Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) Originally adopted in English by the United Nations in 2006. Official versions exist in both English and Spanish. Source: UN Treaty Collection
The States Parties to the present Convention,
(g) Emphasizing the importance of mainstreaming disability issues as an integral part of relevant strategies of sustainable development,
(h) Recognizing also that discrimination against any person on the basis of disability is a violation of the inherent dignity and worth of the human person,
(i) Recognizing further the diversity of persons with disabilities,
(j) Recognizing the need to promote and protect the human rights of all persons with disabilities, including those who require more intensive support,
Los Estados Partes en la presente Convención,
g) Poniendo de relieve la importancia de que las cuestiones relativas a la discapacidad sean parte integrante de las estrategias pertinentes de desarrollo sostenible,
h) Reconociendo también que la discriminación contra cualquier persona por razón de su discapacidad constituye una violación de la dignidad y el valor inherentes del ser humano,
i) Reconociendo además la diversidad de las personas con discapacidad,
j) Reconociendo la necesidad de promover y proteger los derechos humanos de todas las personas con discapacidad, incluidas aquellas que necesitan un apoyo más intenso,
Literal Translation: This is the most common technique in legal documents, where the goal is absolute fidelity to the source text to prevent any legal misinterpretation.
Examples: "The States Parties to the present Convention" is translated as "Los Estados Partes en la presente Convención." Similarly, "violation of the inherent dignity and worth of the human person" is a literal translation to "violación de la dignidad y el valor inherentes del ser humano."
Modulation: This is a technique that involves a shift in perspective or point of view, without changing the meaning. It is often used to make the translation more natural and idiomatic in the target language.
Examples: The phrase "mainstreaming disability issues as an integral part of relevant strategies" is translated as "que las cuestiones relativas a la discapacidad sean parte integrante de las estrategias pertinentes." The English verb "mainstreaming" (to integrate into the main body) is not translated literally. Instead, the Spanish uses the phrase "sean parte integrante," which conveys the same meaning of integration in a more natural way for a Spanish-language legal document. Another instance is "those who require more intensive support" which is translated to "aquellas que necesitan un apoyo más intenso." While "requieren" is a possible translation for "require," the verb "necesitan" (to need) is a more natural fit in this context.
Ley N.º 238 de Panamá (2021) Expands maternity protection to fathers and grants leave in case of maternal death. Source: Gaceta Oficial de Panamá – Sept 16, 2021
Artículo 2. En caso de fallecimiento de la madre biológica durante el parto o en los días posteriores a este, el padre tendrá derecho a una licencia de duelo remunerada por el término de doce (12) semanas, continuas e ininterrumpidas, a partir de la fecha del deceso, con el fin de asistir, cuidar y proteger a su hijo recién nacido o recién nacida.
Artículo 3. En el caso de adopción, el padre adoptivo tendrá derecho a la licencia remunerada de paternidad por un término de dos (2) semanas, contadas a partir del momento en que se le haga entrega del menor de edad, con el fin de propiciar la integración y la adaptación del menor a la familia.
Article 2. In the event of the biological mother's death during childbirth or in the days following it, the father shall be entitled to a paid bereavement leave for a period of twelve (12) consecutive and uninterrupted weeks, starting from the date of death, in order to assist, care for, and protect his newborn son or daughter.
Article 3. In the case of adoption, the adoptive father shall be entitled to paid paternity leave for a period of two (2) weeks, counted from the moment the minor is handed over to him, in order to promote the integration and adaptation of the minor into the family.
Literal Translation: This is the most common and essential strategy in legal translation. It involves translating words and phrases as closely as possible to their original form to maintain accuracy and legal precision. For example, "fallecimiento de la madre biológica" is directly translated as "the biological mother's death."
Modulation: This strategy involves a change in the point of view or perspective without altering the meaning. It is used to make a translation sound more natural or idiomatic in the target language. The Spanish phrase "por el término de" is a specific legal idiom that is better translated using modulation as "for a period of" in English legal language.
Adaptation: This technique involves replacing a source text item with a target language item that is culturally or legally more appropriate for the new context. While there isn't a significant cultural concept to adapt in this particular text, an example could be the term "licencia de duelo" (bereavement leave). In some legal systems, this might be referred to as "compassionate leave" or "familial leave." The term "bereavement leave" is a very close and accurate adaptation that fits the legal context in many English-speaking jurisdictions, providing a familiar and understood legal term to the reader.