For my instrument I decided to go with a slide whistle. The slide whistle generates a vibration by blowing over an opening in the whistle. This splits the air so that some air blows inside of the body of the instrument. This air vibrates back and forth to create a vibration. The vibration is propagated by bouncing back and forth on the inner walls of the tube and coming back out. The tube length changes depending on how far the plunger (the metal rod) is pushed in or pulled out. This changes the note. The sound is amplified in the same way a guitar is. The sound waves have an area to bounce back and forth in, and that allows the sound to amplify when it comes out.
Starting out, I knew I wanted to build some sort of wind instrument out of PVC. I thought back to when I was younger and remembered the slide whistle. I thought that it wouldn't be too hard to create a similar instrument. I decided to look up a diagram online of how this instrument works. I read about it on wikipedia and found this diagram that explained how it worked. I also came across a guide to create a slide whistle here. Both diagrams were very helpful. My first attempt , however, was not very successful. I had a lot of similarities to my final design, with one major difference. In my final design, the end of the PVC pipe that sits under the mouth piece is cut to create a way to blow over the styrofoam. In my original design, I did not do this. Instead, I drilled a hole about an inch from the end of the pipe. I then tried filling down the inch between the hole and the end of the pipe. I thought that I would be able to blow between the pipe and the mouth piece. This was not the case. I was not capable of blowing in between the coupler and the pipe. That is when I tried cutting the groove. That fixed my problem. I then put a penny on the end of the metal rod, duct taped over it, and put multiple layers of duct tape around the outside of the pipe to create a seal. I calculated how long the tube needed to be to create different notes, and marked how far to push in the plunger to create that tube length.
The frequency is the number of vibrations (or waves) per second. It is measured in hertz, represented by "f", and is calculated with the formula f=v/λ
Wavelength is the distance from one crest to another crest, or the distance from one trough to another trough. it is measured in meters, represented by "λ", and is calculated with the formula λ=v/f
Wave speed is the velocity of a wave, or how fast it travels. it is measured in meters per second, represented by "v" and calculated with the equation v=λf
Amplitude is the distance from the midpoint to the max point of a wave. It is represented by "A", is measured in meters, and is proportional to the square root of the intensity.
Transverse waves do not require a medium to travel in. For example, radio waves, and microwaves. Transverse waves are represented by a sine wave. Longitudinal waves are waves that do need a medium to travel in, and travel faster in solid objects. For example, sound. Longitudinal waves are represented by bars being spaced closer of further apart.
The electromagnetic spectrum encompasses lots of waves that we deal with in day to day life. From lowest frequency to highest frequency, the electromagnetic spectrum has radio waves, microwaves, infrared light, visible light, ultraviolet light, x-ray and gamma.
The first thing that I did well, was that I critically thought. When I ran into a problem, I didn't let it slow me down. After my initial failure of my first slide whistle, I figured out the problem, and thought about how to fix it. I used my resources to look for help online and I found multiple helpful guides. The second thing that I did well was collaborate. I finished my project rather quickly, and after I did, I decided to help my own group and other groups. I helped people design their instruments, and even helped people build them. The first thing that I could improve on is creativity. Although my instrument was fully functional, it didn't look good. I could have used some creativity to decorate it, or change the design. The second thing I could improve on is communication. When I ran into a problem, instead of asking my team for help I searched online. I should have asked if anyone had any ideas to make it more functional or better.