2.03 The Internet and the Cloud

1. Define Internet (with a capital ‘I”).

• The Internet is the global public network of independent and autonomous networks that are governed by the Internet Protocol Suite.

2. Define protocol and give an example of a protocol in everyday life (other than the one in the video).

• A protocol is a system of rules that govern the behavior of some system. An example of a protocol in everyday life is the communication and words used when in the military. It is standard protocol for individuals in the military to use "yes, sir" when speaking to someone of higher rank and salute their fellow officers.

3. When/ why are protocols helpful? Why do you think people felt like there needed to be protocols for the Internet?

• Protocols are helpful because they maintain a structured system, which helps society function smoothly. It is beneficial to have protocols when there are large groupings of people, documents, etc. because it enables the system to be run efficiently or in the computer sense, shared efficiently. I think that people felt like there needed to be protocols for the Internet because when the popularity of the Internet dramatically increased, it led to a rapid increase in the amount of information being shared between people. In response to this, there needed to be rules and ways about going information in order to keep the sharing structured.

4. What does TCP/IP stand for?

• TCP/IP stands for Internet Protocol Suite.

5. What is the difference between the World Wide Web and The Internet?

• The difference between the World Wide Web and The Internet is that the WWW is a grouping of stored files such as images, documents, recording, etc. that are stored on the Internet and can be shared. The Internet is the hardware that the WWW runs on to be able to share the resources through the networks. (The WWW is an application service)

6. What are Open Standards?

• Open Standards are standards (ie. HTTP/TCP) that are publicly available. So, they are not run or controlled by private entities.

7. Who creates and manages them?

• Open Standards are usually created and managed through a public process by open international communities such as the International Engineering Task Force (IETF) and the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C).

2.3 The Internet and the Cloud Curriculum Page

Reflection Portfolio Questions:

1. In your own words, give a sentence that would explain to a friend the difference between the WWW and the Internet.
   • The Internet is a huge network that enables computers to discover lots of public information that has been stored. This is because any computer can connect to another computer if they are both connected to the Internet. However, the WWW is a way of accessing the stored information by running on the internet (information is accessed through browsers). It enables people to share information globally.
2. (POGIL) List a beneficial effect and a harmful effect for a social media app that you discussed in your POGIL group. Are the effects on society, culture, or economics? Include a screenshot of the Venn diagram you made with your group.
   • A beneficial effect instagram has on economics is that new businesses are able to promote themselves and create brand awareness. New businesses can easily catch the public eye and gain a following through instagram. A harmful effect instagram has on our culture is that many people have become obsessed with their phones, which has lead to decreased face to face communication. Instagram has made our society more technology driven and less social due to online texting.

Venn Diagram below.

3. (POGIL) If you were a developer of one of the social media apps that you discussed, how would you reduce the harmful effects?

• If I was a developer for instagram, I would reduce its harmful effects by putting a time limit for the amount of hours someone can spend on the app. When a certain time is reached, the app would automatically shut down for the day. This would reduce the amount of time people would spend on their phones, and in response lead to more communication in the real world.