Contrary motion is when two melodic lines travel in opposite directions. That is, when one of the lines moves up, the other line moves down.

Oblique motion is when one melodic line stays the same while another changes. That is, when one of the lines moves up/down, the other line stays the same.

Parallel motion is when two melodic lines moves in the same direction at the same interval. That is, when one of the lines moves up/down, the other line does the exact same.

Similar motion is when two melodic lines moves in the same direction at different interval. That is, when one of the lines moves up/down, the other line does the same but at a different rate.

2 or more different rhythms played at once

Many layers playing the same rhythm, or if a rhythmic motif comes back in another section.

Check out the whole song on the left, but you'll hear rhythmic unity in the extreme from 06:00

Long 'slow' rhythms contrasted to short 'quick' rhythms

Legato (smooth and connected) notes at the same time as Staccato (short and detached) notes.

A rhythm that is on the beat played at the same time a rhythm is played off the beat

Monophonic

Homophonic

Polyphonic

Heterophonic

High phrases contrast low phrases

Dominant layer contrasting with subordinate layers

A motif that is repeated by another layer

A phrase is stated then an alternate phrase responds

'Busy' phrases that contrast less active phrases

regular rhythms contrast less predictable rhythms

A scalic phrase contrasts a leaping phrase