Originally, a z/OS developer uses JCL to write scripts and submit them to the system. This is asynchronous: after submitting the job, the JCL script will have an end after the system provided the necessary sources, therefore the developer must continuously poll data from z/OS to see when the job was finished and continue from there. For such work, e.g. VSCode with Zowe Explorer and USS is used. The JCL has limitations from the past, and creates problems for users coming from modern Linux and Windows.
The ZOAU supports executing automation tasks on z/OS via shell commands and Python, also let the users run traditional shell commands. The shell commands follow the UNIX standard. For Python, it provides libraries to access data sets, manage and process data, also the z/OS. The ZOAU also provides shared libraries for Node.js.
In total:
enables easier calling of MVS utilities compared with JCL
provides natural coding experience on UNIX System Services
provides interfaces in modern programming languages
ZOAU documentation for different versions:
https://www.ibm.com/docs/en/zoau