Speech and Language Processing: An Introduction to Natural Language Processing, Computational Linguistics, and Speech Recognition. By Daniel Jurafsky and James H. Martin. Prentice-Hall, 2000.
Chapter 1 (Introduction) is available as a downloadable .pdf file as are the resources for all of the chapters.
Introductory chapter below. 17 pages. Covers many areas at introductory level. Some simple, others with more technical content.
Difficulty: 5/10