Exploiting someone's weakness for personal gain.

Convincing someone to give up important people or things to create codependency.

Lying, denying, blaming, or making vague accusations.

Withholding the truth, affection, or communication.

Judging, ridiculing, or criticizing someone to make them feel insecure.

Using language that is difficult to understand or coercive.

Crying outbursts or fits of rage to intimidate or guilt-trip someone.

Making excuses, minimizing, or rationalizing one's behavior.