Volume and capacity

uses direct comparison to compare two objects and indicates whether they are the same or different based on attributes such as length, height, mass or capacity (e.g. compares the length of two objects by aligning the ends; pours sand or water from one container to another to decide which holds more)

measures an attribute by choosing and using multiple identical, informal units

chooses and uses appropriate uniform informal units to measure length and area without gaps or overlaps (e.g. uses the same sized paper clips to measure the length of a line; uses tiles, rather than counters to measure the area of a sheet of paper because the tiles fit together without gaps)

uses multiple uniform informal units to measure and make direct comparisons between the mass or capacity of objects (e.g. uses a balance scale and a number of same-sized marbles to compare mass; uses a number of cups of water or buckets of sand to measure capacity)

estimates the total number of uniform informal units needed to measure or compare attributes (e.g. uses a handspan or a finger width; stands an arm length apart)

checks an estimate using informal units to compare to predicted measurement 

measures an attribute by counting the number of units used

uses familiar household items as benchmarks when estimating mass and capacity (e.g. compares capacities based on knowing the capacity of a bottle of water)

uses rows, columns and layers to calculate the volume in cubes of a rectangular prism (e.g. My prism has four rows of two cubes in the first layer and I’ve made it three layers high so that’s 4 × 2 = 8 and 3 × 8 = 24, so the volume is 24 cubes)

estimates the measurement of an attribute by visualising between known informal units (e.g. uses a cup to measure a half cup of rice; determines that about three sheets of paper would fit across a desk, and close to six might fit along it, so the area of the desk is about eighteen sheets of paper)

explains the difference between different attributes of the same shape or object (e.g. area and perimeter, mass and capacity)

uses scaled instruments to measure length, mass, capacity and temperature

estimates measurements of an attribute using formal units (e.g. estimates the width of their thumb is close to a centimetre; compares capacities based on the capacity of a 600 ml bottle of water)

converts between metric units of measurement

describes the relationship between metric units of measurement and the base-ten place value system

establishes and uses formulas for calculating the volume of a range of prisms

uses the conversion between units of volume and capacity to calculate the capacity of objects based on the internal volume and vice versa