Properties, TYPES & USES

Properties of Magnet

Following are the basic properties of a magnet:

When a magnet is dipped in iron filings, the iron filings adhere to the magnet's ends because the magnet's attraction is greatest at the ends. Magnet poles are the ends of the magnets.
Magnetic poles always exist in pairs.
When a magnet is suspended in mid-air, it still points in the direction of north-south. The North Pole is located to the north of the geographic north pole, and the South Pole is located to the south of the geographic south pole.
Like poles repel while unlike poles attract.
When the distance between the two magnets is smaller, the magnetic force between them is greater.

There are three types of magnets, and they are as follows:

Permanent magnet: Permanent magnets are the most widely used magnets. They're called permanent magnets because once magnetized, they don't lose their magnetic properties. There are four types of permanent magnets: Ceramic or ferrite, Alnico, Samarium Cobalt (SmCo), Neodymium Iron Boron (NIB)
Temporary magnet: In the presence of a magnetic field, temporary magnets may be magnetized. These materials lose their magnetic properties when the magnetic field is removed. Temporary magnets include things like iron nails and paper clips.
Electromagnets: An electromagnet is made up of a coil of wire wrapped around an iron heart. As this material is exposed to an electric current, it generates a magnetic field, which causes it to behave like a magnet. Controlling the electric current will change the strength of the magnetic field.

Uses

Magnets can be used in the following ways:

Magnetic needles and mariner's compass are both made of magnets.
Generators, electric accelerators, and electric motors all use permanent magnets.
Speakers, electric bells, and electric cranes all use electromagnets.
Separating iron filling from other solid mixtures is done using magnets.

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