Summary & Explanation
Aerospace Engineering
Aerospace engineering is a discipline of engineering that deals with aircraft and spacecraft. They also have the ability to design satellites or missiles which can be used for national security. Under aerospace engineering there are two broad types of specializations, aeronautical engineering, which deals with the theory, technology, and practice of flight within the earth’s atmosphere, and astronautical engineering, which focuses on the science and technology of spacecraft and launch vehicles beyond the earth's atmosphere. Further specialization can take place whether it is on the particular product that the engineer works on, such as commercial transport, military fighter jets, or spacecraft, or whether it is on structural design, guidance, navigation and control, or instrumentation and communication.
Mechanical Engineering
Mechanical engineers research, develop, design, manufacture and test tools, engines, machines and any device that is mechanical. They can work on producing power-producing machines (like electric generators, internal combustion engines, and turbines) or power-using machines (like air-conditioning units, machine tools, robots, and escalators). They often produce tools that other types of engineers will use. It is considered one of the broadest engineering disciplines, as mechanical engineers can work in manufacturing, agriculture, maintenance, or technical sales.
Chemical Engineering
Chemical engineers work to manufacture pharmaceuticals, healthcare, design and constriction, pulp and paper, petrochemicals, food processing, specialty chemicals, polymers, biotechnology, and environmental health and safety industries. Specifically, chemical engineers use their knowledge to solve technical problems and improve the world, such as food processing techniques, fertilizers, and increasing the production and quality of food.
Industrial and Systems Engineering
Industrial and systems engineers look for the constant improvement of efficiency of a system. They take the basic factors of production (people, machines, materials, and information) to make a product or to provide a services. Many industrial engineers work in manufacturing industries, but some also work in consulting services, healthcare, and communications.