LESSON 1 - CONSTRUCTING SENTENCES (TYPES OF CLAUSES AND SENTENCES)
TO KNOW - TYPES OF CLAUSES (DEPENDeNT AND INDEPENDeNT)
TO BE ABLE TO - FORM SIMPLE, COMPOUND AND COMPLEX SENTENCES USING DEPENDANT AND INDEPENDANT CLAUSES
TYPES OF SENTENCES - THE BASICS
SIMPLE SENTENCES
An independent clause (or main clause) stands by itself as a simple sentence. No additional information is needed for the sentence to be grammatically correct.
Example
COMPOUND SENTENCES
An independent clause can be combined with another independent clause by using a coordinating conjunction (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so) to form a compound sentence.
Example
COMPLEX SENTENCES
A dependent clause starts with a subordinating conjunction (because, that, if) and cannot stand alone in the sentence. One or two dependent clauses combined with an independent clause form a complex sentence.
Example
COMPLEX SENTENCES CONT
If a sentence begins with an independent clause and is followed by a dependent clause, a comma is not needed. However, if the sentence begins with a dependent clause, a comma must be used to introduce the independent clause.
Example
Simple Compound and Complex Sentences Worksheet.pdf
YOUR TASK - COMPLETE THE WORKSHEET PROVIDED
Use your notes and your own knowledge of grammar and punctuation to complete the worksheet provided. This will allow you to practice constructing and analysing the three types of sentences.
LESSON 2 - prepositions and conjunctions
TO KNOW - The function of prepositions and conjunctions (joining words)
TO BE ABLE TO - identify and use prepositions and conjunctions in sentences
prepositions
Prepositions are connectiong words. A preposition links a noun or a pronoun to another word in a sentence and shows how two things relate to each other. Prepositions can be:
In space, where things are relative to each other.
In time, when things happen relative to each other.
Conjunctions
Conjunctions are words that join together other words or groups of words and show the relationship between two things. The three types of conjunctions are:
Examples
Coordinating Conjunctions
Coordinating conjunctions join together two things of usually equal importance. There are seven coordinating conjunctions, they are: for, and, nor, but, or, yet and so.
The best way to remember it is FANBOYS.
Subordinating Conjunctions
Subordinating Conjunctions link two clauses, but make one of them subordinate, which means that the dependent clause does not make sense on its own.
Examples
Correlative conjunctions
Correlative conjunctions are pairs of words that join together clauses of equal importance.
Conjunctions and Prepositions.pdf
YOUR TASK - COMPLETE THE WORKSHEET PROVIDED
Use your notes and your own knowledge of joining words to complete the worksheet provided. This will allow you to practice constructing and analysing sentences using different types of joining words.
LESSON 3 - using text connectives
TO KNOW - types of text connectives
TO BE ABLE TO - write cohesive sentences using text connectives at the start of sentences
text connectives
In order to write cohesive paragraphs, your writing should flow. Using joining words or text connectives will help you do this. Text connectives show the way in which different sentences relate to one another, and help to make logical links between the paragraphs of a piece of writing.
Different text connectives work in a variety of ways:
(Write down each type of text connective and examples)
Additive connective
They can introduce additional information.
qualifying connective
They can offer a condition to what has been previously discussed.
illustrative connective
They can clarify information.
temporal connective
They can indicate time, which is important in narrative writing.
sequencing connective
They can show a sequence of ideas, which is useful for essay writing.
casual connective
They can show cause and effect.
text connectives.pdf
YOUR TASK - COMPLETE THE WORKSHEET PROVIDED
Use your notes and your own knowledge of texts connectives to complete the worksheet provided. This will allow you to practice identifying and using types of text connectives.
LESSON 4 - language techniques (simile, metaphor, personification and connotation)
TO KNOW - the language techniques of simile, metaphor, personification and connotation
TO BE ABLE TO - identify and use language techniques in your writing
language techniques
A language techniques is a technique used by a writer to have a particular impact or effect upon the reader. Similes, metaphors, personification and connotation are all language techniques and you can use your understanding of them to help you analyse and create texts.
simile
A simile is a form of comparison whereby one thing is said to be similar to another thing.
Similes are often introduced by the words ‘like’ or ‘as.
metaphor
A metaphor is a form of comparison whereby one thing is said to be another thing. It is not a literal comparison, but rather a comparison made to indicate a broader idea.
personification
Personification is a form of comparison where a non- human thing is given human characteristics.
connotation
The term connotation refers to a word's implied meaning, not just the literal meaning.
language techniques.pdf
YOUR TASK - COMPLETE THE WORKSHEET PROVIDED
Use your notes and your own knowledge of texts connectives to complete the worksheet provided. This will allow you to practice identifying and using types of language techniques.