conditionals
First Conditional
First Conditional
- Use: We use the first conditional to explain the probable consequences of actions
if clause ---------------
simple present -------------
main clause
will-future / infinitive / modal + infinitive
Examples : If I study, I will pass the exams.
Examples : If I study, I will pass the exams.
If you see Jordi tonight, tell him to e-mail me.
If you see Jordi tonight, tell him to e-mail me.
If Marina gets up early, she can catch the bus
If Marina gets up early, she can catch the bus
The if-clause can be at the beginning or at the end of the sentence.
The if-clause can be at the beginning or at the end of the sentence.
If I study,I will pass the exams
I will pass the exams if I study.
2nd Conditional
2nd Conditional
- Use: It is theoretically possible to fulfil a condition that is given in the if-clause.
- FORM:
i f clause -------main clause
simple past ----------------- would / could / might + infinitive
Examples: If I studied,I would / could / might pass the exams.
Examples: If I studied,I would / could / might pass the exams.
- The if-clause can be at the beginning or at the end of the sentence.
If I studied,
I would pass the exams
I would pass the exams.
if I studied.
3rd Conditional
3rd Conditional
- Use: It is impossible to fulfil a condition which is given in the if-clause.
- Form
if clause ----------------
past perfect---------------
main clause
would / could / might + have + past participle
Examples: If I had studied, I would / could /might have passed the exams.
Examples: If I had studied, I would / could /might have passed the exams.
- The if-clause can be at the beginning or at the end of the sentence.
If I had studied,
I would have passed the exams
I would have passed the exams.
if I had studied.