California oak woodlands are home to 20 native species of oak trees as well as several species of shrubs and herbs, which are usually shade tolerant. In general, oak trees are adapted to frequent, low-intensity fires and have deep, large tap roots in order to access water and other resources. These oak habitats are extremely diverse and home to hundreds of animal species. Below are just some of the species that can be found in oak woodlands.
The Coast Live Oak is an evergreen oak found along the coast ranges of California.
They are well adapted to coastal climate and is somewhat salt tolerant due to its coastal range.
Photo: NPSThe California Black Oak is a deciduous oak found along mountain ranges throughout California
They produce high quality acorns that are eaten by Native Americans and wildlife.
Photo: NPSThe Canyon Live Oak is an evergreen oak and is the most widespread oak in California
They are fire tolerant and are able to regenerate quickly through basal sprouting after forest fires.
Photo: flickr / Doug BeckersThe Interior Live Oak is an evergreen oak found in the coastal ranges, Central Valley, and Sierra foothills.
They are shade tolerant, especially when young, which allows them to grow in the shady understory.
Photo: flikr / David A. HofmannThe Engelmann Oak is an evergreen oak native to Southern California.
Natural regeneration of this oak is thought to poor due to grazing by cattle compacting the soil.
Photo: Wikimedia Commons/Noah ElhardtThe Oregon White Oak is a deciduous tree found in Northwestern California and the Pacific Northwest.
Oregon oaks are well adapted to hot, dry conditions and can survive severe drought.
Photo: Wikimedia Commons/BrewbrooksThe California Honeysuckle is a slow growing and long lived flowering shrub.
Its flowers provide nectar for bees and hummingbirds and its berries provide an important food source for several species.
Photo: Flickr/David HofmannThe Blue Wildrye is a common and widespread perennial shrub.
It has a thick, fibrous root system.
Photo: Flickr/Matt LavinToyon is an evergreen shrub that is also known as California Holly, which is what Hollywood is named for.
Toyon is drought resistant and can grow in a wide variety of soils.
Photo: NPSPoison oak is a perennial, deciduous shrub.
A famous saying is "Leaves of three, let it be!" This refers to how it contains urushiol oil, an allergen that causes rashes on humans.
Photo: NPS / Sonya DawThe California Quail is California's state bird. It is able to obtain most of their water from the food they eat.
Photo: NPS / Gary LindquistThe acorn woodpecker lives in large family groups. They stores hundreds of acorns in a granary tree, which can have up to 50,000 holes in it.
Photo: NPSThe common garter snake is a widespread species that can survive extreme environmental conditions.
They are low-level predators that feed on small animals and are eaten by other animals found higher on the food web.
Photo: Wikimedia Commons / Mark A. WilsonThe California kangaroo rat is a nocturnal species.
They eat seeds and berries, getting the majority of their water from their diet. They bury their food in caches near their burrows.
The Townsend's big-eared bat are found in abandoned mines or caves.
They specialize in eating moths and other insects. They do not migrate, but are sensitive to disturbances.
Photo: Flickr / USFWSThe California Newt is endemic to California and the largest native Salamander species in the Santa Monica Mountains
During mating seasons, they migrate from their terrestrial habitats to streams and ponds to reproduce.
Photo: Flickr / Steve JurvetsonThe Swainson's Hawk is listed as a state threatened species. This is mainly due to loss of habitat. They can be found in open oak woodlands and are adept at catching insects.
Photo: NPS / Patrick MyersThe California Red-Legged Frog is listed as threatened at the State and Federal Level. This is thought to be due to habitat degradation, competition with non-native species, and chytrid fungus.
They were reintroduced to the Santa Monica Mountains in 2014
Photo: NPSThe Northern Spotted Owl is listed as Threatened at the State and Federal Level. This is due to habitat loss and competition with another owl species.
It is a subspecies of Spotted Owl found in Northern California
Photo: NPS / Taylor EllisThe barbed goatgrass is an invasive weed that is unpalatable for livestock. It is able to outcompete native perennial bunchgrasses. It is currently managed using prescribed burns.
Photo: NPS / Eric WrubelThe yellow starthistle is an invasive noxious weed that is adapted to Mediterranean climate. It is currently managed and controlled using prescribed burns, herbicides, and physical removal.
Photo: NPSReferences