical department complains about pain in the small of her back and in the lower part of her belly; painful and frequent urination. Bacteriological examination of urine revealed gram-negative oxidase-positive rod-like bacteria forming greenish mucoid colonies with specific smell. What causative agent can it be?
1. Proteus mirabilis
2. Str.pyogenes
3. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
4. E.coli
5. Mycoplasma pneumonie
67. It is planned to use the territory of an old cattle burial ground (which is not used for more than 50 years) for building houses. But ground analysis revealed presence of the pathogen of the very dangerous illness. Which of the indicated microorgonisms is likely to remain in the ground for such a long time?
1. Bacillus anthracis
2. Francisella tularensis
3. Brucella abortus
4. Yersinia pestis
5. Mycobacterium bovis
68. A 7 year old child often suffers from streprococcic angina. Doctor suspected development of rheumatism and administered serological examination. The provisional diagnosis will be most probably confirmed by presence of antibodies to the following streptococcic antigen:
1. C-carbohydrate
2. O-streptolysin
3. M-protein
4. Capsular polysaccharide
5. Erythrogenic toxin
69. A pregnant woman was registered in an antenatal clinic and underwent complex examination for a number of infections. Blood serum contained IgM to the rubella virus. What is this result indicative of?
1. Of primary infection
2. The woman is healthy
3. Of exacerbation of a chronic disease
4. Of a chronic process
5. Of recurring infection with rubella virus
70. A 42-year-old man who has been injured in a car accident is brought into the emergency room. His blood alcohol level on admission is 250 mg/dL. Hospital records show a prior hospitalization for alcohol related seizures. His wife confirms that he has been drinking heavily for 3 weeks. What treatment should be provided to the patient if he goes into withdrawal?
1. Phenobarbital
2. Diazepam
3. Pentobarbital
4. Phenytoin
5. None
71. A specimen stained by Ozheshko method contains rod-like microorganisms stained blue with round terminal components stained red. What are these components called?
1. Flagell
2. Capsules
3. Spores
4. Mesosomas
5. Cilia
72. On bacteriological examination of the defecation of a 4-months-old baby with the symptoms of acute bowel infection there were revealed red colonies spread in the large quantity in the Endo environment. What microorganism can it be?
1. Streptococcus
2. Salmonella
3. Escherichia
4. Staphylococcus
5. Shigell
73. In a patient with clinical signs of immunodeficiency the number and functional activity of T and B lymphocytes are not changed. Defect with dysfunction of antigen-presentation to the immunocompetent cells was found during investigation on the molecule level. Defect of what cells is the most probable?
1. NK-cells
2. Т-lymphocytes, В-lymphocytes
3. Macrophages, monocytes
4. Fibroblasts, Т- lymphocytes, В-lymphocytes
5. 0-lymphocytes
74. A 50-year-old patient with typhoid fever was treated with Levomycetin, the next day his condition became worse, temperature rised to 39,60С. What caused worthening?
1. Allergic reaction
2. Secondary infection addition
3. Reinfection
4. The effect of endotoxin agent
5. Irresponsiveness of an agent to the levomycetin
75. The person was selling “homemade pork” sausages on the market. State sanitary inspector suspected falcification of the sausages.With help of what serological immune reaction can food substance be identified?
1. Precipitation test
2. Indirect hemagglutination test
3. Agglutination test
4. Complement- fixation test
5. Immunofluorescence test
76. Bacteriological laboratory examines canned meat whether it contains botulinum toxin. For this purpose an extract of test specimen and antitoxic antibotulinic serum of A, B, E types were introducted to a group of mice under examination; a control group of mice got the extract without antibotulinic serum. What serological reaction was applied?
1. Opsono-phagocytic
2. Precipitation
3. Complement binding
4. Neutralization
5. Double immune diffusion
77. From the nasopharynx of a 5-year-old child it was excreted amicroorganism which is identical to Corynebacterium diphtheriae dose according to morphological and biochemical signs.Microorganism does not produce exotoxin. As a result of what process can this microorganism become toxigenic?
1. Passing through the organism of the sensative animals
2. Phage conversion
3. Growing with antitoxic serum
4. Cultivation in the telluric environment
5. Chromosome mutation