17th Issue of शास्त्रमञ्जूषा-śāstramañjūṣā.pdf

शास्त्रमञ्जूषा  

17th Issue  of Volume IX

December, 2023 


शास्त्रमञ्जूषा

सप्तदशावतरणिका

सम्पादकीयम्  

  

सम्पादकीयम्

सहस्रेभ्यो वर्षेभ्यः पूर्वं मानवेन लेखनकलाया आविष्कारः कृतः । तदारभ्यैयावल्लिखिता सामग्री विभिन्नरूपेण लभ्यते । इयं लेखनप्रक्रिया ईष्टकेषु, पाषाणेषु, चर्मसु, वस्त्रेषु, भुर्जपत्रेषु, ताम्रपट्टेषु, तालपत्रेषु, कर्गजेषु, अन्येषु धातुनिर्मितेषु पट्टेषु, कर्गजेषु च भवति स्म । एतेषु सर्वेषु लिखिता सामग्री पाण्डुलिपिविज्ञानेऽन्तर्भवति । `पाण्डुलिपिः’ इति शब्दः आङ्लभाषया manuscript इत्युच्यते यस्यार्थो भवति हस्तलेखः । एवञ्च manuscript इति पदं  हस्तलेखरूपं योगार्थं परिहृत्य व्यापकेष्वर्थेषु यथा अभिलेखेषु, शिलालेखेषु, ताम्रलेखेषु, स्मारकलेखेषु, आज्ञापत्रेषु, दानपत्रेषु तथा प्रकाशनपूर्वेषु सर्वेषु लेखेषु व्यवह्रियते । The American People’s Encyclopedia अनुसारं मुद्रणात् पूर्वं सर्वमपि साहित्यं पाण्डुलिपिरिति उच्यते, यत् कर्गजेषु अन्येषु केषुचिदपि वस्तुषु लिखितं, टङ्कितम्, उट्टङ्कितं, उत्कीर्णीतं वा स्यात्। पाण्डुलिपिविज्ञानस्य अनेके पक्षाः सम्भवन्ति। तत्र प्रथमः पक्षः ग्रन्थरचनाविषयकः यत्र ग्रन्थविषय-तद्रचयितृ-तत्कालप्रभृतीनां विचाराः भवन्ति। द्वितीयः पक्षः लिपिविज्ञानम्, यत्र लिपि-लिपिकार-लिप्यासन-लिपीकरणसाधनानां विचाराः प्रवर्तन्ते। तृतीयः पक्षः भाषाविज्ञानं यत्र ग्रन्थप्रयुक्तभाषाविषये तत्प्रयुक्तव्याकरणादिविषये चर्चा भवति। “प्राची प्रज्ञा” इति पत्रिकायाः शास्त्रमञ्जूषाया अस्मिन्नङ्के एतान् त्रीन्नपि पक्षानवलम्ब्य कतिचिन्महत्त्वपूर्णानि शोधपत्राणि प्रस्तूयन्ते। आशासे एतानि शोधपत्रणि संस्कृतभाषानिबद्धपाण्डुलिपीनां संरक्षणे सम्पादने च सहायकानि भवेयुः।  

सुज्ञानकुमारमाहान्तिः

मुख्यसम्पादकः

शास्त्रमञ्जूषा / प्राचीप्रज्ञा

                                

The śāstramañjūṣā, Peer Reviewed Research Papers on Indology 16th Issue  of Volume IX, June, 2023

https://sites.google.com/site/praachiprajnaa/sastramanjusa 

A Comparative Study on the Ashokan Brāhmī and the Gupta Brāhmī


Dr. Ranu Ghosh

Research Assistant

School of Vedic Studies

Rabindra Bharati University

Kolkata – 50

West Bengal, India

Abstract

Brāhmī is considered to be the earliest known scripts of India. The script is available through the inscriptions of Aśoka in 3rd cent. BC., in the form of rock and pillar inscriptions of the Mauryan King Aśoka. Brāhmī is considered as the mother-script and fore-runner of all the scripts prevalent in Indian History for a considerable period. Mauran Brāhmī script is called Ashokan Brāhmī and the Kuṣāṇa, Gupta, Pallava etc. are the variations of this script. So they have many identical differences. In this present paper I try to focus on Ashokan Brāhmī and the Gupta as per my view.

Keywords – Ashokan Brāhmī, Gupta Brāhmī

An Unpublished Commentary of Śrīnātha on the Raghuvaṃśaṭīkā: A Study



Madhumita Ghosh

Research Assistant

Guest Teacher

Anur High School

Anur, Hooghly, West Bengal, India


Abstract

There are so many known and unknown commentators who have enriched the Sanskrit literature with the help of their scholarship and intellectual thoughts. The great Popularity and currency of Kālidāsa's Raghuvaṃśa is indicated not only by the existence of many original manuscripts in the different libraries of India, Europe and America, but also by the fact that more than forty Sanskrit commentaries are known to exist, of which about a dozen of the more important ones are available in print. But this commentary named Raghuvaṃśaṭīkā (written with Newari Scripts) written by Śrīnātha is still unpublished.

Key words - Sāhityadarpaṇa, Raghuvaṃśa, Mahākāvya, Khaṇḍakāvya, Kālidāsa, Śrīnātha.

Comparative Review of Bandha Mentioned in Hathayogapradipika and Gherandasamhita



Dr. Dhruva Divyang Patel

MMBS) M. Sc. in Yoga (2022-2024),

Lakulish Yoga University, Ahmedabad, India.


and

Dr. Nehal Dave

Assistant Professor, Lakulish Yoga University, 

Ahmedabad, India.


Abstract

Bandha is a fundamental component of Hathayoga practice which is used to activate and control the flow of Prana in the body. It involves contracting and releasing specific muscles, primarily in the abdomen, pelvic floor, and throat regions, to direct the flow of prana and enhance the effects of yogic practices. This comparative review evaluates the concept of Bandha. It provides a comprehensive analysis of meaning, benefits, and practices of Bandha as described in two classical texts of Hathayoga: Hathayogapradipika and Gherandasamhita. It also discusses the similarities and differences between the two texts, highlighting the unique approaches and practices of each.

Keywords - Gherandasamhita, Hathayogapradipika, Mulabandha, Jalandharabandha, Uddiyanabandha, Mahabandha.

Palm-leaf Manuscripts: their Preservation and Conservation in Oḍiśā


Laxman Majhi

Ph.D. Research Scholar

Utktal University, Vani Vihar

Bhubaneswar-751004, Orissa, India.


Abstract

The conservation of palm-leaf manuscripts in Oḍiśā, a state in western India, is a critical endeavour to safeguard an invaluable cultural and historical heritage. Palm-leaf manuscripts, known as "Tālapatra Granthas" in the local language, are ancient textual records written on dried and processed palm leaves. These manuscripts contain valuable knowledge in the domains of religion, literature, science, and various other subjects. This research paper aims to explore the challenges faced in the conservation of palm-leaf manuscripts in Oḍiśā and proposes effective strategies for their preservation. The study encompasses an in-depth examination of the factors contributing to the deterioration of palm-leaf manuscripts, including environmental conditions, biological threats, physical damage, and human interventions. Furthermore, the research investigates existing conservation practices and techniques employed in Oḍiśā and evaluate their effectiveness. It explores traditional methods of manuscript preservation, such as the use of natural oils and herbal treatments, as well as modern conservation approaches, including digitization and non-invasive imaging technologies. The paper also delves into the significance of palm-leaf manuscripts in Oḍiśā's cultural and historical context, emphasizing their role in preserving indigenous knowledge and intellectual traditions. It highlights the need for a comprehensive conservation plan that balances the preservation of the manuscripts' material integrity while ensuring wider accessibility for scholars, researchers, and the general public. Through a multidisciplinary approach, combining insights from conservation science, cultural heritage management, and archival studies, this research paper presents a framework for the sustainable conservation of palm-leaf manuscripts in Oḍiśā. It proposes recommendations for improved storage conditions, handling procedures, and conservation treatments, considering the unique characteristics of these manuscripts and their cultural significance. Ultimately, the findings of this research contribute to the broader discourse on manuscript conservation, providing practical insights and guidelines for preserving and promoting the rich legacy of palm-leaf manuscripts in Oḍiśā, thereby ensuring their transmission to future generations and fostering a deeper understanding of the region's cultural heritage.

Key Words: - Palm-leaf manuscripts, Conservation, Preservation, Tālapatra Granthas, Cultural heritage, Historical records, Physical damage, Traditional preservation methods, Digitization, Archival studies.

An Unpublished Commentary named Vidvadbālānurañjinī of Sarasvatītīrtha on the Meghadūta: A Study


Dr. Pradip Kumar Mahapatra

Assistant Professor,

Dept. of Sanskrit,

Raja Peary Mohan College,

Uttarpara. Hooghly, West Bengal, India.


Abstract

To understand any literature, there need to the help of commentaries. So, commentaries are very important. It is equally applicable to Sanskrit literature. There are so many known and unknown commentators who have enriched the Sanskrit literature with the help of their scholarship and intellectual thoughts. The great Popularity and currency of Kālidāsa's Meghadūta is indicated not only by the existence of many original manuscripts in the different libraries of India, Europe and America, but also by the fact that more than fifty Sanskrit commentaries are known to exist, of which about a dozen of the more important ones are available in print and published. But the ‘Vidvajjanānurañjinī’ commentary on the Meghadūta of Kālidāsa is not yet published.

Key-words - The Meghadūta, Sarasvatītīrtha, importance and features of this unpublished Commentaries, the position of this Commentary.

Bṛhajjātakam in Devapraśna


Srivathsa Achutha

Ph.D. Research Scholar

Dept. of Jyotisha,

National Sanskrit University,

Tirupati, A.P., India


Abstract

In the Indian tradition, particularly in the Hindu tradition, the significance of the temple is highly emphasized and considered of utmost importance. In society, there are devout individuals by praying to God, they lead their lives ahead. In these temples, the divine presence, along with the inherent spiritual consciousness and positive energy, greatly contribute to the unity and growth of the devotees of the community . The worship of deities is practiced according to the prescribed rituals of scriptural texts (Aagama shasthra) and traditional customs. Worship of deities is of great importance in India especially in the state of Kerala, known as God’s own Country. The declining divine presence or any factors affecting the positive aura in a negative manner can be identified using Jyothisham, also known as “Eye of Veda’’.

There is a detailed description on Devaprashnachinthanam in Prashnamargam.  Whereas the famous script “Brihajjathakam” deals with the discussion of manushyajaathaka chinthanam. In this study, we will be analyzing the possibility of using “Brihajjaathakam” for devaprashnachinthanam.

Keyword - सान्निध्यं, देवप्रश्नः, भावाः, बृहज्जातकम्।

A thorough knowledge of grammar is required to consider the purity of a language. Therefore, grammar has been important in the discussion of language since ancient times. Lord Panini, the chief among grammars, removes the difficulty of grammar from the readers by his subtle and very subtle consideration of grammar subjects in his discipline of words. Therefore, cases are important in the topics discussed in grammar. There are many discussions in grammar based on cases. Lord Panini has criticized the six cases and the seven suffixes in his Ashtadhyayi. Panini made the notion of apadana by the formula dhruvamapaye apadanam. Besides this, he also made the method of deduction by other formulas. This research will reveal how Patanjali interpreted the formulas that legislate Panini's deduction in his commentary, depending on the sides and oppositions. In his Mahabhashya, Acharya Patanjali mentioned the seven Sutras composed by Panini for the legislation of the Apadana. And why he rejected the Seven Sutras, as well as what kind of criticism he has made about this have also mentioned in this research.

कुञ्जीशव्दाः – कारकम्, अपादानम्, पतञ्जलिः, महाभाष्यम्, ध्रुवम्।

Man is born for (purusharth). (Purusharth) is the goal of life. The importance of Purusharth Chatushtaya is not only from the point of view of philosophy, but also from the social point of view. That Purusharth Chatushtaya alone renders the purpose of life and the significance of social life. It helps to bring out the best in humanity. Purusharth Chatushtaya has a direct relation with the ashram system as well. It is Purusharth Chatushtaya that holds the psychological basis of the ashram system. Only Purusharth Chatushtaya communicates morality. Whatever is the thought of Purusharth, it is implemented in the ashram system by being embodied. Ashram system is respectively related to the main events of life. This is where rituals are needed. That is, for the implementation of the vast idea of Purusharth Chatushtaya, the ashram system has been created and the implementation of the ashram system gradually arranges for the sixteen rituals.

         That is, the complete understanding of any subject is based on its paragraphs, but the basis of those paragraphs are the words. Similarly, the subject - Purusharth is Chatushtaya, which is divided into Ashram system-like Paragraphs, those paragraphs are also covered with sacramental (Sanskaras) words. Here we will discuss Purusharth Chatushtaya according to Yoga Shastra, so that the relation of Purusharth Chatushtaya with Yoga Shastra can be clear. These Purusharths are very important in physical form, social form, practical form, and in spiritual form. Yoga Shastra also always proves its importance in these aspects. Therefore, the relationship between Purusharth Chatushtaya and Yoga is clear. But in which texts of Yogashastra, where, in which context, and why the description of Purusharth Chatushtaya is found, this is a matter of particular concern. Therefore, the analytical analysis is being done here.

Keywords - For fold goal of human, Objectives of men, the inherent values of the universe, Dharma Artha Kam and Moksha, Dharma (righteousness) Artha (economic values), Kama (pleasure), and Moksha (liberation), धर्म:,अर्थ:, काम:, मोक्ष:, योगशास्त्रे पुरुषार्थचतुष्टयम्, योगसूत्रे पुरुषार्थचतुष्टयम्, चाणक्यस्य अर्थशास्त्रम्

संस्कृतजगति विलियम-जोन्समहोदयस्य अवदानम्

Contribution of Sir William Jones to the Sanskrit World  


Debajyoti Manna

रामकृष्णमिशन् विद्यामन्दिरस्य (कलिकाताविश्वविद्यालयस्य)

बेलुरमठम्, हाओडा,

पश्चिमवङ्गः, 711202, भारतम्।


Abstract

Sir William Jones was a British Philologist, Orientalist and a great scholar of Sanskrit language in India. He is famous for his proposition of the existence of a relationship among European and Indo Aryan language. He studied the Beads and later he became Sanskritist. He played a prominent contribution in the field of Sanskrit language and literature. According to him him The Sanscrit language, whatever be its antiquity, is of a wonderful structure; more perfect than the Greek, more copious than the Latin, and more exquisitely refined than either, yet bearing to both of them a stronger affinity, both in the roots of verbs and the forms of grammar, than could possibly have been produced by accident; so strong indeed, that no philologer could examine them all three, without believing them to have sprung from some common source, which, perhaps, no longer exists; there is a similar reason, though not quite so forcible, for supposing that both the Gothic and the Celtic, though blended with a very different idiom, had the same origin with the Sanscrit; and the old Persian might be added to the same family. However, he is remarkable in this Galaxy for his magnificent work which is not only rare but also uncommon.

बहुभाषाभिज्ञः पण्डितः प्रकृष्टलेखकः उत्तमकविः विलियमजोन्स्-महोदयः अवश्यमेव स्मर्त्तव्यो जनः। किन्तु कलिकातास्थस्य एशियाटिक् सोसाइटि इत्यस्य प्रतिष्ठातृत्वेन यत् अक्षय्यं यशः तेन लब्धं तत् तस्य अन्यानि सर्वाणि यशांसि अतिक्राम्य वर्तते। जोन्स्-महोदयेन प्रतिष्ठापिताया अस्याः संस्थायाः आयुः सम्प्रति अशीत्युत्तरैकशतवर्षाणि। जोन्स्-महोदयस्य जीवनवृत्तान्तालोचनप्रसङ्गे अस्याः संस्थायाः प्रायेण द्विशतवर्षव्यापिनः इतिहासस्य आलोचनम् अप्रासङ्गिकं नास्ति।

कूटशब्दाः - विलियम-जोन्स, एशियाटिक् सोसाइटिः, संस्कृतसाधना 

Ancient manuscripts, inscriptions, copper and other metal leaf inscriptions demonstrate the historical importance of the literary wealth of the region. Due to the availability of Bhurja leaves in Himachal Pradesh, manuscripts written on Bhurja leaves are abundant in this region. Similarly, various inscriptions and pillar inscriptions are found in many temples in this snow-covered region. In the diverse environment of Himachal Pradesh, preservation of manuscripts written on handmade brown paper and other materials for a long time is a very difficult task., Sanskrit is often the predominant language in terms of language. The manuscripts, inscriptions and columnar inscriptions in various scripts like Sharada, Tankari and Pavuchi in Himachal Pradesh are mostly devoted to Sanskrit. This research paper describes the nature of Sanskrit in the inscriptions of King Meruvarman, the inscriptions of King Sahilvarman, the copperplate inscriptions of Yugakaravarman, and various manuscripts. A rich tradition of Sanskrit is still prevalent in Himachal Pradesh. This paper presents the glorious history of Sanskrit in Himachal Pradesh by reviewing inscriptions, copperplates and other inscriptions and ancient manuscripts.

कूटशब्दाः- पाण्डुलिपिः. अभिलेखः. हिमाचलप्रदेशः, साञ्चा, टांकरी, शारदालिपि, पावुची, संस्कृतपाण्डुलिपिग्रन्थाः,

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
"प्राची प्रज्ञा" इत्यन्तर्जालपत्रिका "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License." इति अभिज्ञापत्रस्य अन्तर्गततया उपलब्धा अस्ति ।

Editor in Chief

Prof. Sugyan Kumar Mahanty

email - prachiprajnaenb@gmail.com

Central Sanskrit University, 56-57, Institutional Area, Janakpuri, New Delhi-110058.

Published by

Prof. Sugyan Kumar Mahanty

Central Sanskrit University, 56-57, Institutional Area, Janakpuri, New Delhi-110058.