Agricultural runoff is one of the significant environmental effects of modern food production in Colombia, as it is the primary source of water pollution. This usually happens due to fertilizers, animal waste, and pesticides entering waterways, causing nutrient pollution, pesticide contamination, and antibiotic resistance. 

Shifting cultivation is an agricultural practice that has altered the landscape in Colombia. Due to the rapid population growth, Colombia has faced soil degradation and deforestation when the "fallow" periods aren't long enough for proper recovery. 

The dietary patterns in Colombia are seen to hold a high consumption of honey and sugar and low consumption of fruits and vegetables.