台以商會。初次發佈於2025年9月。本文內容在人工智慧的協助參與下撰寫完成。非商業使用。
你知道以色列的「基布茲」（Kibbutz）嗎？它不僅是一種居住社區，更是一場以「平等、合作、民主」為核心的社會實驗。
在這次的討論裡，我們帶你一起探索：
傳統基布茲如何透過會員大會、秘書處和委員會來治理社區
為何所有工作都不分貴賤，人人平等、共享資源
1980 年代開始的改革：私有化、企業法人化、董事會制度的引入
基布茲如何在傳統與現代化之間找到平衡
這段社會實驗能給今天的我們什麼啟示？
無論你對社會學、組織治理、經濟模式，或是替代生活方式有興趣，這集都能帶給你新的思考。
內容勘誤：01:47 可能為 1933 年合作社條例的修訂；13:59 提到改革年份係始於 1980 年代；19:09 商業部門負責人委任專業經理人者日益普遍。
敬請注意：本次討論係根據以下文本內容製作，包括以色列與國內外學者的書籍著作、期刊文章與碩博士論文。由於各基布茲情況不盡相同，實際個案可能與影片中的討論存在部分差異。
Citations below follow the rules of APA 7th Edition.
Books
Gavron, D. (2000). The Kibbutz – Awakening from Utopia. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
Leviatan, U. (2003). Is It the End of Utopia? The Israeli Kibbutz at the Twenty-First Century. Centre for the Study of Co-operatives, University of Saskatchewan.
Dissertations and Theses
Diao, L. (2021). Collective Defense by Common Property: the Rise and Fall of the Kibbutz (Doctoral dissertation). Simon Fraser University.
Gorodetzer, J. W. (1947). The Economy of the Kibbutz (Master's thesis). Boston University.
Senderowicz, O. (2023). From Society to Community: Privatizing the Israeli Kibbutz (1975-2020) (Doctoral dissertation). University of Michigan.
Journal Articles
Abramitzky, R. (2008). The Limits of Equality: Insights from the Israeli Kibbutz. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 123(3), 1111–1159.
Abramitzky, R. (2011). Lessons from the Kibbutz on the Equality–Incentives Trade-off. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 25(1), 185-207.
Amir, E., Churchman, A. & Wachman, A. (2005). The Kibbutz Dwelling: Ideology and Design. Housing, Theory and Society, 22(3), 147–165.
Casakin, H. & Reizer, A. (2017). Place attachment, residential satisfaction, and life satisfaction: Traditional and renewed kibbutz. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 27(7), 639-655.
Cheng, E. & Sun, Y (2015). Israeli Kibbutz: A Successful Example of Collective Economy. World Review of Political Economy, 6(2), 160-175.
Don, Y. (1998). The Kibbutz: Issues of Existence and Models of Survival. Journal of Rural Cooperation, 26(1-2), 119-128.
Fisher, N. (2017). Non-Jewish volunteers in the Kibbutz Movement and the establishment of state conversion in Israel in the 1970s. Israel Affairs, 23(5), 908-933.
Gamson, Z. F. (1975). The kibbutz and higher education: Cultures in collision? Jewish Sociology and Social Research, 2(1), 10-28.
Malan, J. S. (1994). Ideological and structural reforms in the Kibbutz system. S.Afr.Tydskr.Etnol., 17(4), 121-126.
Mittelberg, D. & Ari, L. L. (1995). Jewish Identity, Jewish Education and Experience of the Kibbutz in Israel. Journal of Moral Education, 24(3), 327-344.
Moskovich, Y. & Achouch, Y. (2013) From Collectivism to Capitalism: Cultural Change in a Kibbutz Factory in Israel. Journal of Rural Cooperation, 41(1), 80-95.
Shapira, R. (2016). Rethinking reverence for Stalinism in the kibbutz movement. Israel Affairs, 22(1), 20-44.