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Learn to use your camera! For this assignment the cinematographer must shoot on DSLR
Learn to use your camera! For this assignment the cinematographer must shoot on DSLR
For the next portfolio assignment, cinematography will be a focus. You must adhere to the following structure/technical shot specifications:
- Create a scenario based around the same structure as our last project (the Hitchcock scene formula), i.e...
>Establishing shot in Deep Focus
>Establishing shot in Deep Focus
>Track/Dolly in
>Track/Dolly in
>Montage of static shots*
>Montage of static shots*
>Dolly Out
>Dolly Out
The montage of static shots* central scene must meet the following parameters:
Group 2's Task - Hitchcock's 4-step Scene
Group 2's Task - Hitchcock's 4-step Scene
Click the image above to access the worksheet
Montage of static shots*
Montage of static shots*
1) Includes a 2 way dialogue
1) Includes a 2 way dialogue
2) Uses Shallow Focus (consider noir/low-light - shallow focus is easier)
2) Uses Shallow Focus (consider noir/low-light - shallow focus is easier)
3) Include one shot where you 'rack the focus' on a key line, or object, as attention shifts/we 'pull-back-and-reveal'
3) Include one shot where you 'rack the focus' on a key line, or object, as attention shifts/we 'pull-back-and-reveal'
Camera Latitude: DLSR or Mirrorless Camera
Ability to expose the darkest and the lightest part of the frame.
Exposing for the detail int he foreground without the sky blowing out can be difficult.
Each camera has it's own latitude exposure
Download a C-Log/S-Log flat picture profile setting: This will give you more range for working in post production. The more stylised you shoot the original footage the less control you will have later when editing.
Pizza story!
Exposure:
ISO - boosts cameras sensitivity to light - keep as low as possible in all situations
Aperture
Lighting
Shutter Angles Shutter Speed
Shutter Angles Shutter Speed
What does shutter speed control?
Exposure — depending the lighting conditions, a slow shutter will brighten the image and a fast shutter speed will darken it.
Motion — the slower the shutter speed, the more motion blur you'll create. The faster the shutter, the motion will appear sharp and jittery.
Shutter Angles & Shutter Speed in Film
Shutter speed in photography is one of the essential things to understand, and it forms, along with aperture and ISO, the basics of the Exposure Triangle.
Shutter speed is the time that the camera shutter is open and, therefore, capturing and exposing light. Shutter angle vs shutter speed
In truth, shutter angle and shutter speed are the same thing — they're just measured differently. Shutter speed is measured in time (typically fractions of a second) and shutter angle is measure in degrees. For the most part, shutter speed is more applicable to still photography while shutter angle is the go-to designation in film and video.
For example, let's say you're shooting at 24fps with a shutter speed of 1/48th of a second (which is a 180 degree shutter angle). If you want to increase your frame rate to 48fps and you want the same level of motion blur, you'll have to adjust your shutter speed to the equivalent speed. Since we doubled our frame rate, we have to double our shutter speed from 1/48th to 1/96th.
Or, if you use shutter angle, you can just leave the setting at 180 degrees and no matter what frame rate you choose, your camera will keep that ratio between frame rate and shutter speed locked in.
Aperture and Depth of Field
Aperture and Depth of Field
The aperture refers to the opening of the lens. When you hit the shutter release button to take the picture, a hole opens to capture the image. The aperture is the size of that hole. The larger, the more light gets in, and the smaller, the less light. They’re measured in ‘f-stops.’ Moving from one f-stop to another either doubles the size or halves it.
The greater the size the shallower the depth of field of the shot. This can be used to focus on a subject and blur the background guiding the viewers eye to the object or person in focus.
Essentially through the use of depth of field you are feeding the audience a visual story through focusing on key points of interest.
Here's a quick breakdown of aperture's role in creating depth of field.
Deep depth of field vs. shallow depth of field
A shallow depth of field refers to a small area in focus. Often the subject is in focus, while the background is blurred. This is best for portraits, and one way to adjust this is with aperture. A deep depth of field captures a larger area in focus, often keeping everything in the image sharp and clear.
Perhaps the most famous example of deep depth of field comes from Citizen Kane. In this film, Orson Welles uses deep depth of field to emphasize the sprawling estate of Charles Foster Kane. But he also uses it to show Charles as a child, in focus, playing in the background while his parents sell him to high society.
A wider field of depth allows for more room for movement so fight scenes or sports can be captured with these.
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