Module 4
MODULE 4 - CLEAN TECHNOLOGY IN THE BEAMHOUSE / TANYARD
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Students need to fully grasp the concepts covered in Module 1 in order to fully understand Module 4.
This module covers the clean technology that can be used by the tanner in the beamhouse and tanyard, the processes used, the chemistry or biochemistry of the clean technology processes, the function of the chemicals used in the processes, equipment modifications that may be necessary in order to use the clean technology processes, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the clean technology processes.
The following are covered in this module:
Mass balance in leather processing
Salinity problem within tannery wastewaters
Carbon footprint
Processing of green hides
Salt-free curing methods
Mechanical de-salting
Environment-friendly degreasers (NPE-free)
Recycling of soak floats
Hair-save unhairing
Utilisation of hair from the hair-save unhairing process
Recycling of lime liquors
Low-sulphide unhairing
Sulphide-free unhairing
Oxidizing unhairing
Enzyme use in the beamhouse
Use of biochemicals in the beamhouse
Organic acid deliming
Carbon dioxide deliming
Aqueous degreasing / lipase enzymes
Thrublu process
Salt-free pickling
Recycling of pickle liquors
Chrome liquor recycling / recovery
High-uptake chrome tanning
Two stage chrome tanning process
High-end pH basification
Hybrid chrome tannage
Bio-fungicides
Sources of COD in tannery effluents
In order to fully understand the above processes, students need to understand the concepts such as COD, BOD, conductivity, total solids, TDS, SS, TKN, sulphide, chlorides, FOG, shrinkage temperature, chromium concentration in the effluent etc