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Most of the world's major cities were built on or around areas of freshwater. Our ancestors chose to settle near these areas as rivers were a means of supplying drinking water for their families and beasts, as a food supply, used for irrigating crops and as a means of transport in order to aid commerce.
Shown below is a list of the world's capital cities, in country alphabetical order, each with their respective main areas of freshwater, be it either a river, a lake, a canal or an oasis.
The world's longest river flows through Egypt's capital city Cairo, shown above, but the river which flows through the most capital cities is Europe's River Danube, see map below, which runs through the four cities of Belgrade, which is the capital of Serbia, Bratislava the capital of Slovakia, Budapest which is the capital of Hungary and Vienna the capital of Austria.
COUNTRY - CAPITAL CITY - RIVER
A
Afghanistan - Kabul - River Kabul.
Albania - Tirana - River Tirane.
Andorra - Andorra La Vella - The Gran Valira.
Argentina - Buenos Aries - River Plate.
Armenia - Yerevan - The Hrazdan River.
Australia - Canberra - River Molonglo.
Austria - Vienna - River Danube.
Autonomous Region of Tibet - Lhasa - The Kyi River.
B
Barbados - Bridgetown - River Careenage .
Bangladesh - Dhaka - River Buriganga.
Belarus - Minsk - The Svislach River.
Belize - Belmopan - The Belize River.
Belgium - Brussels - River Zenne.
Bhutan - Thimpu - River Wong Chhu.
Bolivia - La Paz - River Choqueapu.
Bosnia and Herzogovenia - Sarajevo - River Miljacka.
Botswana - Gaborone - The Notowahe River.
Brunei - Bandar Seri Begawan - The Brunei River.
Bulgaria - Sofia - The River Vladaiska, the River Perlovska and the River Iskar flow along the outskirts of the city.
Burundi - Bujumbura - Lake Tanganyika.
C
Cambodia - Phnom Penh - Located along the River Mekong and Lake Tonle Sap.
Canada - Ottawa - River Ottawa.
Central African Republic - Bangui - The Ubangi River.
Chad - N'djamena - River Chari.
China - Beijing - The Yellow River.
Chile - Santiago - River Mapocho
Colombia - Bogota - River Bogota.
Congo - Brazzaville - River Congo.
Croatia - Zagreb - River Sava.
Cuba - Havana - River Almendares.
Cyprus - Nicosia - River Pedieos.
Czech Republic - Prague - River Vltava.
D
Democratic Republic of Congo - Kinshasa - River Congo.
Denmark - Copenhagen - Located across two islands which are separated by the Oresund Strait.
Dominica - Roseau - River Roseau.
Dominican Republic - Santa Domingo - River Ozama.
E
El Salvador - San Salvador - River Acelhuate.
Ethiopia - Addis Ababa - River Chankelia.
Ecuador - Quito - River Guayllabamba.
England - London - River Thames.
Egypt - Cairo - River Nile.
Estonia - Tallinn - River Pirita.
F
Finland - Helsinki - River Vantaa.
France - Paris - River Seine.
French Guyana - Cayenne - River Cayenne.
G
Gabon - Libreville - River Komo.
Gambia - Banjul - River Gambia.
Georgia - Tblisi - River Kura.
Germany - Berlin - River Spree and River Havel.
Ghana - Accra - River Odaw.
Greece - Athens - River Kifissos.
Greenland - Nuuk - The Nuup Kangerlua Fjord.
Guinea Bissau - Bissau - River Geba.
Guyana - Georgetown - River Demerara.
H
Honduras - Tegucigalpa - River Choluteca.
Hungary - Budapest - River Danube.
I
Iceland - Reykjavik - River Ellioaa.
India - Delhi - River Yamuna.
Indonesia - Jakarta - River Ciliwung.
Iran - Tehran - River Hableh Rood.
Iraq - Baghdad - River Tigris.
Isle of Man - Douglas - River Douglas.
Italy - Rome - River Tiber.
J
Jamaica - Kingston - The Hope River.
Japan - Tokyo - River Sumida.
Jordan - Amman - The Zarqa River.
K
Kazakhstan - Astana - River Ishim.
Kenya - Nairobi - River Nairobi.
Kyrgyzstan - Bishtek - River Chu.
L
Laos - Vientiane - River Mekong.
Latvia - Riga - River Daugava.
Lebanon - Beirut - The Beirut River.
Leichtenstein - Vaduz - River Rhine.
Lesotho - Maseru - River Mohokare.
Liberia - Monrovia - Located at the confluence of the River Mesurado and River Saint Paul.
Libya - Tripoli - River Abu Ali.
Lithuania - Vilnius - Located at the confluence of the River Neris and River Vilnia.
Luxembourg - Luxembourg City - Located at the confluence of the River Alzette and River Pretusse.
M
Macedonia - Skopje - River Vardar.
Madagascar - Antanarivo - River Ikoro.
Malawi - Lilongwe - River Lilongwe.
Malaysia - Kuala Lumpur - River Klamp.
Mali - Bamako - River Niger.
Malta - Valletta - The Marsa Creek.
Mauritius - Port Louis - Black River.
Mexico - Mexico City - River Coatzacoalcos.
Mongolia - Ulan Bator - River Tuul.
Moldova - Chisinau - River Bic.
Morocco - Rabat - River Bou Regreg.
Mozambique - Maputo - River Maputo.
Myanmar - Mandalay - Irriwady River.
N
Nepal - Kathmandu - River Bagmati.
Netherlands - Amsterdam - River Amstel.
New Zealand - Wellington - River Hutt.
Nicaragua - Managua - River San Juan.
Niger - Niamey - River Niger.
North Korea - Pyongyang - River Taedong.
Northern Ireland - Belfast - River Lagan.
Norway - Oslo - River Akerselva.
P
Pakistan - Islamabad - River Kurang.
Panama - Panama City - River Caloosahatchee.
Papua New Guinea - Port Moresby - The Brown River.
Paraguay - Asuncion - River Paraguay.
Peru - Lima - River Rimac.
Philippines - Manilla - Pasig River.
Poland - Warsaw - River Vistula.
Portugal - Lisbon - River Tejo.
Puerto Rico - San Juan - Located along the banks of the the Condado Lagoon and the San Juan Lagoon.
R
Republic of Ireland - Dublin - River Liffey.
Romania - Bucharest - River Dambovita.
Russian Federation - Moscow - River Moskva.
Rwanda - Kigali - River Ruganwa.
S
Saudi Arabia - Riyadh - Originally built on the banks of the Riyadh Wadi / Orchard Oasis, which has since dried up.
Serbia - Belgrade - River Danube.
Scotland - Edinburgh - Firth of Forth.
Sierra Leone - Freetown - Freetown River.
Singapore - Singapore - The Singapore River.
Slovakia - Bratislava - River Danube.
Slovenia - Ljubljana - River Ljublanica.
Spain - Madrid - River Manzanares.
Sri Lanka - Colombo - Located along the banks of the the Kalani River and the Beira Lake.
South Africa - Pretoria - The Apies River.
South Korea - Seoul - The Han River.
South Sudan - Juba - River White Nile.
Swaziland - Mbabane - The Mbabne River
Sweden - Stockholm - River Norrstrom.
Switzerland - Bern - River Aare.
Sudan - Khartoum - River Nile.
Suriname - Paramaribo - The Suriname River
Syria - Damascus - River Barada.
T
Taiwan - Taipei - River Danshui and River Xindian.
Tajikstan - Dushanbe - River Varzob.
Thailand - Bangkok - River Chao Phraya.
Tunisia - Tunis - Lake of Tunis.
Turkey - Ankara - River Ankara.
Turkmenistan - Ashgabat - Served by the Karakum Canal which is fed by the River Amu Darya.
U
Uganda - Kampala - Lake Victoria.
Ukraine - Kiev - River Dnieper.
Uruguay - Montivideo - River Plate.
United Arab Emirates - Abu Dhabi - Originally built along the banks of the Al Ain Oasis.
United Kingdom - London - River Thames
United States - Washington D.C - River Patomac.
Uzbekistan - Tashkent - River Chirchik.
V
Venezuela - Caracas - River Guaire.
Vietnam - Hanoi - The Red River.
W
Wales - Cardiff - River Taff and River Ely.
Z
Zambia - Lusaka - River Chongwe.
Zimbabwe - Harare - River Limpopo and River Zambesi.
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