- aquifer
- atmosphere
- biogeochemical cycles
- biomass
- carbon cycle
- closed cycle
- convergent plate boundary
- core
- crust
- denitrifying bacteria
- divergent plate boundary
- dynamic equilibrium
- ecotone
- emergent properties
- eutrophication
- evaporation
- feedback loop
- gross primary production
- groundwater
- Haber-Bosch process
- homeostasis
- hydrologic cycle
- hydrosphere
- hypoxia
- igneous rock
- landscape ecology
- lava
- lithification
- lithosphere
- magma
- mantle
- metamorphic rock
- negative feedback loop
- net primary production
- net primary productivity
- nitrification
- nitrogen cycle
- nitrogen fixation
- nitrogen-fixing bacteria
- nutrient cycles
- nutrients
- open system
- phosphorus cycle
- plate tectonics
- positive feedback loop
- precipitation
- productivity
- rock cycle
- runoff
- secondary production
- sediment
- sedimentary rock
- subduction
- system
- transform plate boundary
- transpiration
- water table