Habits, facts, permanent states, schedules
I/You/We/They → base verb
He/She/It → base + s/es
I wake up at 6.
I drink coffee every morning.
I go to the gym regularly.
I read before sleeping.
She wakes up early.
She eats healthy food.
He plays football on weekends.
He studies at night.
They travel every summer.
We watch movies on Fridays.
The sun rises in the east.
Water freezes at 0°C.
Humans need oxygen.
Plants grow with sunlight.
The Earth revolves around the sun.
Fire burns.
Ice melts in heat.
I live in Ahmedabad.
She works in a bank.
He owns a car.
They speak English.
We belong to the same team.
This shop sells clothes.
The train leaves at 7 PM.
The flight departs at midnight.
The class starts at 9.
The movie begins in 10 minutes.
The meeting ends at 5.
You open the lid.
You add sugar.
You mix it well.
Turn right.
You press this button.
He runs forward.
He shoots.
He scores!
She sings beautifully.
The crowd cheers.
I know the answer.
She likes chocolate.
He believes you.
I understand the problem.
They love this place.
I hate noise.
Happening now / temporary / changing
I am writing notes.
I am talking to you.
She is eating lunch.
He is running.
They are playing.
We are studying.
I am staying at a hotel.
She is living in Delhi.
He is working from home.
They are preparing for exams.
We are learning English.
The weather is getting colder.
Prices are rising.
Technology is improving.
People are using AI more.
The city is expanding.
He is always complaining.
She is always interrupting.
You are always forgetting things.
They are always arguing.
He is always coming late.
I am meeting him tomorrow.
We are going out tonight.
She is flying next week.
They are visiting us soon.
I am starting a new job.
He is eating a lot these days.
I am working late this week.
She is sleeping less lately.
Past + relevance to present
I have visited Goa.
I have tried sushi.
She has seen that movie.
He has traveled abroad.
They have never flown before.
I have never failed an exam.
I have finished my work.
She has just left.
He has completed the task.
They have arrived.
We have cleaned the room.
I have lost my phone. (still lost)
She has broken her glasses.
He has missed the bus.
They have forgotten the keys.
I have made a mistake.
I have lived here for 10 years.
I have studied since morning.
She has worked here since 2020.
He has known me for years.
They have stayed here since Monday.
I have called him many times.
She has visited us twice.
He has tried three times.
They have asked repeatedly.
We have watched it again and again.
I have already eaten.
She has not finished yet.
He has just arrived.
They have already left.
Have you done it yet?
Ongoing action + duration + still continuing or recently stopped
I have been studying for 3 hours.
She has been working all day.
He has been running for 30 minutes.
They have been waiting since morning.
We have been talking for hours.
You look tired. Have you been working?
She is sweating. She has been running.
The ground is wet. It has been raining.
He is out of breath. He has been jogging.
I have been trying to call you.
She has been asking about you.
He has been practicing daily.
They have been complaining a lot.
I have been staying with a friend.
She has been working remotely.
He has been learning coding.
I read every day. (habit)
I am reading now. (current)
She works here. (permanent)
She is working here temporarily.
He talks too much. (general truth)
He is talking too much today. (temporary irritation)
I know him. (state)
I have known him for years. (duration)
I eat lunch at 1.
I have eaten lunch. (done)
I have seen that movie. (no time)
I saw that movie yesterday. (specific time)
She has finished.
She finished 10 minutes ago.
I have written 10 pages. (result)
I have been writing for 2 hours. (process)
He has repaired the car.
He has been repairing the car.
I am studying. (now)
I have been studying for 3 hours. (duration)
I am going to gym daily. ❌
I go to the gym daily. ✔
He eat fast. ❌
He eats fast. ✔
She play well. ❌
She plays well. ✔
I have seen him yesterday. ❌
I saw him yesterday. ✔
I have worked here since 5 years. ❌
I have worked here for 5 years. ✔
I have worked here since 2020. ✔
I am knowing the answer. ❌
I know the answer. ✔
I am liking this song. ❌
I like this song. ✔
I have done it just now yesterday. ❌
I did it yesterday. ✔
He has gone to Delhi. (he is still there)
He has been to Delhi. (he visited and came back)