The problems I identified are:

1.Students' poor attention in class.

2.Teacher’s attention during oral recitation focuses on the more-knowledgeable students.

3.Lack of resources such as learning materials.

4.Teacher’s poor knowledge of technology integration.

5.Student’s struggle to focus and learn online.

Make a choice of your ACTION 

A. Conduct a Tutorial
One possible solution to address students' difficulties with comprehension is to hold a tutorial session. This would involve providing clear steps and strategies, drawing from expert advice or reliable sources, as well as our own teaching experiences. The goal is to help students improve their understanding of the material by guiding them through the content in a more personalized way.

B. Show Video Lessons
Another approach is to use video lessons. This method integrates technology and can help students struggling with comprehension. Similar to a tutorial, but with a focus on visual learning, video lessons can provide students with a better understanding of difficult concepts. Watching these lessons allows students to reflect on their own comprehension and helps them improve their ability to grasp the material.

C. Create Learning Tasks to Improve Comprehension
If students are having trouble with comprehension, we can design specific tasks and activities aimed at improving their understanding. These could include oral reading exercises, reading selections followed by questions, providing word definitions and usage examples, or introducing a "word of the day" activity where students create sentences using new vocabulary. These activities are engaging and can directly support students in enhancing their comprehension skills over time.

    What we’ve noticed about the problem is that there can definitely be more than one solution. As teachers, we face various challenges every day in the teaching and learning process, especially when it comes to helping our students fully understand the lessons. It’s our responsibility to explore different ways to support our students and ensure they learn effectively. Instead of sticking to just one approach, we should be open to trying different solutions and finding the ones that best meet the needs of our students. By being flexible and creative, we can create a more inclusive and effective learning environment. 

Scenario A

Can you identify Miss Fely’s problem?

The main issue is the lack of hands-on activities that allow students to actively participate in the learning process. Without these engaging activities, students miss out on first-hand experiences that help them retain information. Additionally, there is no use of technology, such as PowerPoint presentations, videos, or images, which could enhance their understanding.

Can you find a solution to solve her problem? 

Yes.

a. Hands-on and Collaborative Activities – One solution is to organize activities where students can classify animals into vertebrates or invertebrates, either individually or in groups. For example, we could have two teams—one focused on vertebrates and the other on invertebrates. Each team would select animals for their category and present their findings to the class. This method encourages teamwork and student engagement, making the lesson more interactive and enjoyable.

b. Technology Integration – We could use videos or PowerPoint presentations to show different animals and their classifications. These visual tools will help students better understand and remember the material. The power of images is especially effective for retention, as it enables students to connect information with what they see, helping them remember it longer.

What solution can solve Miss Fely’s problem?
If Miss Fely encourages students to engage in hands-on activities and incorporates technology into her lessons, students will become more motivated and interested in learning.

How?
By using interactive activities and integrating technology, Miss Fely can create a more dynamic and engaging learning environment.

Are they matched with the problem?
Yes. If Miss Fely moves away from just discussing the classification of animals and instead encourages interactive activities and incorporates technology, she will capture the attention of the Grade 4 students. Young kids love to have fun while learning, so blending learning with enjoyable activities is an effective strategy.

Scenario B

Can you identify the most probable teaching-learning problem/s in the class of Sir Ryan?
a. The impact of poverty on students' growth and learning.
b. There is likely a high rate of absenteeism in class.

Can you propose a solution to solve one of the problems that you have identified?

    While we can't solve poverty with a single plan, we can motivate students from low-income backgrounds by ensuring they have equal access to resources and educational opportunities. To address absenteeism, one solution is to conduct home visits to understand the students’ situations, encourage them to attend school, and motivate them to finish their education. Additionally, teachers can choose teaching strategies, methods, and materials that are engaging, relevant to students’ lives, and promote learning, which can ultimately improve student attendance and performance.

After reading the two scenarios given above, how would identifying problematic situations and finding solutions to these problems help you to become a better teacher?  Explain:

    It’s essential for us to identify problems in the classroom so that we can come up with effective solutions. By doing so, we can ensure a smoother teaching and learning process. When we face the same issues again, we will already have strategies in place to handle them. As teachers, our main goal is to support the growth and success of our students. If problems arise, we need to recognize them and find ways to address them to help our students succeed. Ultimately, we want the best learning experience for our students, and by solving problems, we can create a more engaging environment that helps both them and us grow as better educators.

OBSERVE

What problematic situation prevails in the classroom?
    The main issue we face is students' difficulty in comprehending the material, which leads to a poor understanding of the topics and results in short-term learning.

REFLECT

What changes do you want to achieve?
We want our students to improve their comprehension skills, especially in reading, as it is a critical part of the learning process.

PLAN

What strategies will you use to improve the situation?
As teachers, our first step would be to integrate technology into the lessons. We could begin by showing a video lesson on strategies for overcoming reading comprehension difficulties. We would also share helpful tips from our own experiences to guide students in better understanding and reflecting on the material. In addition, we would organize a reading activity where students read a passage and answer questions to check their comprehension. To assist further, we could provide a list of challenging words, along with their definitions and example sentences, to help with vocabulary. We could also encourage students to read books that are suitable for their level. For example, we might assign one book for class discussion and ask students to maintain a reading log, reflecting on each chapter and sharing their insights on the story.

ACT

What would be the title of your Action Research should you conduct the study?
Technology Integration and Incorporating Reading Activities to Address Students’ Difficulty in Comprehension

Solutions/actions
By incorporating technology and engaging activities, we aim to provide students with the tools and strategies they need to improve their reading comprehension skills, ensuring that learning is deeper and more long-lasting.

1. B

2. D, A, G

3. D, A

4. C, F

5. E

I. Title of Action Research
Interventions to Address the Various Causes of Absenteeism: Action Research

II. Author/s:
Jill Friedman Cole

III. Abstract
This paper defines action research (AR) and emphasizes the importance of conducting such studies to improve the lives of both students and professionals. It offers a summary of existing literature on factors related to truancy and absenteeism. The paper highlights the significance of students being present and engaged in school, discusses the negative consequences of poor attendance and dropping out, and evaluates the effectiveness of programs like Check & Connect and other approaches aimed at improving attendance. The evidence shows that having a check-in and reward system for students with frequent absences helps reduce truancy. The paper concludes with study results and their implications.
Keywords: absenteeism, truancy, school counselors, school refusal interventions

IV. Identify the Problem in the Study
The problem identified in the study is the negative impact of poor attendance on students, including the risk of dropping out and the consequences this has on their academic progress and future success.

V. Identify the Action Taken in the Study
The study explores the benefits of implementing check-in and reward systems, as well as attendance intervention programs, for students with frequent absences. It suggests that making parents aware of the school's attendance policy from the beginning of the school year, and emphasizing the importance of early education, can help improve student attendance. The study also recommends involving parents in the action research to understand the underlying reasons for absences and to adjust attendance programs accordingly. Collaboration with other educators and student service professionals is crucial when creating a plan for students who are often absent. Additionally, the study suggests addressing tardiness separately or creating a program that focuses on ensuring students arrive at school on time.