Parenteral Nutrition

25 June 2023

Parenteral Nutrition: A Comprehensive Review and its Association with Bio-Rejuvenation

Abstract:

This review outlines the importance, uses, and challenges of parenteral nutrition (PN) in the healthcare sector. It further attempts to establish a connection between PN and bio-rejuvenation, a relatively new and developing field of medical science.

Introduction

Parenteral nutrition, also known as intravenous feeding, is a method of getting nutrition into the body through the veins. It bypasses the typical process of ingestion and digestion, providing nutrients directly into the bloodstream, making it a crucial therapy for patients who cannot adequately obtain nutrients through the oral or enteral routes (1). PN has been instrumental in supporting patients with various medical conditions, including gastrointestinal disorders, cancer, and those undergoing surgical procedures (2).

Components of Parenteral Nutrition

PN solutions typically comprise macro and micronutrients. Macronutrients include carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids, which provide energy and building blocks for cellular functions. Micronutrients include vitamins, trace elements, and electrolytes, which are essential for various biochemical reactions in the body (3).

Role of Parenteral Nutrition in Clinical Practice

PN is vital in managing malnutrition, a significant concern in hospitalized patients, impacting their prognosis and recovery (4). It has proven beneficial for patients who are unable to meet their nutritional needs due to impaired digestive functionality, such as those with short bowel syndrome or severe malabsorption issues. Moreover, in critical care settings, PN serves as a lifesaver when enteral feeding is contraindicated or not tolerated (5).

Challenges and Complications with Parenteral Nutrition

Despite its benefits, PN administration isn't without potential complications. They can range from minor issues such as catheter site infection to more severe problems like metabolic disturbances, liver disease, and bloodstream infections. Thus, the implementation of PN requires careful patient selection, diligent monitoring, and appropriate adjustment of the nutritional regimen (6).

Parenteral Nutrition and Bio-Rejuvenation

Bio-rejuvenation refers to the application of biological methods to slow down or reverse the aging process at a cellular or organismal level. While the connection between PN and bio-rejuvenation might not be immediately apparent, PN can play a role in promoting cell repair and regeneration. By providing essential nutrients directly to the body's cells, PN may facilitate the optimal functioning and recovery of tissues, contributing to overall health and longevity (7).

Conclusion

Parenteral nutrition, although not without challenges, plays a crucial role in modern healthcare. Its potential role in the field of bio-rejuvenation needs to be explored further. As our understanding of the aging process and nutritional needs at a cellular level deepens, we may be better equipped to leverage the benefits of PN in promoting health and longevity.

References:

  1. Bozzetti, F. (2017). Basics in clinical nutrition: Parenteral nutrition. ESPEN Journal. https://www.espen.org/education/espen-guidelines
  2. Seres, D. S. (2005). Surrogate nutrition markers, malnutrition, and adequacy of nutrition support. Nutrition in Clinical Practice. https://doi.org/10.1177/0115426505020004331
  3. Klein, S., & Kinney, J. (2007). Nutrition Support in Clinical Practice: Review of Published Data and Recommendations for Future Research Directions. National Academies Press (US).
  4. Jensen, G. L. (2010). Inflammation as the Key Interface of the Medical and Nutrition Universes: A Provocative Examination of the Future of Clinical Nutrition and Medicine. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition.
  5. Schloerb, P. R., & Amare, M. (2007). Total Parenteral Nutrition with Glutamine in Bone Marrow Transplantation and Other Clinical Applications. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition.
  6. Wischmeyer, P. E. (2018). Parenteral nutrition and infection risk in the intensive care unit: a practical guide for the bedside clinician. Nutrition in Clinical Practice.
  7. Moskalev, A., Chernyagina, E., de Magalhães, J. P., Barardo, D., Thoppil, H., Shaposhnikov, M., & Budovsky, A. (2017). Geroprotectors.org: a new, structured and curated database of current therapeutic interventions in aging and age-related disease. Aging (Albany NY).