SDGsと人口

Sustainable Development Goals and Population

Course Description

In September 2015, the leaders of Japan and other 192 countries adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development at the UN Headquarters in New York. This agenda includes 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and 169 associated targets. These 17 Goals build on the successes and failures of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) to combat hunger, illiteracy, disease, environmental degradation, and discrimination against women, while including new areas of challenge such as climate change, economic inequality, innovation, natural disasters, peace and justice, among other priorities. Like MDGs, progress towards these targets is tracked by 232 unique Global SDG Indicators. Demographers have taken a central role in measuring these indicators. Demography is the study of the characteristics of populations. It provides a mathematical description of how those characteristics change over time. For example, Indicator 1.1.1 refers to the proportion of the population living on less than $1.25 a day. Demographers track this information within countries to track the progress of SDGs Target 1.1 “by 2030, eradicate extreme poverty for all people everywhere, currently measured as people living on less than $1.25 a day”. Not surprisingly, a great many of the Global SDGs indicators rely on demographic metrics in their entirety.

A primary focus of this course will be the following.

• The course will give the students the key concepts to discuss Sustainable Development Goals and students will recognize the key concepts, relevant empirical evidences, and current policy challenges in each of 17 Sustainable Development Goals.

• The course is designed to help first-year students to pick the “right” course in their second and third year of their program based on their area of interest.

• The course is to give students knowledge of relevance for their future career in international development, and find internships and other career opportunities.

This course is primarily intended to be a first-year undergraduate student regardless of their major, but we also welcome a second or third year student.

Class. Topic. Date

1. From Millennium to Sustainable Development Goals— 4/13

2. Economic Growth and Its Determinants / Measuring Economic Progress— 4/20

3. Poverty and Inequality— 4/27

4. The Role of International Organizations in Global Development— 5/4

5. Population and the Economy — 5/11

6. Migrants and Refugees— 5/18

7. Voice of Refugees: Discussion Session with refugees in Japan— 5/25

8. Education and Labor Market— 6/1

9. Children and Women— 6/8

10. Global Health and the Millennium Development Goals— 6/15

11. Global Health in the Era of Sustainable Development Goals— 6/22

12. COVID-19 and Global Health— 6/29

13. International Tourism— 7/6

14. Disaster Reduction and Resilience— 7/13

15. Wrap Up— 7/20

Lecture 1. From Millennium to Sustainable Development Goals

• Sachs, J. Chapter 1. (English)

• United Nations (2015) “The Millennium Development Goals Report 2015”. United Nations, New York, NY http://www.unic.or.jp/files/e530aa2b8e54dca3f48fd84004cf8297.pdf (Japanese Translation Available)

Lecture 2. Economic Growth and Its Determinants / Measuring Economic Progress

• Sachs J. Chapter 3 and 4. (English)

• Rodrik, D. (2001) “Institutions, Integration and Geography: In search of the deep determinants of Economic Growth” (English)

http://economics-files.pomona.edu/Andrabi/Economic%20Development/growthintro.pdf

• Sen, A. (1999). “Introduction” in “Development as freedom”. Oxford University Press (Japanese Translation Available)

Lecture 3. Poverty and Inequality

• Sachs J. Chapter 5. (English)

• Bourguignon, Francois (2016) “ Inequality and globalization: how the rich get richer as the poor catch up”, Foreign Affairs, 95 (1) (Japanese Translation Available)

• OECD (2016), “OECD Inequality Update 2016: Income inequality remains high in the face of weak recovery" http://www.oecd.org/social/OECD2016-Income-Inequality-Update.pdf (Japanese Translation Available)

Lecture 4. The Role of International Organizations in Global Development

• Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan (2016) “Major international organizations” in “International development: reference” http://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/gaiko/oda/files/000247483.pdf (Japanese)

• United Nations (2015) “The United Nations system” http://www.un.org/en/aboutun/structure/pdfs/UN_System_Chart_30June2015.pdf (Japanese Translation Available)

Lecture 5. Population and the Economy

• Global Conference of Parliamentarians on Population and Development (2016) “Declaration and recommendations to the G7” https://www.afppd.org/events/event-docs/1-d&r-global-conference-of-parliamentarians-on-population-and-development-2016-dec.pdf (Japanese Translation Available)

• (Optional:) UNFPA (2012), “Population matters for sustainable development” https://www.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/UNFPA%20Population%20matters%20for%20sustainable%20development_1.pdf (English)

• Bloom, David; David Canning and Gunther Fink (2010) , “Implications of population aging for economic growth”, Oxford Review of Economic Policy, Vol. 26, No, 4, pp 583-612. (English)

• Myrskyla, Mikko, Hans-Peter Kohler & Francesco Billari. (2009). Advances in development reverse fertility declines. Nature 460: 741-743 (English)

Lecture 6. Migrants and Refugees (Yamada)

• Mayda, A. (2010). “International migration: A panel data analysis of the determinants of bilateral flows”, Journal of Population Economics

• UNHCR(2016) “Introduction” in UNHCR Global Report 2016 http://reporting.unhcr.org/sites/default/files/gr2016/pdf/01_Intro.pdf (English)

Lecture 7 SDGs and Data

• ALLEN, C., SMITH, M., RABIEE, M. & DAHMM, H. 2021. A review of scientific advancements in datasets derived from big data for monitoring the Sustainable Development Goals. Sustainability Science, 16, 1701-1716.

• OHCHR, A. 2018. Human Rights-Based Approach to Data: Leaving No One behind in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. United Nations, Geneva, Switzerland.

• OHCHR, A. 2018. Human Rights Indicators: A Guide for Measurement and Implementation nited Nations, Geneva, Switzerland.

Lecture 8 Education and Labor Market

• Sachs J. Chapter 8. (English)

• Jensen, R. 2010. “The (Perceived) Return to Education and the Demand for Schooling”, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 125(2): 515-548. (English)

• Baird, S., C. McIntosh, and B. Ozler. 2011. Cash or Condition? Evidence from a Cash Transfer Experiment, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 2011, Vol. 126(4), pp. 1709-1753. (English)

• Becker, G., W. Hubbard and K. Murphy. Explaining the worldwide boom in higher education of women, Journal of Human Capital, vol. 4(3), 203–241, 2010. (English)

Lecture 9. Children and Women

• Japan Association for International Health (2013) “Child Health in Developing Countries” in “International Health-3rd Edition” Kyorin Shobo (Japanese)

• (Optional:) You, D., L. Hug, S. Ejdemyr et al.(2015), “Global, regional, and national levels and trends in under-5 mortality between 1990 and 2015, with scenario-based projections to 2030: a systematic analysis by the un Inter-agency group for child mortality estimation,” The Lancet, vol. 386, pp. 2275–2286. (English)

• Sen, A. (1999). “Chapter 8” in “Development as freedom”. Oxford: Oxford University Press (Japanese Translation Available)

• Jayachandran, S. (2015). "The Roots of Gender Inequality in Developing Countries," Annual Review of Economics, Annual Reviews, vol. 7(1), pages 63-88, 08. (English)

• Garcia-Moreno, C. et. al. (2006) “Prevalence of intimate partner violence: findings from the WHO multi-country study on women's health and domestic violence”. Lancet. 2006;368(9543):1260-9. (English)

Lecture 10. Global Health and the Millennium Development Goals

• Sachs J. Chapter 9. (English)

• Murray, C. J. L., & Lopez, A. D. (2013). Measuring the global burden of disease. New England Journal of Medicine, 369(5), 448-457. DOI: 10.1056 (English)

• Japan Association for International Health (2013) “Tuberculosis in the World”, “Malaria”, “HIV” in “International Health-3rd Edition” Kyorin Shobo (Japanese)

Lecture 11. Global Health in the Era of Sustainable Development Goals

• Asma, S., Lozano, R., Chatterji, S., Swaminathan, S., de Fátima Marinho, M., Yamamoto, N., . . . Dandona, L. (2020). Monitoring the health-related Sustainable Development Goals: lessons learned and recommendations for improved measurement. The Lancet, 395(10219), 240-246.

Lecture 12. COVID-19 and Global Health

• Nimako, K., & Kruk, M. E. (2021). Seizing the moment to rethink health systems. The Lancet Global Health, 9(12), e1758-e1762.

Lecture 13. International Tourism

• Rosselló, J., Becken, S., & Santana-Gallego, M. (2020). The effects of natural disasters on international tourism: A global analysis. Tourism Management, 79, 104080. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2020.104080

• Japan Tourism Agency (2016) “Chapter 1 Trends in International Tourism” in “White Paper on Tourism 2016” http://www.mlit.go.jp/common/001187259.pdf (Japanese)

• UNWTO(2015) “Tourism and the Sustainable Development Goals” http://cf.cdn.unwto.org/sites/all/files/pdf/sustainable_development_goals_brochure.pdf (English)

• UNWTO (2017) World Tourism Barometer and Statistical Annex, March 2017 15(2) http://cf.cdn.unwto.org/sites/all/files/pdf/unwto_barom17_02_mar_excerpt_.pdf (English)

Lecture 14. Disaster Reduction and Resilience

• Sachs, J. Chapter 11. (English)

• Frankenberg, E., M. Marta Laurito, D. Thomas “The demography of disasters”. in James D. Wright (ed.), International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2nd edition, North Holland, (with), Vol 8, 559-565, 2015, Oxford: Elsevier. (English)

Lecture 15. Wrap Up

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