Servers are computers dedicated to providing a specific service to the other devices on a network
A file server is simply used to store files. Often users on a network are assigned a small amount of space on the file server's hard drive. Your school most likely does this: your G drive or H drive is a link to this space that was assigned to you.
A server which monitors all the packets of network traffic passing through it. This is usually used to prevent unauthorized access (hackers) from getting into a network or users from sending out traffic of specific types.
A proxy server monitors web traffic. It does this in two ways:
It firstly checks the URL of the site the user is trying to access. If the site is not on a list of blocked sites it will allow the user to connect to the site.
Secondly, it checks the contents of incoming webpages. If the pages contain too many "bad" words then the page will be blocked. Dans Guardian is a common example of software used on a proxy.
A dedicated server which manages print jobs
A server which stores web pages. Users send requests to view web pages to the server and the server responds with the appropriate web page.
A server which matches IP addresses and URLs.
A server which manages usernames, passwords and users permissions.