Cloud and Networking Concepts

Virtualization

Virtualization takes advantage of these under-utilized and unused resources.
One of main advantages of using virtualization is its ability of support multiple server, desktop and other operating systems in a single physical hardware platform. It does this by the use of a hypervisor.

The hypervisor appliance/program will be able to provide virtualize component to each individual virtual machine.
The guest operating systems won’t be able to tell the difference in the hardware (AMD vs Intel processor), this is one of the main benefits of the hypervisor.
It emulates the hardware and other components making the guest operating system function as though it’s currently in its native operating environment.
Virtual Network Adapter
Virtual Networking

The Type 1 hypervisor is seldom called a bare-metal hypervisor.
This type of deployment is installed directly on the hardware rather than on top of a host operating system.
The bare-metal or Type 1 hypervisor has direct access to all the hardware resources.

The Type 2 hypervisor is an application which is runs on top of an existing host operating system such as Microsoft Windows, Apple Mac OS X or Linux.
This deployment does not allow the hypervisor application to interact directly with the hardware resources such as the processor, RAM, etc.

Allows you to visualize an application without having to deploy it within a virtual machine.
Uses the resource for the application only as compared to running an entire virtual machine.

This is when you have many virtual machines running at the time and isn't sure which virtual machine is running a specific application.
Removing or disabling a VM without knowledge of the application on it can disrupt services.
To prevent VM Sprawling ensure you document the purpose of each virtual machine for record keeping and accountability.

A virtual machine is an isolated environment.
There is typical no way an application is able to access resource outside a VM until explicit granted.
In a VM Escape, an attacker is able to break out of a virtual machine can compromise other VMs or the host operating system.
Ensure the virtual machines and hypervisors are always up-to-date.

The resources on a Cloud Computing system can be accessible from anywhere and anytime.
Reduces the need for physical appliances and equipment at a location.
Reduces the maintenance of the online platform as most are automatically done by the Cloud solution provider.
Reduces the need for a dedicated IT team within an organization.
Allows organizations to only pay for the resources they use and nothing more.

A tenant is a single customer on a cloud provider platform.
Multi-tenant is multiple customers using the same cloud provider platform.
Tenant isolation allows multiple customers to use the same shared resources within the data center but each customer is isolated from accessing another customer resources.

The Software as a Service (SaaS) deployment model is where the cloud solution provider offers access to only the interface of an application.
A simple exam is using either Microsoft’s Office 365 solution or Google’s G Suite of applications.

the cloud solution providers offers the operating systems, programming frameworks such as a programming language environment such as a developer environment.

the actually physical hardware and software resources which are used for storage, networking, etc.
These devices are firewalls, virtual machines (VMs), databases, storage clusters, etc.
Some example of IaaS services/platforms are Microsoft’s Azure, Google Cloud Platform, Amazon AWS.

In the Private cloud model, the organization owns the data center and the infrastructure is managed locally.
The data center would contain SaaS, PaaS and even IaaS solutions all virtualized and accessible by the employees within the organization only.

Unlike the Private model, the Public deployment model is available to everyone on the Internet.
An example is Google Drive and Dropbox.

The Hybrid model is a mixture between the Private and the Public cloud deployment model.
An organization may have a their data locally backed-up on the Private data center but have it replicated to an online Public cloud solution provider.

The Community is where several organization share the resources on a cloud platform.
This can be a group of companies with similar interest or partnerships all accessing and sharing resources amongst each other.

An on-premise deployment all your data and application is hosted on your local devices.
You own the data center and the devices.
On a Hosted deployment, your servers and applications are not within your building.
Your applications and devices may be running in a data center you do not own.
Within a cloud-based solution, resources are always available to you on-demand.

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