mtDNA Ancestral Lines of Ashkenazi Jews

[Click here for information concerning an ongoing analysis of Ashkenazi mtDNA that has augmented, updated, and improved the analysis discussed on this page.]

Based upon the methodology described here and using the sample set described here compiled in December 2018, the current Ashkenazi Jewish population includes at least the following mtDNA lines that were identified through Family Tree DNA's mtDNA testing.

The haplogroups reported at a high level (e.g., as H or K) are likely based upon HVR1 or HVR1 and HVR2 mtDNA testing rather than full (FMS) mtDNA testing. Most of the people identified in the table below as belonging to such a high-level haplogroup would, upon, full mtDNA testing, be determined to belong to an mtDNA cluster within such haplogroup. Roughly speaking, one would expect such persons to be distributed proportionately among the subclusters within each haplogroup, but the actual distribution will doubtlessly vary.

Because of the methodology used to compile results for this website, the results reported below include several mtDNA haplogroups and clusters that are not ancestral to the Ashkenazi population but are found in people tested though FTDNA who have significant Ashkenazi ancestry other than through their direct maternal lines.

For a more detailed analysis of the limitations of the results posted on this page, see the Methodology and Limitations page on this website.

For Wim Penninx's analysis of Ashkenazi mtDNA based upon his application of a similar methodology (including his identification of nearly 200 Ashkenazi mtDNA branches and links to FTDNA's and YFull's mtDNA trees), see JewishDNA.net.

mtDNA Haplogroup A (0.06%)

A4 0.02% (1)

A-T152C!-T16189C! 0.04% (2)

mtDNA Haplogroup B (0.06%)

B2b3a 0.02% (1)

mtDNA Haplogroup H (25.91%)

H 5.92% (307)

H1 0.04% (2)

H1a1 0.02% (1)

H1a3a 0.04% (2)

H1ai1 0.29% (15)

H1aj 0.13% (7)

H1aj1 0.27% (14)

H1aj1a 0.69% (36)

H1ak1 0.02% (1)

H1as2 1.04% (54)

H1ax 0.04% (2)

H1b 0.25% (13)

H1b1-T16362C 0.25% (13)

H1b2 0.02% (1)

H1b2a 0.58% (30)

H1b2a1 0.23% (12)

H1bd 0.02% (1)

H1bo 0.29% (15)

H1bw 0.08% (4)

H1c1 0.04% (2)

H1c1d 0.02% (1)

H1c3 0.02% (1)

H1e2c 0.02% (1)

H1e4 0.21% (11)

H1e4a 0.98% (51)

H1f 0.08% (4)

H1q 0.02% (1)

H1-T152C! 0.02% (1)

H1-T16189C! 0.02% (1)

H1u2 0.10% (5)

H2a2a1 0.04% (2)

H2a2a1a 0.02% (1)

H2a2a1g 0.02% (1)

H2a2b1 0.10% (5)

H3 0.12% (6)

H3ap 0.06% (3)

H3b 0.02% (1)

H3g1 0.02% (1)

H3k1a 0.02% (1)

H3p 0.98% (51)

H3w 0.93% (48)

H4a1a 0.02% (1)

H4a1a1 0.02% (1)

H4a1a1a 0.10% (5)

H4a1a3a 0.12% (6)

H5 0.08% (4)

H5'36 0.04% (2)

H5a 0.02% (1)

H5a1 0.12% (6)

H5a1d 0.02% (1)

H5a7 0.48% (25)

H5a-T152C! 0.02% (1)

H5-C16192T 0.15% (8)

H5c2 0.67% (35)

H5-T16311C! 0.10% (5)

H6a1a1a 0.35% (18)

H6a1a3 0.15% (8)

H6a1a5 0.69% (36)

H6a1b2 0.10% (5)

H6a1b3 0.17% (9)

H7 0.54% (28)

H7a1 0.02% (1)

H7c2 0.67% (35)

H7e 1.39% (72)

H8a1 0.02% (1)

H10 0.02% (1)

H10a 0.08% (4)

H10a1b 0.42% (22)

H10e 0.04% (2)

H10e2 0.02% (1)

H11a1 0.15% (8)

H11a2a 0.02% (1)

H11a2a2 0.19% (10)

H11b1 0.46% (24)

H13a1a1 0.06% (3)

H13a1a1a 0.02% (1)

H15b 0.12% (6)

H17a 0.02% (1)

H23 0.02% (1)

H25 0.21% (11)

H26c 0.62% (32)

H27 0.02% (1)

H40b 0.89% (46)

H41a 0.37% (19)

H44a1 0.02% (1)

H47 0.04% (2)

H56 0.23% (12)

H65a 0.31% (16)

H-T152C! 0.04% (2)

mtDNA Haplogroup HV (5.01%)

HV 0.54% (28)

HV0a1a 0.02% (1)

HV0-T195C! 0.10% (5)

HV1 0.98% (51)

HV1a'b'c 0.23% (12)

HV1b 0.02% (1)

HV1b2 3.01% (156)

HV4a1a4 0.02% (1)

HV5 0.10% (5)

HV5a 1.43% (74)

HV10 0.02% (1)

mtDNA Haplogroup I (1.41%)

I 0.39% (20)

I1b 0.02% (1)

I1c 0.12% (6)

I1c1a 0.87% (45)

I5a1b 0.02% (1)

mtDNA Haplogroup J (7.09%)

J 1.99% (103)

J1b1a1 0.87% (45)

J1b1a3 0.02% (1)

J1b2 0.02% (1)

J1c1 0.64% (33)

J1c2c2 0.02% (1)

J1c2c2a 0.02% (1)

J1c3a1 0.02% (1)

J1c3c 0.02% (1)

J1c3e2 0.10% (5)

J1c4 0.02% (1)

J1c5 0.02% (1)

J1c7 0.13% (7)

J1c7a 1.56% (81)

J1c-C16261T 0.15% (8)

J1c13 0.23% (12)

J1c14 1.14% (59)

J2b1e 0.13% (7)

mtDNA Haplogroup K (32.49%)

K 8.93% (463)

K1a1b1 0.04% (2)

K1a1b1a 14.71% (763)

K1a3a1b 0.02% (1)

K1a4 0.04% (2)

K1a4a 0.15% (8)

K1a9 4.26% (221)

K2a 0.31% (16)

K2a2a 0.23% (12)

K2a2a1 3.80% (197)

mtDNA Haplogroup L (2.26%)

L2a 0.48% (25)

L2a1 0.02% (1)

L2a1f 0.04% (2)

L2a1f2 0.02% (1)

L2a1l2a 1.10% (57)

L2a1l2a1 0.56% (29)

L2a1-T16189C! 0.04% (2)

mtDNA Haplogroup M (0.89%)

M 0.27% (14)

M1 0.10% (5)

M1a1b1c 0.21% (11)

M33c 0.29% (15)

M33-T16362C 0.02% (1)

mtDNA Haplogroup N (6.90%)

N1 0.21% (11)

N1b 1.74% (90)

N1b1a2 0.06% (3)

N1b1b1 4.43% (230)

N1b2 0.04% (2)

N9a 0.12% (6)

N9a3 0.31% (16)

mtDNA Haplogroup R (2.24%)

R0a 0.46% (24)

R0a2m 0.91% (47)

R0a4 0.87% (45)

mtDNA Haplogroup T (4.34.%)

T 0.06% (3)

T1 0.37% (19)

T1a 0.08% (4)

T1a1 0.25% (13)

T1a1b 0.06% (3)

T1a1j 0.33% (17)

T1a1k1 0.27% (14)

T1a5 0.02% (1)

T1b 0.06% (3)

T1b3 0.39% (20)

T2 0.60% (31)

T2a1 0.13% (7)

T2a1a8 0.02% (1)

T2a1b 0.17% (9)

T2b 0.04% (2)

T2b3-C151T 0.02% (1)

T2b4 0.10% (5)

T2b4a 0.04% (2)

T2b16 0.10% (5)

T2b21b 0.02% (1)

T2b25 0.67% (35)

T2b-T16362C 0.02% (1)

T2e1a 0.02% (1)

T2e1b 0.23% (12)

T2e1b1 0.17% (9)

T2f-T195C! 0.02% (1)

T2g1 0.02% (1)

T2g1a 0.08% (4)

mtDNA Haplogroup U (5.09%)

U 0.02% (1)

U1b 0.29% (15)

U1b1 0.60% (31)

U2 0.04% (2)

U2e1a1 0.19% (10)

U3 0.21% (11)

U3a1 0.08% (4)

U3a1a 0.27% (14)

U3b1 0.02% (1)

U4 0.06% (3)

U4a 0.04% (2)

U4a1c 0.02% (1)

U4a3 0.02% (1)

U4a3a 0.12% (6)

U5 0.27% (14)

U5a1a2a 0.06% (3)

U5a1b 0.04% (2)

U5a1b1 0.12% (6)

U5a1b1c2 0.02% (1)

U5a1f1a 0.27% (14)

U5a1h 0.04% (2)

U5a2 0.02% (1)

U5a2a1b 0.02% (1)

U5a2a1-T152C! 0.04% (2)

U5a2b 0.06% (3)

U5a2b2a 0.10% (5)

U5b1b1-T16192C! 0.06% (3)

U5b1e1 0.06% (3)

U5b2 0.02% (1)

U5b2a1a 0.02% (1)

U5b2a2a 0.02% (1)

U5b2a3a 0.02% (1)

U6a 0.04% (2)

U6a7a1b 0.27% (14)

U7 0.31% (16)

U7a 1.23% (64)

U8b1b1 0.04% (2)

mtDNA Haplogroup V (3.45%)

V 0.91% (47)

V10a 0.04% (2)

V15 0.10% (5)

V18 0.02% (1)

V18a 0.04% (2)

V1a1 0.46% (24)

V21 0.02% (1)

V7a 1.64% (85)

V7b 0.25% (13)

mtDNA Haplogroup W (2.18%)

W 0.56% (29)

W1 0.02% (1)

W1h 0.31% (16)

W3a1a1 0.62% (32)

W3b1 0.67% (35)

mtDNA Haplogroup X (0.64%)

X 0.08% (4)

X2b5 0.02% (1)

X2b7 0.40% (21)

X2b11 0.02% (1)

X2b-T226C 0.02% (1)

X2c1a 0.02% (1)

X2e2a 0.08% (4)