NATIONAL PHYSICAL SCIENCE CONSORTIUM
Graduate fellowships in science, mathematics, and engineering
https://npsc.onlineapplications.net/applications/
US citizens, women encouraged
NSF Graduate Fellowship
Eligibility: undergraduate seniors, 1st and 2n year grad students, US Citizens or permanent residence
Dissertation fellowships for African American (US citizens)
UNCF● Merck Graduate Science Research Dissertation Fellowships
http://umsi.uncf.org/sif#ScienceResearchDissertation
Department of Defense
NDSEG - National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship
https://ndseg.asee.org/about_ndseg/supported_disciplines
American Fellowships:
Women, US citizens/permanent residents
https://www.aauw.org/resources/programs/fellowships-grants/current-opportunities/
IBM Fellowship
http://www.research.ibm.com/university/phdfellowship/index.shtml
Hertz Fellowship
Eligibility: 1st year grad students or gap year students, US Citizens or permanent residence
http://www.hertzfoundation.org/
Aimed on supporting URM students:
Ford Fellowship (Dissertation and Postdoctoral Fellowship/Academia Path)
NSF AGEP (Requires an AGEP institution/collaboration to qualify; it can only be an extension to an already existing NSF grant/ Academia and Industry Path)
Graduate Funding Opportunities for various research areas listed at JHU website