• Is the scene safe?

• What happened?(cardiac or non-cardiac case)

o Nature of Illness

o Cause of Injury

• How many people are injured?

• Are there bystanders who can help?

• What help is available?

• Asking for consent?

• Quick check for Responsiveness and Breathing (Gently Tap the Shoulders say “Are you OK?”)

• If unresponsive Call Local Emergency no. and get an Automated External Defibrillator (AED).

• Check for pulse not more than 10 seconds

ABC and CAB

Note: It is important that the Airway, Breathing, Circulation (ABC) algorithm is for non-cardiac cases. Compression, Airway, Breathing (CAB) algorithm is the sequence to follow for a person who is not breathing and no pulse.

Call for Medical Assistance and Transport Facility

Depending on the situation;

If not alone:

• Ask someone to call for help and/or a physician (If available).

• Ask somebody to arrange for transfer facility.

If alone:

• Call First (the local emergency number before giving care

o Any adult or child about 12 years of age or older who is unconscious.

o Any child or an infant suddenly collapses in your sight or presence.

o An unconscious child or infant known to have heart problem.

• Care First (give 2 minutes of care, then call the local emergency number.

o An unconscious child (younger than about 12 years of age) who you did not see collapse.

o Any drowning cases.

• Interview the victim

S – Signs and symptoms (How do you feel? Do you feel pain or discomfort anywhere? )

A – Allergies (Do you have any known allergies or allergic reactions? Has there been any recent exposure?)

M – Medications (What medications are you taking? Are they over-the counter or prescription? What is the medication for? When was it last taken? Can you tell me where the medication is so we can keep it with you?)

P – Pertinent past medical history (Has anything like this happened before? Are you currently under a health care provider's care for anything? Could you be pregnant (if a woman)?)

L – Last intake and output (When did you last eat or drink? How much? Are you cold, hungry or exhausted? When did you last urinate and defecate? Were they normal?)

E – Events leading up to the injury or illness (What led to the illness or injury? When did it happen? How did it happen, in order of occurrence?)

· Check the vital signs ( Temperature, Heart Rate, Breath Rate, Blood Pressure if applicable recommendation

· Do head-to-toe examination looking for other injuries by means of visualization and palpation

Note: Record all assessments including time.